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Introduction Ternary (Ti,Al)N solid solution with B1 NaCl phase has been successfully developed as hard coatings for mechanical processing cutting tools and anti-corrosion coatings for blades of aviation engine. [1-3].
In order to further improve the coating’s performance, especially oxidation-resistance and mechanical properties, quaternary (Ti,Al,X)N coatings were developed by introducing element X into (Ti,Al)N.
And recently there have been some research about the influence of incorporation of Nb into (Ti,Al)N on the structure and mechanical performance [8].
Many factors such as the texture orientation, stress state, crystlline size, solid solution strengthening and crystal defect affect the hardness of (Ti,Al,Nb)N.
The droplets almost did not affect the anti-oxidation performanc for the coatings.

The proportion of MTA powder and water is a common factor impacted on the properties of the material in clinical application.
Water-to-powder ratio is one of the main factors influencing the properties of MTA.
The proportion of MTA powder and sterile water is one of the main factors commonly impact on the properties of the material.
Kheirieh, The properties of a new endodontic material, J.
Yap, Comparison of the physical and mechanical properties of MTA and portland cement, J.

The ductile deformation behavior of PLA is an important factor for solid-state PLA foam.
The mechanical properties and foaming behavior of PLA and PLA/beeswax composite was examined, with a particular goal of achieving low foam densities.
Results and discussion Mechanical properties of PLA and PLA/beeswax composites Tensile testing was carried out on a GS-QC-Tester tensile testing machine (model GS-1520) with a crosshead speed of 50 mm/min.
Sorption and foaming properties of PLA and PLA/beeswax composites The CO2 saturation results of 3mm PLA and PLA/beeswax specimens at 2500psi and 1500psi are shown in Figure 2 (a) and 2(b).
Tsuji, Poly(lactic Acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing, and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, 2010 [5] Y.

The losses are due to several factors, including undesired conduction, radiation and convection losses, stack loss (fluegases), and metal loss.
Modifying the design and/or operation of any step in the melting process may affect the subsequent steps.
Loss of these elements will affect the physical/mechanical properties of the castings, leading to increased scrap and waste.
Gases that dissolve into the molten charge from the ambient air, combustion byproducts, and the furnace linings can also affect the final product.

Values of the elastic properties of these materials used in the analysis are listed in Table 1.
Elastic properties of composite constituents [9, 10].
Most fiber materials are highly drawn and are therefore anisotropic in their microstructure and properties.
The actual limiting factors are expected to be the extent that the particles interfere with matrix-fiber adhesion, possibly through conglomeration with them, and local alignment of the particles due to flow during chemical processing under compression.
Tjong, Structural and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites, Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 53 (2006) 73-197.

The elastic and plastic properties of the coating material affect differently the critical indentation depth and therefore the width of the range of the existence of the layered solid hardness within which the effective coating hardness can be determined.
Thus, studying the mechanical properties and the hardness of strengthened surfaces presents researchers with a dilemma.
It is shown that the elastic and plastic properties of the coating material affect differently the critical indentation depth and therefore the width of the range of the existence of the layered solid hardness within which the real coating hardness can be determined.
[4] Voronin N.A., Effect of Coating Thickness and Substrate Material on Mechanical Properties and Carrying Capacity of Hardened Surfaces, in Metody uprochneniya poverkhnostei detalei mashin (Methods of Hardening of Machine Part Surfaces), Moskvitin, G.V, Ed., Moscow: Krasand, 2008
[6] Voronin N.A., Theoretical Model of Elastic-Plastic Indentation of Rigid Sphere (Methodological Basis for Determination of Mechanical Properties of Compact Heterogeneous Materials Indented Kinetically by Spherical Punch), J.

For flat products the requirements on good flatness and surface quality can also be as important as the requirements on mechanical properties but this aspect is not discussed further.
The factors given by Murota et al [5] can be used in most cases.
For higher grade steels more carbon and other alloying additions has to be added for attaining the required mechanical properties.
Alloying content tied up as carbides or nitrides cannot contribute to the hardenability and coarse precipitations can sometimes even cause deterioration of the mechanical properties.
Hence the steel composition and QT parameters can be chosen without a requirement on mechanical properties after stress relieving.

Higher solar absorptance and lower thermal emittance are the key factors for solar collectors.
Factor A (DC Power) Factor B (RF Power) Factor C (Argon Gas Flow Rate) 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 5 2 2 3 6 2 3 1 7 3 1 3 8 3 2 1 9 3 3 2 Based on the process parameters identified for sputtering of metal and dielectric thin films, the experimental plan is prepared so that sputtering process carried out at different conditions to observe effects of these conditions on thin film properties.
Experimental results shown in Table 3 is analyzed to optimize the thin film deposition factors.
Prieto “Mechanical properties of sputtered silicon nitride thin films” Journal of Applied Physics, 2003; 94 (12), 7868-7873
Muralidhar Singh M, Vijay G, Krupashankara M S and R S Kulkarni “Effect of Argon Gas Flow Rate on the Optical and Mechanical Properties of Sputtered Tungsten Thin Film Coatings” Materials Science and Engineering, 2016;149, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/149/1/012075

In marine seawater, the Copper-Nickel alloys possess excellent anticorrosive properties.
A Cu-Ni-Mn alloy possesses excellent thermal and electrical properties [5-6].
Boric acid maintain the pH of the solution and used as catalyst to improve the quality of deposited material Cu-Ni-Mn and it also affect the compositional and morphological properties of Cu-Ni-Mn ternary alloy.
The Copper-Nickel alloys-Engineering properties and applications INCO, p.12, (1981)
The effect of current density on properties of electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel.

The excellent properties of nano materials have attracted the scientists and engineers more towards nano technology.
Nano-sized materials exhibit novel and significant mechanical, electronic, magnetic and optical properties in comparison with larger size particles.
Many researchers [12–16] have prepared heat transfer nanofluids by dispersing the nano sized solid particles in base fluids and studied their heat transport properties and convective heat transfer enhancement.
In aqueous media, the pH of the sample is one of the most important factors that affect its zeta potential.
Wu (2005) Heat transfer properties of nanoparticle-in-fluid dispersions (nanofluids) in laminar flow, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer [16] Dongsheng Zhu , Xinfang Li , Nan Wang , Xianju Wang , Jinwei Gao , Hua Li, Dispersion behavior and thermal conductivity characteristics of Al2O3–H2O nanofluids, Current Applied Physics 9 (2009) 131–139