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Electrochemical micromachining can machine hard to cut materials irrespective of their physical and mechanical properties and the material should be electrically conductive.
Machined surface is stress free and burr free and the heat affected zone (HAZ) is reduced.
The rate of anodic dissolution or machining depends upon its atomic weight, valence, the current density and the time of machining and is not affected by the hardness and mechanical properties of the materials [4].
Therefore, the four input factors has been chosen with three levels in this present work.
Step 4: Calculate the grey relational grade Step 5: To select the maximum average grey relational grade for input factors [11].

These deformations lead to many problems include the development of main paths for water flow and pollutant transport, reduction of soil strength (and impact on other mechanical properties of soils), erosion in slopes, landslides, increase infiltration capacity of the soil and the differential settlement problems.
The formation of cracks in the field is generally related to many factors including the soil shrinkage during droughts.
The properties of this mixture were obtained such as Gs = 2.61 (ASTM D854), e = 2.36, and n = 0.7.
Thiriat, Development of a large-scale infiltration tank for determination of the hydraulic properties of expansive clays, Geotechnical Testing Journal. 32 (5) (2009) 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ102187
Cojean, Assessing shrink/swell properties of two argillaceous soils from the Paris Basin: a comparison of cation exchange determination methods, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 67 (3) (2008) 415–424

Naderi etc. [2] studied the factors of martensite transformation and discussed how temperature and deformation effect the martensite transformation.
C Lei etc. [7] discussed how temperature affected mechanical properties of parts in hot stamping.
Hence, it is hard to analyze the mechanical property of hot-stamped part directly.
In this process cooling rate is the major factor that has impact on martensite transformation.
Hot-stamping is a complex thermal-mechanical coupled process.

It is apparent that the curing age, coating thickness and polymer-cement ratio are very important factors to improve the bond strength of PCS-coated rebar to cement concrete.
However, it has not been widely used by the problems that include economic efficiency, low bond strength to concrete, flexible resistance, fragility of a coating area, and various other factors.
Table 1 shows its properties.
Bond Properties of Epoxy Coated Bars in High Strength Concrete, Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, 6(1997)209-14
Tensile properties and adhesion of hybrid-type anti-corrosion polymer cement slurry, Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, 20(2008)635-642 [15] Jo.

These presented that the viscoelastic properties of filled nitrile rubbers can be extended by the cyclic loading measurement. [2].
Regularly, the mechanical properties of soft materials, such as papers, were investigated using the tensile testing as elucidated by previous literature [5], while this presentation use the hardness measuring instead.
Brinell hardness is the measuring of hardness properties that used the spherical indenter to impressed onto the sample surface.
The other review examined that the mechanical hysteresis can be discovered in the optical components, for instance, the mirror can be mechanically deformed using its piezoelectric properties.
The majority advantage of this approach can be used for the investigating the mechanical properties of soft materials such as papers [5,6].

Beneath the recast layer, a heat affected zone is formed.
The microstructure and the properties of the melted zone after solidification are quite different with respect to those of the workpieces and tool electrodes used in the process [4,8].
There are many process variables that affect the surface integrity such as pulse duration, peak current, open gap voltage, electrode polarity, material properties of the tool electrode, workpiece and dielectric liquid, debris concentration and even size of the electrode [3].
Electrical discharge Machining properties of noble crystals, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.149, Issues 1-3, (2004) :393-397
[11] Surapunt S, “Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Strengthening mechanisms in Metals”, Engineering Materials and Selecting:15-23

Due to the complex curves of hull frames and the un-uniform mechanical properties of material, it is hard to realize the numerical control of frame shape processing.
Comparing with other control methods, it is easier to use; and the feeding error affects less on the accuracy; the shape of the whole frame and every part of it is more accurate.
Due to the un-uniform mechanical properties of material, it is not fitting to solve this problem with theoretical calculations.
The excess part called as excess-angle will affect the application of gradually approaching method.
It is determined by many factors such as the length of the period, response time of the electrocircuit and solenoid valves, the curvature of the frame shape, temperature and so on.

Define the Material Properties.
In the Workbench static structure analysis, the material properties was defined by young's modulus,poisson's ratio and density.In Geometry Data of ANSYS Workbench, the corresponding material properties was edited or newly built.The material of the gear is 17CrNiMo6 in this paper.The material properties parameter is shown in Table 2.
Material 17CrNiMo6 Elastic modulus Mpa 2.10e5 Poisson's ratio 3 Density kg/m3 7930 Table.2 The material properties parameter of the geer The Meshing.
Wang and Ian Howard: Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol.218 (2004) ,pp.l-12
Zhang: Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Vol. 4 (2008), pp.69-73.

Introduction Low density and excellent corrosion resistance combined with good mechanical properties as well as high thermal conductivity are the characteristics that aluminium and its alloys can provide for specific applications.
A significant improvement of the mechanical properties of these cast alloys can be obtained if the microstructural features, i.e. the primary α-aluminium grains and the eutectic phase, can be reduced in size [3-4].
Kaufman, Aluminium Alloys (Chapter 3), Mechanical Engineers Handbook: Materials and Mechanical Design, Volume 1, third Ed, pp. 59-62, 2006
Pearson, Factors Affecting Grain Refinement of Aluminium using Ti and B Additives, Metall.
Mondolfo, Aluminium Alloys; Structure and Properties, Butterworths, Boston, 1976.

Table 1 The dimension of the π joint [mm] Skin laminate length W: 200 Web thickness T: 6.5 Skin Laminate thickness M: 2 Vertical Support length L2: 30 Joint and skin laminate width K: 50 Horizontal Support length L1: 24 Web length H: 160 Support thickness t: 0.78 Fig. 1: The configuration of the π joint Fig. 2: The main dimension of the baseline π joint Material properties.
Assume that the woven lamina has anisotropic materials properties and the unidirectional lamina has the transversely isotropic material properties.
Since the ply angle leads to different sectional mechanical properties along the width of the π-joint, a 3-D finite element model is established to investigate the failure mode associated with the π-joint by means of software ABAQUS.
Thus the geometric parameters, such as vertical support length, horizontal support length, preform thickness and radius of filler, are major factors in the design of a composite π-joint.
As the filler radius increases, the strength ratio in the filler decreases sharply, which indicates the filler radius affects the load transferred through the filler significantly.