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Moreover, no other materials are brought in.
Lamination with fugitive materials[10], lamination with sacrificial materials[10-12] and lamination with inserts[7,10,13] are the most widely used methods.
Therefore, the properties of the additional applied materials are very important to these improved techniques.
The additional applied materials that commonly used are detailed shown in Table 1.
Golonka: Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences.Vol.54 (2006), p. 221–231 [4] T.Thelemann, H.Thust and M.Hintz: Microelectronics International.

Hydrazine hydrate reduction to prepare graphene-silver nano composite materials.
Glucose reduction to prepare graphene-silver nano composite materials.
Materials Review. 25 (2011) 17-18
Journal of electron microscopy. 6 (2011) 187-188
Journal of Inorganic Materials. 27 (2012) 2-6.

Composite Materials Handbook.
Composite Material: Science and Engineering.
Construction and Bulding Materials 34 (2012) 476 – 485
Material Science and Engineering.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 199 (2008) 417-424

A high roughness material is preferable for gas sensor applications since it provides a high surface to volume ratio which can enhance the chemical active area of the film [19].
Special thanks also to NANO-SciTech Centre, Institute of Science (IOS), UiTM for laboratory facilities.
[3] D.R.Sahu, "Properties of doped ZnO thin films grown by simultaneous dc and RF magnetron sputtering," Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 171, pp. 99-103, 2010
[13] H.B.Sun, Z.C.Sun, and C.S.Xue, "The Influence of Annealing Temperature on ZnO Thin Films by Oxidating Zinc Films Deposited with Magnetron Sputtering," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 463, pp. 624-628, 2012
Kang, I.Yun, and S.Y.Lee, "Annealing effect on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin film on InP," Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 102, pp. 366-369, 2003

Two materials and 6 types of specimens were subjected to blast loading.
Construction and Building Materials 94: 536-546
Construction and Building Materials 120: 54-64
Development of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Against Blasts: From Materials to Structures.
Inertial effect on concrete-like materials under dynamic direct tension.

Materials and methods Sample preparation.
The flexural strength was measured using a universal materials testing machine (Shimadzu AGS-X, Japan) at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min.
Engqvist, H., The effect of composition on mechanical properties of brushite cements, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 29 (2014) 81-90
Lumley, The flexural properties of endodontic post materials, 26 (2010) 730–736
Quinn, A practical and systematic review of Weibull statistics for reporting strengths of dental materials, Dental Materials, 26 (2009) 135-147

Undesirable deformations that occur by bending channel materials with a removed tensile flange include both the outward and inward deformations of the webs.
Introduction Extruded aluminum alloys are generally subjected to bending during the second stage of processing, and are then widely used as lightweight construction materials, space frames for automobiles, waveguides for the components of telecommunication devices, and in recent years, components that support the batteries in electric cars.
This paper proposes the formation of a cross-sectional shape that is achieved by press bending through its application to commercially available aluminum alloy channel materials, which is treated as a primary process as the fundamental study[4]-[6].
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the 2011 Science Research Grant by the Suzuki Foundation as the funding source for this study.
Sakaki, Countermeasures Against Undesirable Phenomena in The Draw-Bending Process for Extruded Square Tubes, Journal of Material Processing Technology, 123 (2002) 264-269

Noebe, High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys, International Materials Reviews 55 (2010) 257-315
Adiguzel, Smart Materials and the Influence of Atom Sizes on Martensite Microstructures in Copper-Based Shape Memory Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 185 (2007) 120-124
Romero, Calorimetry in Cu–Zn–Al alloys under different structural and microstructural conditions, Materials Science and Engineering A 282 (2000) 16-22 [8] Z.
Paidar, Shuffling in Displacive Phase Transformations, Materials Science and Engineering A 481–482 (2008) 243-246
Adiguzel, Long-Term Ageing Behaviour of Martensite in Shape Memory Cu–Al–Ni Alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology153-154 (2004) 164-169.

The results have also been analyzed and discussed, which provided a deeper view for the fracture characteristics of the materials and could be used to guide further researches and practical engineering design.
Wang have done the research for the maximum load and its deflection and stiffness for the 3PBS of brittle materials [4].
Future researches are under processing, such as different materials are under testing for different applications and different types of geometries for the 3PBS would also be considered both for theoretical study and simulations.
Wang, "Maximum load and its deflection and stiffness for three-point bending specimens of brittle materials", Journal of Sichang University (Engineering Science edition), Vol. 37 (2005), p. 1-5 [5] X.
Wang, "Thee-point micro-bend size effects for pure Ni foils", Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, vol. 39 (2007), p. 479-485 [6] T.

Journal of materials science. 2005; 40: 4421-4429
Journal of applied polymer science. 2002; 84: 2222-2234
Materials and design. 2012; 40: 378-385
Materials letters. 2007: 61: 2023-2025
Journal of hazard materials. 2007: 144: 730-735.