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In this process, heavy metal ions can be fixed on the lattice in the spinel structure and form ferrite(AB2O4) which can exist as a good magnetic property and stable chemical property such as microwave adsorption, electrode materials and drug-loading materials[1-4].
The patterns match well the characteristic diffraction peaks of NiZn-ferrites (JCPDS card no. 08-0234) and do not change obviously with the increase of temperature, which confirms the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure in 40oC.
The structure stability of the samples demonstrate a promising application of ferrite for adsorption of organic dye in 80oC.
So, these phenomenon can be ascribed to the variety of Fe–O bond and the disfiguration of crystal structures, which caused by the noncollinear spin arrangement and Yafet–Kittel canting of cations, when synthesis temperature is added.
Chemistry of Materials.

The FO membranes has an asymmetric structure and is made of cellulose acetate (CTA) and supported by a non-woven backing consisting of polyester fibers individually coated with polyethylene.
The membrane surface chemistry before and after experiment were analyzed by Fourier transform infra red spectrometer (Nicolet iS5, Thermo, US).
Based on it, we concluded that sonic oscillation caused damage to the membrane structure and a portion of cellulose triacetate and polyester fiber were separated from the membrane.
In the FTIR spectra of the membrane fouling by the organics, it was noted that two sharp adsorption peaks at 1652 cm−1 and 1535 cm−1 that were assigned to the characteristics of protein secondary structures[6], which were consistent with the previous studies.
However, the membrane structure was damaged after ultrasonic oscillation.

The dielectric properties of electroceramic material are dependent on the phase transition phenomena, and that is closely related to the crystal structure [8-9].
Additionally, the crystal structure is closely dependent on the fabrication method [3].
The structure arrangement is body-centered cubic with lattice parameter a= 7.391 nm.
A CCTO compound with body-centered cubic structure and a lattice parameter of 7.301 Å was obtained.
Chemistry. 19 (2016) 910-915

Preparation of zeolite from waterworks sludge for ammonium ion removal in wastewater Chunxia Zhao*, Chunhui Zhang, Tan Meng, Shanshan Han, Jiayu Jiang, Qingxin Yin, Meitong Guo, Boquan Shao and Guijuan Rong College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China Keywords: Waterworks sludge; Synthetic zeolite; Induce crystallization; Ammonium ion wastewater Abstract: An appropriate disposal technology should be developed for a mass of waterworks sludge (WWS) as the solid waste.
Introduction Zeolite is a kind of hydrous silicate minerals with the stable tetrahedron frame structure [(Si, Al)O4].
Generally, zeollites are possessed with high cation exchange capacity and adsorption capacity due to these exchangeable cation and connected pore channel in their structures.
That indicated the smaller particle size of synthetic zeolite was used, the higher ammonium ion removal rate could be obtained. 2.2 Structure analysis of all the zeolite.
The structure and morphology of natural zeolite, synthetic zeolite, WWS, sediment (washed to neutrality, 105 ˚C drying 2 h), and WSS zeolite were characterized by XRD and SEM.

It is considered as a new approach to get better bioactivity and bone formation that biomaterial is prepared by means of optimal design of composition and structure of materials instead of the addition of living cell or bone growth factor.
In order to improve the bioactivity and the osteogenesis of calcium phosphate bioceramics, composition and porous structure of biomaterials have been studied [3,4].
Porous structure occurred when these samples were sin- tered using the self-made microwave and microwave plasma equipments, as well as the conventional furnace, at the different temperatures.
The sintering methods and temperatures determine directly the structure and properties of bioceramics.
[8] L, Šůgha and S, Kotrlỳ: Solution Equilibrium in Analytical Chemistry (Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, London 1972)

Narciclasine is not a basic metabolite, since the nitrogen is amidic in character, but its structure is closely related to the Amaryllidaceae Isocarbostyril type alkaloids.
Structure and separation of Narciclasine Narciclasine, also known as lycoricidinol given it is the 7-hydroxy derivative of lycoricidine, as shown in Fig.1, was the first alkaloid of the class isolated in 1967 from Narcissus bulbs based on its inhibition of the growth of wheat grain radicles [4].
The structure of narciclasine was elucidated in 1970 by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13C NMR, mass spectral, infrared, and elemental analyses and was further characterized with respect to optical rotation [5].
Chemical structure of narciclasine Anti-cancer Effects of Narciclasine Cancer cells are markedly more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of narciclasine than normal cells [6].
Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters.

., Ltd. azoxystrobin with the purity of 99 % was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, the chemical structure and physical properties are shown in Table 1.
Methacrylic acid (MAA)-styrene (St) copolymer were purchased from Beijing Grand AgroChem., Ltd, and the chemical structure is shown in Fig. 1.
TABLE 1 ELEMENTAL PROPERTIES OF AZOXYSTROBIN Adsorbent azoxystrobin Chemical structure Molecular Weight 403.39 Solubility in Water / mg·L-1 6.0 (293 K); 10.0 (298 K) log Kow 2.64 Fig. 1 Chemical Structure of MAA-St Copolymer The weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn) and polydispersity of MAA-St copolymer were determined by gel permeation chromatography, the carboxyl group content of MAA-St copolymer were obtained by conductometric titration using 0.1 mol·L-1 HCl and NaOH solution.
Parfitt, Chemistry of Interfaces, Ellis Horwood, Onichester, 1981.

Hardening can be obtained through modifying the surface chemistry by carburizing and nitriding or depositing a hard coating layer on the substrate through various coating techniques like chemical vapour deposition, physical vapor deposition and thermal spraying processes [3].
Chen et al., [5] used friction stir processing to modify the surface of 316L stainless steel and investigated the reasons for the banded structure formation.
This decreased wear rate was caused by refined grain structure in FSP regions.
The friction stir processed region resists plastic deformation and adhesion due to high surface hardness and fine grain structure.
Katoh, Banded structure and its distribution in friction stir processing of 316L austenitic stainless steel, Journal of Nuclear Materials. 420 (2012) 497–500

Effects of Promoters on Properties of Cu-Zn-Al Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol Changyou Li1,a*, Xiaoyan Li1,b and Yifei Guo2,c 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, China 2Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, China alcy1394@163.com, blixiaoyan6666@126.com, cgyifei@hncj.edu.cn Keywords: Cu-Zn-Al catalyst, Cinnamaldehyde, Selective hydrogenation Abstract.
The probable reason was that the incorporation of Mn or Ni into the catalyst damaged the structure of ZnAl2O4 spinel, which led to nonuniform distribution of copper particles on the surface of catalysts, consequently, the decline of reducibility was observed.
When Zn was displaced by Ni, the reduction temperature of Cu-Ni-Al catalyst was only 200℃, just owing to the formation of NiAl2O4 spinel structure.
The valence and atomic radius of Ni are almost the same with that of Zn, so the nickel oxide and aluminum oxide can form spinel structure, while manganese oxide and aluminum oxide can’t produce spinel structure because of the apparent differences in valence and atomic radius between Mn and Zn atoms.

Preparation of activated carbons from sewage sludge and removing hydrogen sulfide Bo Yan1, a, Wei Jiang2, b, Fen Li3, 1, c, Zhenlong Gong1, d, Anxi Jiang1, e 1School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China 2Architectural Design and Research Institute, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China 3School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China aCorresponding author, boyan318@hit.edu.cn, bjiangweipearlsea@163.com, c82851859@126.com, d411484289@qq.com, ejax320@sohu.com Keywords: Sewage sludge adsorbent; preparation of activated carbons; hydrogen Sulfide; deodorization Abstract.
Table 1 Basic properties of surplus sludge Item Water content[%] Volatile matter[%] Ash[%] High order heat value[KJ.Kg-1] value 81.9 53.5 46.5 10.277 ZnCl2 drying ↓ HCI Sewage sludge→ dewatered sludge→ steeping → carbonization → lavation → drying →sludge adsorbent Figure 1 The process flow of the preparation The deodorization of the adsorbents and its relationship with the structure of the adsorbents.
Popularly, there is large-scale pore distribution, these pores consist of carbon and inorganic-substance, mainly are hex crystal structure, which have good scrubbing effect [3].
The hole structure of the sludge adsorbent by the process above is mostly mesopore.
As noted above, the sewage sludge adsorbents are similar to the nature of activated carbons, they have developed pore structure, with huge surface area and a considerable amount of functional groups, they also have good adsorption capabilities, and therefore, the activated carbon deodorization process is the use of activated carbon adsorption deodorizing hydrogen sulfide and other odor processing deodorant way.