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Testing and Evaluation on the Chloride Ion Penetrability of Concrete under Compressive Stress Yuchuan Jiang1,2,a, Da Huo 1, Haiwen Teng1, Jine Xu2,b 1College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P.R.China 2 China Building Material & Certification Group Co.
But concrete is often subjected to various loads in practical engineering, and there are cracks or macro-cracks always caused by various factors in concrete.
It will provide more accurate basis for durability design and life prediction of concrete engineering.
[3] Zhidong Wu, Research of chloride ion penetrability of polypropylene fiber concrete under loads, Western Exploration Engineering.
Huo, Chloride ion diffusion coefficient model of R.C. elements under multiple factors, Journal of Civil, Architectural ＆ Environmental Engineering. 33 (2011) 12-16

Chen4,d 1,2,3,4,Department of Civil Engineering National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung Taiwan 912.
Therefore, the engineers can select and adjust the asphalt content based on their personal experiences, environmental, and design conditions, without deviating the following principles: 1.
Reference [1] Liang Chou-Fu, Study on Life Cycle Assessment of Asphalt Concrete Production, Master's thesis, Department of Environmental Engineering, DaYen University, (2005) [2] Chui-Te Chiu, Study on Domestic Graduation of Concrete Aggregate.
Symposium on the 9th National Conference on Pavement Engineering Page 31-41, (1997) [3] Lin, J.
Mix Design and Principles of Asphalt Concrete, Scientific & Technical Publishing Co., Ltd , (1985) [4] Yu-Chih Sung, Analyses of Color Changes on Colored Flexible Pavements, Master's thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, (2007) [5] Kaohsiung City Government, Construction Specification for Concrete Surface Course of Hot-mix Colored Mixture, (2006) [6] Deng-Hong Lin, Ming-Chin Yeh, Chi-Chou Liao.

Dynamic stability analysis of steel concrete composite of ribbed shell under stepped loads YuZhen Chang1, a, YongGang Kang2, b 1 Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an China, Xi’an, shaanxi, 710055, China 2The Key Laboratory of Contemporary Design and Integrated Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Mechatronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, P.O.Box 409, Xi’an, shaanxi, 710072, China achangyz@xauat.edu.cn, bkangyonggang@nwpu.edu.cn Keywords: stepped load; composite ribbed shell; parameter analysis; ultimate bearing capacity; failure mechanism.
This analysis is very useful for the research of dynamic strength properties and dynamic stability, and it is very important to both theoretical and engineering research.
“Analysis of the most unfavorable simple dynamic loads for single-layer spherical latticed shells”.Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Vol.24 No.2 p.13-18. 2007
Earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration.

Synthesis of SiO2-PCE Core-Shell Nanoparticles and its Modification Effects on Cement Hydration GU Yue1,2*, RAN Qian-Ping2,3, SHU Xin2,3, YU Cheng2,3, CHANG Honglei1,2, Lv Kai1,2 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, NanJing 210008,China 2Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China 3 State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, NanJing 210008,China Keywords: NanoSiO2; Surface modification; Core-shell nanoparticles; Stability of solution; cement hydration Abstract.
Introduction Concrete remains the best choice for engineers in construction materials owing to its remarkable features like low cost, abundant raw ingredients, easily mold-ability to various shapes [1].
Many nanoparticles have been investigated by civil engineering materials researcher, such as nanoTiO2 [7], nanoCaCO3 [8, 9], nanoSiO2 [10], nanoclay and etc.
Organic-inorganic composite materials have been extensively studied for a long time in chemistry engineering [12].

[2] B L Rajput, Mohammed Ali Hussain, “Time and Cost Comparison of Construction of RCC, Steel and Composite Structure Building”, The IUP Journal of Structural Engineering,IJSE41310 (2013) [3] A A.
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 4, Part -1, (2015) 59-64
Howale , Anil K.Gupta,” Infill Wall System, an Alternative to Conventional bricks”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) (2009) , ISSN: 2278-1684, PP: 15-18
[8] Rafiq Ahmad1 , Mohammad Iqbal Malik , “Brick Masonry and Hollow Concrete Block Masonry – A Comparative Study” International Journal Of Civil And Structural Engineering Research, Vol. 1, Issue 1, (October 2013) pp14-21 [9] B.
Samer, “Towards the implementation of the Green Building concept in agricultural buildings”, a literature review CIGR Journal , Vol. 15, No.2 25, (July 2013) [12] Swetha madhusudanan, Lilly Rose amirtham, “Sustainable building materials and materials for energy efficiency “, Trans tech publications, ISBN-13:978-3-03835-490-1, periodical of Key engineering materials vol.650, (2015).

Analyzing the Combined Effects of Axial Loads and Bending Moments on Unequal-Angle Steel Members Wei-Ting Hsu1,a* and Shu-Ti Chung2,b 1Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Construction Engineering at Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 2PhD Student, Department of Civil and Construction Engineering at Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C awthsu@cyut.edu.tw, bshuti.annie@gmail.com Keywords: unequal angle, slender elements, width-to-thickness ratio, Leg Local Buckling, compact section.
This complexity makes it challenging for engineers to use.
Journal of Structural Engineering Vol. 146 (2020), 04020263 [5] M.
Advanced Engineering Sciences Vol. 45 (2013), p. 74 [8] S.

Justification of the Dynamics of Extra-Project Loads on Building Structures NALYSKO Mykola1,a*, MAKHINKO Anna1,b, SOPILNIAK Artem1,c, CHEBERIACHKO Yurii2,d 1Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture,24-a, Architect Oleh Petrov Str., Dnipro, 49600 2Dnipro University of Technology, 19, av.
Explosive loads in this standard are classified as special types, and their value is proposed to be determined by industry recommendations, namely DBN B.2.2-5-2023 "Protective structures of civil protection".
It is known that universal software systems of numerical analysis, such as ANSYS (finite element method), can be used to determine the specified off-design dynamic loads, but it is not always possible to shuffle them, therefore the development of engineering methods for predicting off-design dynamic loads is an urgent task [6].
To date, the existing methods of engineering calculation of the explosive action of a charge of a condensed substance only provide an opportunity to establish the value of excess pressure in the front of an air shock wave at some distance from the epicenter of the explosion without taking into account its change over time (3).
Construction, materials science, mechanical engineering.

Steel Arch Stabilized by a Textile Membrane SVOBODA Ondrej1,a *, MACHACEK Josef1,b 1Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic aondrej.svoboda.4@fsv.cvut.cz, bmachacek@fsv.cvut.cz Keywords: arch stability; experimental testing; membrane structure; nonlinear analysis; parametrical study; supporting structure; textile membrane; Abstract: A slender steel arch supporting textile membranes in a complex membrane structure with respect to in-plane and out-of plane stability is investigated.
Both in-plane and out-of-plane buckling of a free fixed arch or arch continuously supported along its length by double-sided membranes were investigated in Central laboratory of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of CTU in Prague.
References [1] Linkwitz, K, About Formfinding of Double-Curved Structures, Engineering Structures (1999), ISSN 0141-0296, Vol. 21, No 8, pp. 709-718
[5] ixForten 4000. http://www.ixforten.com/ [6] SOFiSTiK AG. http://www.sofistik.com/ [7] Rhino Membrane. http://www.membranes24.com/rhino-membrane.html [8] membrane NDN software. http://www.ndnsoftware.com/ [9] Wakefield, DS, Engineering Analysis of Tension Structures: Theory and Practice, Engineering Structures (1999), ISSN 0141-0296, Vol. 21, No 8, pp. 680-690

Effect of natural fiber hornification on the fiber matrix interface in cement based composite systems Saulo Rocha Ferreira1, Flávio de Andrade Silva2, Paulo Roberto Lopes Lima3, Romildo Dias Toledo Filho1, 1Civil Engineering Department, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O.
Box 68506 – 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil. 2Department of Civil Engineering, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marques de São Vicente 225, 22453-900 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil 3Technology Department, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av.
Materials Science and Engineering A 2009;516:90-95. ].
Master dissertation, Civil and environmental Engineering Department, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brasil, 2012 (in portuguese). ].
Key Engineering Materials Vol. 634 (2015) pp 410-420 ].

Analysis of wind load effect on the roof of low-rise building in the mountain Terrain` Xingqian Peng , Linglin Shi College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 381021,China Keywords: the mountain terrain, the low-rise building, wind load on roof, CFD, characteristics of wind field Abstract: The wind conditions of the low-rise building in the mountain terrain are different because they have the characteristics of different landforms.
Viewed as a whole, its destruction often starts from superficial enclosure system, particularly from the destruction of roof system[4-5].Therefore, though the study of roof wind load of the low-rise housing in the mountain terrain, it’s worth revealing the characteristics of wind field, the wind pressure distribution of roof, and the effects of wind directions and mountain altitudes to roof wind pressure, in order to guide engineering practice.
[6] Tetsuro Tamura,Azuma Okuno,Yohei Sugio.LES analysis of turbulent boundary layer over 3D steep hill covered with vegetation[J].Journal Of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerogynamics(95).2007.1463-1475
An Engineering Simulation Model of Airflow over Mountain[J].
China Civil Engineering Journal. 2008.41(6): 9-13