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Online since: December 2012
Authors: Asif Iqbal
Fig. 1 presents graphical illustration of the process.
Likewise, “0” for the parameter coolant represents “dry” while “1” represents “MQL”.
Table 1.
|Diff| 1 47 0 0 45 300 0.09 1.5 17.6 0.052 0.052 0.000 0.310 0.278 0.032 2 57 0 0 45 300 0.09 1.5 6.08 0.194 0.178 0.016 0.357 0.372 0.015 3 52 1 0 30 250 0.1 2 3.82 0.130 0.125 0.005 0.285 0.334 0.049 4 52 0 1 30 250 0.1 2 3.92 0.102 0.099 0.003 0.249 0.246 0.003 5 62 1 1 30 250 0.1 2 1 0.092 0.085 0.007 0.221 0.254 0.034 6 62 0 1 50 250 0.1 2 4.95 0.137 0.143 0.006 0.343 0.310 0.032 7 62 0 1 55 175 0.08 1.6 0.72 0.100 0.088 0.012 0.272 0.222 0.050 8 62 0 1 55 175 0.12 0.6 3.6 0.128 0.139 0.011 0.165 0.179 0.015 9 62 0 1 55 275 0.08 0.6 5.4 0.191 0.189 0.002 0.180 0.236 0.056 10 62 0 1 55 275 0.12 1.6 0.3 0.175 0.160 0.015 0.256 0.270 0.014 11 62 0 1 55 309 0.1 1.1 1.38 0.136 0.149 0.013 0.205 0.232 0.027 12 62 0 1 55 225 0.13 1.1 0.9 0.109 0.098 0.011 0.243 0.262 0.019 13 62 0 1 55 225 0.1 1.9 0.06 0.062 0.087 0.025 0.304 0.291 0.013 Percentage error 7.9% 10.5% References [1] T.
Karpat, Predictive Modeling of Surface Roughness and Tool Wear in Hard Turning Using Regression and Neural Networks, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol.45, 2005, pp.467–479 [13] A.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Wei Zhang, Zheng Ying Lin
To reserve the individual 1 into the set O while g r=0.
Fig.1.
References [1] Johnson S.
Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 1(1954)61-68
European Journal of Operational Research, 165(2) (2005)479-494
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Ali R. Massih
Fig. 1, are defined [6].
The structural free energy is Fst = ∫ [ga 2 (∇η)2 + V(η) ] dρ. (3) Here gb(∇ψ)2 and ga(∇η)2 account for the spatial dependence of the order parameters, gb and ga are positive constants, and U(ψ) = 1 2p0ψ2 + 1 4q0ψ4 and V(η) = 1 2r0η2 + 1 4u0η4 + 1 6v0η6 are the Landau type potential energies, where p0 and r0 are taken to be linear functions of temperature, e.g.
Hence, the expression for total energy becomes F[ψ, η] = ∫ [fψ(ρ, θ) + fη(ρ, θ) + fψη(ρ, θ)] dρ, (11) where the free energy densities are fψ = gb 2 (∇ψ)2 + 1 2p1ψ2 + 1 4q0ψ4 − H1ψ, (12) fη = ga 2 (∇η)2 + 1 2r1η2 + 1 4u1η4 + 1 6v0η6, (13) fψη = γψη2. (14) with p1 = p0 −α2/Λ and u1 = u0 −β2/Λ.
References [1] A.
Phys., 49:435-479, 1977
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Lin Yuan, Song Lin Chen, Zhong Qi Feng, Jia Lin Sun, Xi Jun Liu, Bo Pan, Jian Dong Wang
Therefore, trial production of MgO-ZrO2 brick applied for RH degasser is recommended. 1.
Two types bricks’ chemical compositions and physical properties were listed in table 1.
Assuming a tiny amount of ZrO2 dissolved in the molten steel, and the solution meets ideal solution condition and obeys Henry's law, according to reaction equation (2) [7], ZrO2 (s) = [Zr]1% + 2[O]1% = 793270 - 231.86T (J·mol-1) (2) When temperature (T) is 1900K, then= 352736J·mol-1, and, that is, .
Reference [1] Kajita Y.
Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2005: 370-479
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Edson Pereira Soares, R.N. Faria, Lia Maria Carlotti Zarpelon
Table 1.
x C [mAhg-1] Mw [gmol-1] n [H/f.u.]
y C [mAhg-1] Mw [gmol-1] n [H/f.u.]
References [1] F.
Costa: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 479 (2009), p. 342
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Arvind Prasad, David H. St. John, Peter D. Lee, Lang Yuan
Fig. 1.
Table 1.
References [1] A.L.
A 361 (2003) 479-495
A 486(1-2) (2008) 8-12
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Guo Qing Zhang, Wen Yong Xu, Na Liu, Zhou Li, Zheng Jiang Gao, Hua Yuan, Yue Wang, Shi Fan Tian
When remains constant, and 1/T exhibits a linear relationship as well.
The values of Z at different hot work conditions can be derived by Eq. (1).
a) b) c) d) Fig.5 Optical microstructrues under different hot work conditions: a) 1000℃, 0.13s-1; b) 1100℃, 0.13s-1; c) 1200℃, 0.13s-1; d) 1200℃, 6.5s-1 Fig.5 (a) shows the microstructures of the specimen deformed at 1000℃ and 0.13s-1.
References [1] K.
Liu,et al., Spray forming and thermal processing for high performance superalloys, Materials Science Forum. 475-479 (2005) 2773-2778
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Wei Yu Fan, Guo Zhi Nan, Yang Li, Hui Luo
The fatty acids and alcohols were mixed with molar ratio of 1:1 and dissolved in toluene.
The dosage of the catalysts was 1 wt%.
Literature References [1] K.
Technol. 70 (1999) 1-15
Masjuki, Biodiesel from palmoil - an analysis of its properties and potential, Biomass and Bioenerg. 23 (2002) 471-479
Online since: May 2004
Authors: Elvira Fortunato, Isabel Ferreira, Pere Roca i Cabarrocas, Hugo Águas, Rodrigo Martins, Leandro Raniero
Martins 1, H.
Fortunato 1, L.
A reverse behaviour is observed for the FWHM centred on 2000 cm-1.
Comparison of the shift of the maximum of <�2> for pm-Si:H films produced at 13.56 MHz (#14 and #19) and 27.12 MHz. 52 53 54 55 56 #40 2.5Å/s #41 3.1Å/s #19 < 2Å/s std a-Si:H #43 2.8Å/s #42 2.9Å/s FHMW (cm-1) 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 Position (cm -1) Fig. 5.
References [1] P.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: C.H. Ko, M.J. Twu, P.C. Juan, H. Sekiguchi, C.H. Chou, K.C. Lin
Results and discussions Use Taguchi to analysis MFIS structure gate leakage current features.When the voltage is +3V, factor changes its standards of SNR calculation results shown in Table 1.According to Table 1, optimal factor level changes with each factor level selected SNR maximum, and leakage current quality characteristics is desired smaller shown in Figure 1, the higher data and the smaller leakage current are the better quality characteristics.First, in terms of the annealing temperature, when changing the Level 1 (500 °C) -> Level 2 (600 °C) -> Level 3 (700 °C), the s/n ratio continuing to increasewhich means significantly the leakage current reduced with annealing temperature increasing from 500 °C to 700 °C.
BiFeO3Thin Films Grown on Pt Electrodes”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 479, pp. 274-279, 2009
Dong, “Enhanced Multiferroic Properties of The High-valence Pr Doped BiFeO3 Thin Film”, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 93, pp. 182909-1-3, 2008
Driscoll, “Greatly Reduced Leakage Current and Conduction Mechanism in Aliovalent-ion-doped BiFeO3”, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, pp. 062903-1-3, 2005
Ozawa, “Improved Ferroelectric Properties in Multiferroic BiFeO3 Thin Films Through La and Nb Codoping”, Physical Review B, Vol. 77, pp. 092101-1-4, 2008
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