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The performance of porous ZnO such as the photocatalytic activity depends strongly on the physical properties such as the morphology, specific surface area and pore structures.
Wide-angle reflections confirm the hexagonal wurtzite-analogous structure of ZnO.
The TEM images are shown in Figure 2.We can see that the ZnO has irregular porous structure, and the sizes of pores range from a few nanometers to several hundred nanometers.
In order to characterize the pore structure in more detail, the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms were measured for porous ZnO, which show the typical IV curves with H3 hysteresis loops as shown in Figure 3.
Hirata, Radiation Physics and Chemistry Radiat, Phys.

Introduction Calcium polyphosphate ([Ca(PO3)2]n), an inorganic polymer, is a member of the condensed phosphate family formed by condensation of tetrahedral (P-O4) groups with chain structures [1].
In CPP system, Ca/P ratio possibly affects the polymerization process and the chain structure, so that Ca/P ratio may result in a controllable-degradation rate of CPP ceramic.
The XRD results show that the Ca/P ratios were important factors in phase structures of the ground powders and sintered ceramics, and there was obvious interaction between [Ca(PO3)2]n and Ca2P2O7 in sintering process.
During the sintering process of ceramics containing amorphous CPP and Ca2P2O7, pore structures of the sintered ceramics possible condensed by CPP existence, because amorphous CPP with low melt temperature acted as the sintered aiding-agent and leaded the compressive strengths of ceramics.
Corbridge: Phosphorus, an outline of its chemistry, biochemistry and technology. 4th edition (Elsevier publications, Amsterdam 1990) [2] N.L.

While characteristics of flour granules of extruded (Fig.1 C) and cooked (Fig.1 D) were irregular and larger granules due to the pasting and repolymerization of starches during processing and revealed a fibrous structure and a cellular structure respectively.
Extrusion of starch granules causes changes in their morphological and molecular structure depending on several factors including moisture content, cooking temperature, and mechanical/thermal energy input.
Microstructure of the flour granules assume on densely fibrous structure.
Food chemistry.

Due to this issue, many attempts have been made to produce biodegradable polymers for daily usage through slight alterations of their structures [1].
It is obvious from the figures that the hydrogels had the porous structures.
The micrograph of SAG with 0 wt% MBA shows rough surface with poor attachment of the gel structure and no interconnect pores.
Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1953 [7] W.
Preparation and structure of polyacrylate, In L.

Tin oxide SnO2 thin films is one of this materials, it has a tetragonal rutile structure [1].
This might be attributed to the slight increase in grain size and the homogeneity of the structure.
The Raman analysis showed that the SnO2 films obtained at 06 and 10 min of immersion time crystallized in the rutile structure.
However, the study revealed an amorphous structure in the case of SnO2 thin films obtained at 01 and 03 min.
Carmalt, Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6 (2018) 7257—7266

The use in the past of mathematical techniques and methodologies to design macro-world structures in the past are now considered for designing micro-world structures.
Like in chemistry which deals with the manufacturing process, or electronics which deals with the control of MEMS devices.
Conclusions In this work, a traditional mathematical methodology was applied to estimate the behavior of a mechanical structure in a micrometric scenario.
Stiharu: Geometrical Performance Conditioning of Microstructures, International Conference on Smart Materials Structures And Systems, pp. 191-198, (2005)
Hee-jun: A Compensation of Young's Modulus In Polysilicon Structure with Discontinuous Material Distribution", Materials Letters, 59, pp. 3900 - 3903, (2005)

Scanning Electron Microscopy technique was used to characterize the morphological structure of the electrospun PVA nanofibre.
Results and Discussion Effect of Applied Voltage on beaded size, fibre diameter and morphological structure of nanofibre.
This statement became an evident as the morphological structure shown in figure 2 had precisely state the condition of structure when the molecular weight increased from low to high.
Effect of Feed Rate on beaded size, fiber diameter and morphological structure of nanofiber.
Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 42(24) (2004). 6331–6339

The advantages of the piezoelectric pump are its simple structure, low energy consumption, and small size, which give it an obvious edge over the traditional mechanical pump regarding transporting fluid in the field of biomedicine [4], fine chemistry [5], and pharmaceutical research [6].
The strengths of this structure lie in its simple and compact structure, which makes it easy for miniaturization.
This paper deals with the modeling and analysis of vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, and the cantilever beam diaphragm pumps prototype made based on theory, whose structure of the cantilever and preaching vibration has been further optimized through experiments.
The structure of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is shown in Fig. 2.
The frequency—flow rate characteristic curve Conclusion According to the demonstration of the dynamic characteristics of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, we have obtained the displacement characteristics and frequency characteristics of the loaded and no-loaded piezoelectric cantilever; and proposed a new type of piezoelectric cantilever beam driving mechanism, and by changing the length of the beam, and relative distribution of the position of the piezoelectric patches as well as conducting tests, we found the best structure of it, and demonstrated the rationality of structure size.

The Preparation of Cu-BiVO4 and Its Enhanced Photocatalytic Properties for Degradation of Phenol Xiaoming Gao, Yufei Wu, Jing Wang, Feng Fu*, Liping Zhang, Fengxing Niu Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi 716000, china dawn1026@163.com Key words: Photocatalyst, Cu -BiVO4, degradation, phenol Abstract.
The characterization results indicated a better crystal structure of Cu-BiVO4.
Cu-BiVO4 powders synthesized at pH=7, exhibits the characteristic strong peak superposing with peaks at 2θ=28.585°, 28.821°, 28.945°, and corresponds to the standard phase-pure monoclinic BiVO4 structure (JCPDS No.14-0688).
The result indicates that the doping of Cu does not influence the crystal structures of BiVO4.
This is mainly because Cu-BiVO4 (pH=7) is monoclinic scheelite structure but the others are tetragonal crystalline structure.

The structure and dielectric properties of the films were researched by XRD, SEM and Agilent.
And Mn, Co, Ni enter the structure of La0.5Sr0.5FeO3 thin film respectively.
Structure, magnetic, and transport properties of Ti-substituted La0.7Sr0.3MnO3[J].
Effect of oxygen vacancies on the magnetic structure of the La0.6Sr0.4FeO3-δ perovskite: A neutron diffraction study[J].
Chemistry of Materials, 2012, 24(8): 1529-1535