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If a pore-blocking agent, such as BaO, is present in the ceramic, melt infiltration and ceramic reduction rate can be suppressed.
Ceramic reduction results in free Ba and Si that diffuse towards the metallic phase and provide the interface with some intermetallic nuclei.
Effenberg: Ternary alloys, acomprehensive compendium of evaluated constitutional data and phase diagrams, Weinheim (1988). ) jmf@cv.ua.pt; Fax: 00351-234425300

Every data of primary silicon size was measured from the image of 5 pieces photographs taken 100 magnifications by a computer image analyzer.
Modification procedure Retained Ca content* Ca reduction 4 CuCl2 treatments 5ppm Ca Ca reduction 1 CuCl2 treatments 16ppm Ca Non treatment As received from ingot 34ppm Ca Ca addition Addition of Al-Ca master alloy 140ppm Ca *Measured by ICP method from test specimen Discussion To observe the effect of calcium content on refining primary silicon, calcium content was changed as shown in Table 1.

First of all the elastic modulus of the material can decrease; moreover the cross sectional area of the whole bar can be reduced (e.g. because of homogeneous corrosion inside pipes); finally, the presence of cracks or local corrosion can determine a reduction of the area only in some sections.
Finally, along bar 9-10 there is a localized crack (that is modeled as a reduction to MNAE ee 50= on 1/8 of the length).
Onipede: Damage assessment of structures using static test data, AIAA Journal 29 (7), 1991, 1174-1179

The reduction in magnitude of the beneficial compressive residual stress at the bore is attributed to the reverse yielding near the bore while unloading the autofrettage pressure [2].
Several investigators have acknowledged the significant influence of the Bauschinger effect on the residual stress distribution of the autofrettaged tube since the tube material showed considerable amount of yield strength reduction in compression as a result of prior tensile plastic strain [3, 4].
The calculated residual stress distribution of the 70%OS tube showed a good agreement with the experimentally measured data.

Although the traditional mechanical connection (riveting and bolt connection) has the advantages of high strength and good reliability，stress concentration which leading to the reduction of structure strength would always existing.
Interface delamination and cracks will not only reduce the strength of composite materials, but also lead to the reduction of the flexure strength.
Every 3 data in one group, then calculate the average value.

And the particularity of ingredients led to the performance of green ball pellets unstable and pellet reduction swelling problem rising.
The newly introduced Mongolian concentrate can effectively reduce the production costs, but the basic data of the concentrate less for pellet production are scanty.
EFFECTS OF K, Na, F, Ca ON THE SWELLING OF PELLETS DURING REDUCTION.

Mechanical property Araldite® 2015 Al 7075-T6 Elastic modulus, E [GPa] 2 70 Poisson’s ratio, ν 0.33* 0.33 Tensile yield strength, σy [MPa] 14.4 448 Tensile failure strength, σf [MPa] 24.9 527 * manufacturer’s data Fig. 1.
Result and Discussion It is worth mentioning that the local moments on both ends of adhesive layer result the peel and cleavage stresses which can lead to reduction of adhesive joints strength.
Therefore, presence of local compressive/tensile stresses at critical points of bond line reduces/increase the peak values of peel stress and shear stress in adhesive layer which leads to enhancement/reduction of load bearing of the joint.

The steps in Pt/Co graphite electrode preparation process were as degreasing, coarsening, sensitization, activation, reduction, plating, drying, vacuum ion plating and packaging in turn [6-7].
Data showed that Co/ graphite oxidation peak potential was far lower than Pt / graphite.
However, the weak reduction peak of Pt / Co graphite electrode may be attributed to the addition of Co which decrease the adsorption intensity of COads on Pt surface and make the secondary product peak decrease.

And the related data from analytical and experimental studies of specimens, WX-1 and WX-2, are also compared in Table 3.
(2) The opening of the wall decreases its lateral load capacity to the degree that the reduction of its load capacity is much greater than the reduction of its net horizontal section

Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that H+ ions in the system adsorbed on the (010) facets, leading to the marked reduction in surface energy of these facets.
Xi, Decorating hierarchical Bi2MoO6 microspheres with uniformly dispersed ultrafine Ag nanoparticles by an in situ reduction process for enhanced visible light-induced photocatalysis, Colloid.
Data, PA 19073-3273, U.S.A., (2001)