Search results

Experimental data seem good with all tested models, and best with the Redlich-Peterson model.
The linear pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied for the analysis of kinetic data.
In evaluating the kinetic parameters for metal uptake by AICFB, the two models were tested to analyze the experimental data.
The nonlinear curve fittings of the three models (Fig. 7), and Table 2 revealed that the data could be fitted into all the models well with greater than 0.99.
Equilibrium isotherm data were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson (three parameters) models, and data were well described by all.

The consequence is local debonding of the matrix from the reinforcement particles, which leads to an irreversible reduction of the thermal conductivity after multiple heating cycles.
Increasing compressive stresses during temperature increase are expected to generate creep deformation in the aluminum which leads to a reduction of the void volume fraction.
The voids in this size range could be identified and finally their volume fraction at different temperatures could be calculated from the data sets.
The void volume fraction decreases to 0.04 vol% resulting in a reduction of the CTE in this region.

Abstract Aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloys are of interest to the aerospace and aeronautical industries as rising fuel costs and increasing environmental restrictions are promoting reductions in vehicle weight.
Introduction Aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloys are of great interest to the aerospace and aeronautical industries, as rising fuel costs and increasing environmental restrictions are promoting reductions in vehicle weight with corresponding increases in payload capacity.
This enables the reduction of background current, and ultimately heat-input, while increasing the material transfer rate.
Furthermore, applying a linear regression to the data allows for the estimation of the approximate heat-input required to induce complete lithium burnout during welding, ~14kJ/in.

Because the data after ADC is in intermediate frequency, sampling rate can be very high, and the data rate after mixing is the same with sampling rate.
If use the FIR filter to complete it directly, it can never achieve that high data rate.
Therefore, the signal after mixed must go through CIC filter and HB filter, so as to reduce the data rate, finally use the FIR filter.
Extraction factor after the processing of HB filter was fixed at 2, so it’s especially suitable for reducing data rate by half.
Fig.2 The structure of CIC filter After the extraction of CIC and HB filter, data rate has been reduced to 1/10 of the original.

Desired epitaxial layers have doping levels > 5x1018 cm -3, epitaxial surface roughness <10 nm on a 20x20 m area and overall micropipe density reduction.
This data is summarized in Table 1.
C/Si ratio N2 flow Doping Concentration (cm-3) CV Eddy High Low 1.4x1018 1.6x1018 High High N/A 7 x1018 Low Low 9 x1017 2 x1018 Low High N/A 9 x1018 Surface Roughness (nm) Area C/Si 2x2 20x20 Low High Low High 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Boxplot of Surfacce Roughness vs Scan area & C/Si Figure1: Surface roughness data vs C/Si ratio for 2 scan areas.

Sample Data Acquisition and Processing.
The sample data acquisition and processing including sources of initial data samples, determination of input and output, design of the total sample network and pretreatment of input and output data.
Sources of Initial Data Samples.
Finally, 224 sets of data were selected as the training sample set, 96 sets of data as the test sample set.
Pretreatment of Input and Output Data.

This constraint, coupled with the requirement of lightening imposed by the reduction of fuel consumption, forces to increase the characteristics of resistance to fatigue of materials, in particular of forged steels [1].
To evaluate and correct all geometrical aberrations a complete modelling of the measurement we therefore developed. 17 ΨΨΨΨ incidences 29,3°< ΨΨΨΨ<+29.3° Inclination 35° Crankpin Fillet with mask Collimating slit // fillet 0.25x3mm 17 ΨΨΨΨ incidences 29,3°< ΨΨΨΨ<+29.3° Inclination 35° Crankpin Fillet with mask Collimating slit // fillet 0.25x3mm Figure 5: X-ray experimental setup A mask O A' Shadowing effect Non irradiated area + reduction of intensity Under estimated stresses Fictive shear stresses Intensity Incidence Error for ψ=30° Shift of the Beam centre at A' X-ray beam for ψ=0° X-ray beam for ψ=30° A mask O A' Shadowing effect Non irradiated area + reduction of intensity Non irradiated area + reduction of intensity Under estimated stresses Fictive shear stresses IntensityIntensity Incidence Error for ψ=30° Shift of the Beam centre at A' X-ray beam for ψ=0° X-ray beam for ψ=30° Figure 6: Modelling of
To solve this problem a theoretical model was developed which permit to correct, as well as possible, the optical aberration existing in the acquired data.

Based on knowledge of microstructure, experimental data are compared to analytical models and the root mechanisms of residual stress generation are discussed.
Maximum crystallite size increases strongly with thickness reduction.
Moreover, the amplitude of the abnormal grain growth increases with the reduction of the film thickness.
All these remarks suggest that for 0.4 µm films, additional mechanisms of stress relaxation occur and enhance with the thickness reduction.
On the other hand, the abnormal grain growth minimizing strain energy and so the development of {100} fiber texture is promoted by film thickness reduction and annealing temperature increase.

The use of hydrogen as a temporary alloying element can offer additional benefits to powder-based processing of Ti aluminides, such as enhanced powder refinement and milling efficiency, and reduction of oxygen contamination during milling and sintering.
Ti, TiH2 and Al, were first analysed by XRD and the data was refined using the Rietveld analysis.
The broader diffraction peaks of the free powder with reduction in the intensities may signal the on-set of amorphisation of the powder.
It is assumed that the grain size reduction effects result in Lorentzian peak broadening, whereas peak broadening due to the microstrain effects is Gaussian, as justified theoretically and experimentally [7, 8].
A volume contraction of - 5.8 % was obtained in comparison with pure Ti, which is associated with a reduction in the atomic radius, rAl=1.43 < rTi=1.45 Å and a negative volume of mixing.

DIN 22101 [4] indicates that reducing the belt speed and thereby maximizing belt loads always lead to a certain reduction of the required electrical drive power.
However, an overall reduction of the required electrical power is expected due to the low belt speed.
Further, the conveyor drive and belt speed can be controlled by the alternation of drive frequency, towards the reduction of required electrical power.
In order to avoid unnecessary and harmful acceleration and deceleration of belt conveyors during extreme load (e.g.peak load), the material loading situation can be represented by analyzing the standardized mean values of measured data.
A., scenario indicates that the material flow is in lower part of range , compared to the scenario, so that the reduction of belt speed is required for maximum loading on the belt.