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Due to the different grain sizes between steel and Mg-PSZ powder and because of agglomerates of the Mg-PSZ the transformation effect is lower.
This design of the MMCs is reflected in the character of the measured average number of pores and their average area per unit.
Furthermore, the results show that, the number of pores (Fig. 8) are accompanied with the agglomeration affinity of MMC.
Their arranged length is correlated to the austenite grain size during plastification of the steel matrix (Fig. 9c).
Wood, Investigation of the equivalent plastic strain within a flow formed steel work piece determined by microindentation hardness and grain-shape analysis.

The as-cast structures transformed to dynamically recrystallized grain structures after hot-rolling process in all the alloys.
In as-cast state, Sn addition led to a distinct a-Mg dentritic structure with a great number of interdentritic intermetallics starting from 0.2 wt% to 1 wt% Sn.
Hot-rolling process performed at 350 °C resulted in a fully recrystallized structure in all the alloys and recrystallized grain size gradually decreased as the Sn content increased in AZ31 magnesium alloy.
Dendritic structures transformed to granular structures with homogenization treatment and dynamically recrystallized grain structures were achieved in all the alloys.

Therefore, previous works are coarse-grained analysis.
To address this problem, we will predict aspect rating in fine-grained analysis.
The topic model proposed in this paper work at the sentence level and employs a small number of topics, to automatically infer the aspects.
Algorithm: Aspect Extraction Algorithm Input: A collection of reviews {d1, d2 … d|D|}, subset of explicit aspect EA {A1, A2 …Ak}, vocabulary V, selection threshold p and iteration step limit I Output: Set of whole aspect A {A1…Am} m≥k Step 0: Split the reviews into sentences, X = {x1, x2 …xn}, build a sentiment word list L Step 1: Check each sentence in X; add sentiment words of aspect A to L Step 2: Match the sentiment word SW in each sentence X, record the match number Count (i) Step 3: Assign the sentence an aspect label by ai= argmaxi Count(i) Step 4: Calculate the IG measure of each word in V Step 5: Rank the words under each aspects with respect to their IG value and join the top p words for each aspect into their corresponding aspect keyword list L(A) Step 6: If the aspect keyword list is unchanged or iteration exceeds I, go to Step 7, else go to Step1 Step 7: Output the annotated sentence with aspect assignment After this sub-task, we get implicit aspects.

With increasing the milling time, the lattice parameter increases and the grains size decreases.
The variation of the magnetic properties can only be affected in part by the grain size.
Indeed, the anisotropic Popa model [13, 15, 16] consider a non-spherical grain shape and is suitable for a better estimate of the average crystallite size .
Thus, atomic diffusivity is enhanced through the creation of a large number of structural defects.
Also, this refinement showed a decrease in the average grain size to reach a minimum value of 19 nm.

Typical joint configuration is double V groove weld without clad peel back to minimize the number of passes inside the pipe.
The crack occurred at a dendrite grain boundary and the crack follows the colomnar interdendritic boundaries which indicated that the crack was occurred at the last stage of weld solidification or it can identify as solidification crack [8].
On the other hand, The GTAW and GMAW pulse clad weld showed no sign of cracks and microstructure of weld revealed as equiaxed grains as shown in Fig. 2 b).
It is also possible to reduce cost of production and increase productivity due to the reduction in number of passes and machining requirement of the peel back method.
Mannan, Microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 supperalloy, Journal of Nuclear material 288 (2001) pp. 222-232 [11] Dong Jin Lee, Youn Soo Kim, Yong Taek Shin, Contribution of Precipitate on Migrated Grain Boundaries to Ductility-Dip Cracking in Alloy 625 Weld Joints, KIM and Springer, Vol. 16, No. 5 (2010). pp. 813-817 [12] I.L.W.

The sputtering pressure and the sample number Sample number 1# 2# 3# 4# Power w 45 45 45 45 Time min 10 10 10 10 Pressure Pa 0.35 0.45 0.55 0.65 Temperature ℃ 20 20 20 20 Table 2.
The sputtering power and the sample number Sample number 5# 6# 7# 8# Power w 35 45 55 65 Time min 10 10 10 10 Pressure Pa 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 Temperature ℃ 20 20 20 20 Table 3.
The O2 pressure and the sample number Sample number 9# 10# 11# 12# Power w 45 45 45 45 Time min 10 10 10 10 Pressure Pa 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 O2 pressure % 0 14.3 25 33.3 Table 4.
The annealing temperature and the sample number Sample number 13# 14# 15# 16# Power w 45 45 45 45 Time min 10 18 26 34 Pressure Pa 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 Annealing temperature ℃ 300 400 500 600 1.2Test process of the sample The sample transmittance was measured by the Lamnda900 UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy in China Academy of Space Technology.
The growth of the crystallization and grain size can weaken the grain boundary scattering and improve the mobility of carriers, thus the resistivity deteriorates gradually.

Lippold et. all [10] sulphur and phosphor were well known as harmful elements that led to hot cracking due to its segregation along fusion zone grain boundaries and promoting low melting eutectic phase so that impurities content should be reduced b.
Resulted from that solidification the grain boundary contained a mixture of ferrite and austenite that prevented liquid film wetting.
Further reduction of Creq/Nieq ratio led to reduction of ferrite number and changed the morphology of ferrite to mix of skeletal and partly lathy ferrite in the microstructure.
Decreasing of ferrite number to FN 2 significantly increased the lateral expansion and its impact strength. 2.
Pitting corrosion resistance could be improved in the presence of relatively low ferrite number which about FN 2 in 308L weld metal.

In the CVD, a number of compounds have been used as the source of silicon, including SiCl4, SiCl2H2, SiH4, Si2Cl6 etc.
The oxidation time in hours was calculated by multiplying the number of cycles by 12.
It is composed of transformed β(Ti) grains (mixture of α and β titanium) and silicide Ti5Si3 which is located primarily on the grain boundaries and in a small portion also in the form of separated particles inside the grains.

It is also noticed that a number of sub-grain boundaries may have been developed through the friction induced ductile deformation, and some of these sub-grain boundaries became the preferred sites for micro-crack initiation, as noticed in the TEM examination.
In Fig. 3(b), it is noted that a large number of dark lined phases disperse inside Si, whereas the Si is absolutely clean on the polished surface before braking tests (see Fig. 1(a)).
Whenever no longer enough freedom available, e.g. a thick SiC layer, further gliding of dislocations might become difficult, and pileing-up of the dilocations could happen, which likely lead to the development of sub-grain boundaries (Fig. 2(b)) or microscracks.

In two steps casting processing, with the increase of mechanical stirring time, distribution of SiC particles gradually tend to be uniform, when the mixing time was 30 min, SiC particles has basically evenly dispersed in the matrix, but there were a number of pores and loose, these pores and loose seriously weaken the performance, continue to increase the stirring time just increase the stomata and loose.
Cavitation bubbles absorb large quantity of heat from surrounding melt, form local supercooling, result many crystal nucleus formation, this increase the nucleation rate, decrease dendrite arm spacing, promote liquid feeding, thus inhibit the formation of microporosity; Scholars R.C.Y.Chow thought cavitation bubbles collapsed produced high temperature and high pressure wave [4], the strong shock wave will break or fuse dendrite which is growing up, this also is helpful for feeding body and reducing the formation of microporosity; In the process of the melt solidification, when solidification shrinkage cause slight and shrinkage cavity .Shrinkage cavity wall will be adhered by large number of tiny air bubbles which prevents the liquid feeding.
Ultrasonic cavitation effect on the grain refinement.
Roy thought [5] grain refinement made porosity distribution uniform and narrowing.
Supercooled melt can attach on these particle growth, and effectively inhibits the growth of dendrites, thus we can get fine grains.