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The train speed is 350km/h.The two regions are connected by interface to exchange data.
Figure 5 shows the center of reduction.
Fig. 5 Center of reduction Fig. 6 Direction of the aerodynamic force As the compression waves and expansion waves transferring repeatedly, making the variation of aerodynamic drag of the first and last cars of the train is more complicated in tunnel.
When the pressure reaches the minimum value, the first car reaches the maximum drag reduction.
Vehicle Dynamics Calculation of High-speed Trains Applying the aerodynamic force to the center of reduction and solving the vehicle dynamics Eq. 2 using numerical methods, we can get the dynamics characteristics of the train excited by railway track irregularity and aerodynamic force.

Basic methods for pollutant emission reduction generally rely on two different types of measures [2].
Wang[6] investigated the application of the miller cycle concept to reduce engine exhaust gas emissions and found that significant NOx reductions could be achieved, albeit with a penalty in engine fuel consumption.
Fig.5 The cylinder grid model The practicability of the calculation has been proved by making a comparison between simulation results and the measured data of the engine.
Results also show apparently reduction on SOOT emission with the increase proportion of ethanol.
An experimental investigation of NOx emission reduction from automotive engine using the miller cycle[C].

Surgical treatment included open reduction and fragment fixation by coronal approach, in 11 patients or access through preexisting forehead lacerations, in 3 patients.
After complete exposure, fracture reduction was made by pulling the bone fragments back.
CT scans verified anatomic reduction and osteosyntesis [22].
CT scans revealed correct bone fragment reduction and osteosynthesis, and good restauration of the bony contour in the frontal area.
Data regarding persistent pain, wound infection, mucocele formation, meningitis, osteomyelitis, pneumocephalus and cerebral abscesses were recorded.

m [kg] c [Ns/m] k1 [N/m] k2 [N/m2] k3 [N/m3] Value 0.078 0.50 2.2 × 103 4.9 × 105 8.1 × 107 To generate the data to identify the Volterra model of the Duffing oscillator, the motion equation was integrated using the Newmark method [12] with the Newton-Raphson procedure.
Case Description 1 Reduction of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% in k1 2 Reduction of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% in k2 3 Reduction of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% in k3 4 ∆ = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] [mm] With the modified parameters simulating unknown structural conditions, the responses to a chirp excitation from 1 to 200 Hz with amplitude of 0.6 N were obtained through Newmark method.
Fig 5 shows the comparison between the output signals of the unknown state and the predicted by the reference model for a reduction of 10% in k3.

The development of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cutting technology and its extensive application has promoted because of the requirement for the reduction associated with cutting fluids and the restrictions on the use of dry machining [3].
Tool wear and surface roughness were all affected beneficially under MQL conditions through reduction in the cutting zone temperature and favorable change in the chip-tool and work-tool interaction.
The cutting data is given in Table 1.
Based on the reduction in rate of flank wear growth, the tool life would be much higher if MQL is applied.
Moreover, due to reduction of the temperature of machined surfaces, adhesion levels were reduced and surface roughness obtained with MQL was much better than that achieved by wet and dry machining as can be seen in Fig.8.

The reduction of bearing capacity of the pile group depends on the shape, size, spacing, and length of the piles in the group.
No such a reduction of bearing capacity due to group effect occurs for end-bearing piles.
(2) Calculating method recommended by the Code of Pile Foundation in Port Engineering According to the Code of Pile Foundation in Port Engineering [8], for a high-rise pile grid, the bearing capacity of pile group is the summation of the bearing capacity of individual piles by multiplying a reduction factor .
The reduction factor can be calculated as follows:
With the data in Table 1, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile group with grouping effect can be obtained: Pu = 2×38.44 + 2×1.0×17.17 = 111.22 MN The factors of safety in the two states have been calculated and shown in Table 3.

Owing to microbial communities with different characteristics for nitrate and nitrite reduction, nitrite accumulation was observed in denitrification and inhibited the whole denitrification process [8].
Since nitrite is served as the electron acceptor in the anammox reaction, if the denitrifying bacteria have potential anammox activity, the nitrite produced via denitrification would be utilized rapidly, which would improve the nitrate reduction rate significantly.
Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
The strain was tested positive for urease, catalase, nitrate reduction, and oxidase tests while liquefaction of gelatin, V.P, H2S production, and starch hydrolysis were negative.
Different carbon sources offered different number of electrons due to their oxidation-reduction potentials.

The finer particle size and distribution more diffuse of Al3Zr particles reduced recrystallization during hot rolling and solution heat treatment, improving the tensile properties of the as-aged sample. 1 Introduction Li is the lightest metal in nature, and each 1% (mass fraction) boost of Li content in aluminum alloy contributes to about 3% density reduction and about 5%~6% elastic modulus increase.
The Al-3.55Cu-1.51Li-0.11Zr alloy ingots were hot-rolled at 400 °C to 4 mm in thickness at the same rolling speed and pass reduction.
Therefore, alloy hardness does not appear obvious reduction in a certain period of time.
The strength and elongation data for the alloy after T6 peaked aging is shown in Fig. 3.
Compared with the single stage homogenization, the reduction of the recrystallization effect is more obvious by the smaller size and dispersed Al3Zr particles precipitated by the double-stage homogenization. 3) Due to the Al3Zr pinning grain boundary formed a lot of subgrains, subgrain boundaries provide more second-phase particle nucleation particle.

According to real-time data of Environmental Monitoring Center, as of February 2014, the national haze affected area has more than 1.43 million square kilometers, whether from the Northeast China to North China or Central China to East China all prevalent serious air pollution.
Figure 4, in the particle size range of less than 0.2μm (200nm), E10 ethanol gasoline reduction rate of particle number density distribution is approximately multinomial distribution correspond to regular gasoline fuel.
After 0.2μm, the distribution of the reduction rate is approximately logarithmic distribution, the reduction rate increases when particle size is bigger; however, the increase rate gradually decreases.
The reduction rate is 50% when bigger than 3.1μm.

It is known that the interaction effects between adjacent structures can cause either magnification or reduction of the earthquake energy, based on the specific reflections and refractions of the incoming seismic waves.
In this research, by developing some generic RC frame models supporting on flexible foundations, effects of stiffness and strength of the structure on force reduction factors are evaluated for different relative stiffnesses between the structure and the supporting soil.
The results indicated that the foundation flexibility could significantly change the response reduction factors of the system and neglecting this phenomenon may lead to erroneous conclusions in the prediction of seismic performance of flexibly supported RC.
These mode shapes are used to uncouple the equation of motion, which typically leads to a reduction of the overall solution effort.
The following Table 3 shows the data of node and element from the first floor.