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Chemical structure and solubility of modified cellulose were examined.
The base cellulose molecule is structure on b-1,4-glycosidic linked glucose units.
Chemical structure and solubility of cellulose laurate were investigated.
Fig.1 The effects of reaction time and temperature Fig.2 Chemical structure of on %WI of corn husk cellulose laurate.
The chemical structure of modified cellulose was characterized by FTIR technique.

The crystal structure and morphology of calcined powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the bulk density of sintered samples was determined by Archimedes method.
The phases composition of sample derived form a sol-gel process are perovskite phase Sr(Fe,Co)1.5Oy along with a little amount of orthorhombic structure phase and SrCO3 [9].
For the sample cincined in Ar, the orthorhombic structure phase Sr4Fe6-xCoxO13+d is the dominant phase along with appreciable amount perovskite phase SrFe1-xCoxO3-d and SrCO3.
The perovskite phase SrFe1-xCoxO3-d is the dominant phase, but the amount of orthorhombic structure phase Sr4Fe6-xCoxO13+d and SrCO3 is very small.
Xu, et al: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids Vol. 72 (2011), p. 50 [3] S.

This study focuses in the synthesis of ceramic pigments based on the crystal structure of willemite (Zn2SiO4).
The advantage of the pigment-based willemite structure, with the addition of cobalt is that it provides a matrix saturation with lower quantities of Co, compared to pigments in the spinel structure CoAl2O4 or olivine (Co2SiO4) [4].
The willemite structure was also used as a basis for obtaining blue pigment using as dopant nickel instead of cobalt.
Figure 3 shows XRD patterns of developed pigments, with the addition of cobalt in substitution for zinc atoms present in the structure of willemite.
Monrós: Chemistry Vol. 2 (2000), p. 93

However, how to optimize sintering behavior of KNN-based ceramics synthesized by conventional solid reaction method and reduce the volatilizationof alkalis elementat high temperature, is not solved well yet.As well known, wet chemistry method is green and feasible for accurate repeat in powder fabrication[21-23].
According to calculated results of lattice parameters, topological structures of the two hydrate KNN template NPs are given in Fig. 5(a) and 5(a), respectively.
Obviously, topological structure for K+/Na+=5/1 is tighter than that for K+/Na+=4/1.
Loose structure of hydrate KNN template NPs for K+/Na+=4/1 results in greater negative pressure along [001] direction with the increase of K+/Na+, and therefore, phase structure turns from R phase into O phase, as shown in Fig. 5(c).
The schematic diagramof grain growth demonstrated by topological structure is presented in Fig. 5(d).

The results indicate that nanofibers were composited by amorphous carbon and face-centered cubic structured Co nanoparticle after sintering.
It can be seen that the surface of the fibers after heat treatment has porous structure, which indicates that PMMA has remarkable pore-forming effect.
It shows that the formation of porous structure effectively enhances the absorption of electromagnetic wave.
The results showed that: with the increase of PMMA ratio, the pore size of the fiber increases gradually, but the stability of the structure becomes worse, which leads to the collapse of the porous structure and decrease of specific surface area.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 2012, 116(16): 9196-9201

In our study, we developed a simple way of forming Ti02 with a porous structure.
A porous structured Ti02 film was then formed.
Even though as-spun fibers formed the fiber structure at electrospinning process.
After calcinations at 450℃ in air, the TiO2 fiber forms a well-defined anatase structure[16,17].
[15] Seong Mu Jo, Mi Yeon Song, Young Rack Ahn, Chong Rae Park, Dong Young Kim: Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Chemistry, Vol. 42(2005), p. 1529

Preparation and Properties of Ce-Zr-Mn Composite Oxide Oxygen-storage Materials Yongqiang Zhou1, a, Dewu Yin 2,b, Xinyu Yang 2,c, Jianghua Ma2,d 1Co11ege of Oujiang, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou ,Zhejiang,325035, China 2Co11ege of Chemistry and Materials Enginnering , Wenzhou University, Wenzhou ,Zhejiang,325035, China aZhouyongqiang66@163.com, bdewuyin@yahoo.com.cn, cyangxinyu13@126.com, dmjh820@163.com Keywords: Mn, Oxygen-Storage Performance, Oxygen-Storage Materials, Co-precipitation Method, Ce-Zr Solid Solution Abstract.
It has single crystalline phase -the solid solution Ce0.45 Zr0.45-x Mn x Y0.1O 1.95 ,which has the cube structure of ZrO2 and contains Mn, Y.
Phase structure in the materials is stable in the aging process.The addition of Mn in the oxygen-storage materials contributes to raise oxygen-storage performance of the materials.
(2) It has single crystalline phase -the solid solution Ce0.45 Zr0.45-x Mn x Y0.1O 1.95 ,which has the cube structure of ZrO2 and contains Mn,Y.
Phase structure in the materials is stable in aging process

Synthesis of ZnO/ MWCNTs Nanostructure via Hydrothermal Method and Its Electrochemical Capacitive Performance Lihua Lu 1,a Liangyu Gong1,b,* College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong 266109, PR China alulihuaqd@sohu.com, blydhny@163.com *corresponding author Keywords: Hydrothermal method, Electrochemical property, ZnO/MWCNTs Abstract.
The excellent net-like hybrid structure and the good conductivity of MWCNTs were considered to be responsible for its preferable electrochemical performances.
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), the reflections at 2 θ values of 31.8°, 34.4°, 36.2°, 47.5°, 56.6°, 62.9° and 69.1°, corresponding to (100), (002), (101), (102), (110), (103) and (112) planes, respectively, are typical for hexagonal ZnO with a zincite structure (JCPDS.36-1451).
The highest specific capacitance of ZnO/ MWCNTs (20 wt.%) may be attributed to the excellent net-like hybrid structure (Fig. 2(c)), which take full advantage of the multiple functionalities by integrating the storage capacity of flowerlike ZnO and the high conductivity of MWCNTs.
Fig.4 The CVs at different scan rates(a) and charge-discharge curves at various discharge currents (b) of the ZnO/MWCNTs (20 wt.%) composite Conclusions ZnO/MWCNTs composites have been fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method, in which the flower-like ZnO particles assembled by ZnO nanorods were entangled by the MWCNTs, resulting in a net-like combined structure.

Whereas the crystallinity and structure of the zinc oxide films were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
According to International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the quantity pH is defined in terms of the activity of hydrogen (1+) ions (hydrogen ions) in solution.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Perkin Elermen 400) was further studied to confirm the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnO films.
This result further satisfied the XRD results that the as deposited thin film has a hexagonal wurtzite structure.
XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed the high crystallinity with a hexagonal wurzite structure of the ZnO films.

A single crystal of ferroelectric 0.88(Bi,Na)TiO3–0.12BaTiO3 (BNT–BT) solid solution with tetragonal P4mm structure was grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method at a high oxygen pressure (PO2) of 0.9 MPa.
The splitting of these peaks can be explained not by the rhombohedral R3c structure but by the tetragonal P4mm structure.
This result demonstrates that BNT–BT (PO2 = 0.9 MPa) crystals have a P4mm tetragonal structure.
According to the phase diagram proposed by Takenaka and coworkers[2], the phase boundary between the R3c and P4mm structures is near x = 0.06–0.07, indicating a BNT–BT with an x value larger than 0.07 to be in the P4mm structure.
According to the defect chemistry, concentration (p) of electron hole (the carrier of the leakage current for BNT–BT) is expressed by p µ [VBi′′′]1/2, where [VBi′′′] denotes Bi-vacancy concentration.