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Cylindrical Electrode Double Liquid Zoom Lens' Structure.
The double liquid zoom lens' principle and the structure carry on the introduction taking Figure1 cylindrical electrode model as the example.
Fig. 1 Cylindrical electrode double liquid zoom lens' structure schematic drawing Fig. 2 The zoom system structure schematic drawing The Principle of Cylindrical Electrode Double Liquid Zoom Lens.
Using the geometry method to realize fixed optical axis, the solid electrode surface forms the ring-like simplex structure regarding the fixed central shaft.
The figure 2 is the electrowetting effect focal variation optical system's structure, the system mainly constitutes the burnt optical system's structure by fixed focus lens and two double liquid zoom lens.

The crystalline structure and surface characteristics of Eu-doped titania nanotube were investigated.
The crystal structures and the crystalline size were determined using an XRD (Philips, PW1710) with a Cu kα radiation (λ=1.5406Å).
The titanium peaks originated from the Ti substrate, and the structure of as anodized TiO2 nanotube indicates an amorphous phase.
For anodic TiO2 tube annealed at 500oC for 1 h, the amorphous TiO2 nanotube changed to an anatase-type TiO2 crystalline structure.
As can be seen in Fig. 2(d), the anatase-type crystalline structures can be obtained by additional annealing treatment.

In the present Communication, a completely “green” chemistry method for producing silver nanoparticles is introduced.
The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) showed structures of spherical, cubic shape, and the size range was found to be 30–60 nm.
Many other natural products of diverse molecular structure have revealed antiparasitic potency in the laboratory and represent interesting lead structures for the development of new and urgently needed antiparasitics.
Representative SEM micrograph (Fig. 3a, b) of synthesized nanoparticles was spherical and cubic structures with size range of 30–60 nm.
Discussion Nanotechnology is a fast emerging discipline not only in physics and chemistry but also in the field of biology.

As different studies showed it is possible to manufacture structures in the µm-range and also in the sub µm-range.
The structure of the double layers is mainly influenced by the electrolyte.
Both approaches are fast enough to measure the fast processes within the ECM structuring.
During the machining the z-axis is moved and the tool electrode moves towards the work piece to obtain a structuring.
Sluyters-Rehbach, "Impedances of electrochemical systems: Terminology, nomenclature and representation - Part I: Cells with metal electrodes and liquid solutions (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)," Pure and Applied Chemistry, vol. 66, no. 9, 1994.

The most important features of the oxide layer are its thickness, composition, structure, adherence and coherence.
The oxidation kinetics of ultra-low carbon steel (ULC) in air, its scale structure and composition were investigated over the temperature range 923-1473K.
Depending on temperature, time, atmosphere conditions and steel chemistry, energy barriers develop, which must be overcome for an oxide to grow.
Results and discussion Scale structure.
Figure 1 shows some examples of the scale structure found in both oxidation tests.

A pyrochlore-structured metal oxide A2B2O7 provides a good base material for chemical substitutions.
The structures of the prepared samples were characterized and their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange. 2.
For crystalline La2Zr2O7, the existence of (331) and (511) diffraction peaks indicate the as-obtained La2Zr2O7 is pyrochlore structure [9].
The lattice fringes with the interplanar distance of 0.303 nm are assigned to the (222) plane of the cubic La1.6Er0.4Zr2O7 structure.
Dean, Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 15th ed., McGraw-Hill, 1999

The structure and alignment of the nuclei can be influenced by the organic matrix through the spatial molecular structure of the surface, in particular the position of the functional group such as –OH or –COOH [1].
Due to the very different molecular structure of dextran and chitosan, it can be assumed that the nucleation structure of the YBCO will exhibit large differences in the two cases.
The different nucleation structures obtained affect the anisotropic growth rates of the YBCO crystallites and also determine the spatial arrangement of grains.
By investigating the effect of the organic matrix structure on the synthesis product, we are better able to control the result, targeting higher aspect ratio platelet growth or improved connectivity between grains.
Mann: Biomineralization: principles and concepts in bioinorganic materials chemistry (Oxford University Press, New York 2001), ISBN 0198508824, p. 117

Here we report on the synthesis of nanowires and nanoporous structures with the intention to control the magnetic properties of conventional materials.
Experimental Section Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry concerned with the interrelation of electrical and chemical effects [3,4].
Plan view SEM morphology study shows a three dimensional interconnected porous structure formed after etching (Fig. 6).
The coercive field also has a great enhancement after etching and shape anisotropy is reduced due to the formation of porous structure (Fig. 7).
For alloys and nanoporous structures, magnetic characteristics can be tuned by composition and morphology.

The results show that rare earth elements have a selective modification effect on eutectic Mg2Si and Si structures.
Previous study [10] has shown strontium has an obvious modification effect on eutectic Si, while it does not mention the result of on Mg2Si structure.
In it, eutectic Mg2Si and Si structures are obviously modified, while primary Mg2Si particles are not, which indicates mischmetal has selective modification on eutectic Mg2Si and Si structures.
This indicates (RE+Al-P) has an effective modification on overall structure of the composite.
(3) Rare earths selectively modify eutectic Mg2Si and Si structures in in-situ Mg2Si/Al-Si composites

The chemistry of the stabilization process is complex, but it generally consists of cyclization of the nitrile groups (C N) and cross-linking of the chain molecules in the form of –C=N-C=N- [3].
The FTIR Nicolet Magna-IR560, of potassium bromide (KBr) type, was used to identify and to classify the transformation of chemical structure in PAN/AM fibers.
The FTIR spectra of PAN/AM SF at different stabilization temperatures confirmed that the heat treatment had changed the structure of the fibers accordingly.
The morphological structures of the precursor PAN/AM and the stabilized PAN/AM fibers prepared under different stabilization temperatures were examined via SEM.
This structure of the stabilized fibers was evolved from that of PAN precursor fibers through stabilization process [5].