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Because of these, it is difficult to deformation in the initial stage of compressive, so its initial cushioning properties is poor.
So in this local stage the cushioning properties of RHP are better than HHP.
The height of RHP is little influence on its cushioning properties.
In contrast, the cell-wall length is an important factor to influence the compression properties, with the increasing of the cell-wall length, the critical load of RHP will reduce obviously.
In-depth study on the mechanical behavior, such as edgewise compressive strength, creasing and folding property, and dynamic cushioning property and so on, will be essential before widely applying the newly developed rhombic honeycomb paperboard.

Introduction Economic and environmental issues are the main factors driving the quest for alternative energy sources today.
Cerium-based additives such as Cerium oxide (CeO2) are easy to synthesise and have catalytic properties [22].
Relevant properties of modified diesel were measured using appropriate American Standard Test Methods (ASTM) standards.
Load was found to be the main factor affecting exhaust gas temperature with 96.13% contribution, while that of biogas flow rate was 2.49%.
Load is the main factor affecting overall equivalence ratio with 88.66% contribution.

Various types of heat treatment processes are used to change the following properties or conditions of the steel: Improve the toughness, Increase the hardness, Increase the ductility, Improve the machinability, Refine the grain structure, Remove the residual stresses, Improve the wear resistance.
The advantages of laser hardening over the conventional technologies can be summarized as follows · Selective areas can be hardened without affecting the surrounding material and time saving by no heating-up or soaking time is required · Treatment depth is accurately controlled and highly reproducible · Superior hardness, strength, lubrication, wear and fatigue properties can be obtained compared to conventional processes without external quenching
Friedrich Bachmann hardened the torsion spring over 170° and depth 0.2-0.4 mm by two diode lasers, the rest of the component was not affected by the process.
With the new laser beam hardening the quality assurance of several important bottom roller quality factors have been improved.Fig.6 shows the hardness increases with the increase in laser power.The increase in the laser power preheating of the surface just ahead of scanning,which result in more penetration and a width of the trace.
One other factor is that during a stop in the production, the power for the heating is zero while a conventional furnace must be held at the correct temperature during the stop.

Material selection is one of the crucial stages in design and development process which depend on various physical, mechanical and manufacturing properties.
Factors such as low weight, cost effectiveness, environment friendly, renewable, biodegradable, recyclable and carbon credit gain has encouraged industries and nation to use natural fibre [8, 9].
Improper choice of material can negatively affect productivity, profitability and results in customer dissatisfaction [14, 15].
Kalibar, A study of the mechanical properties of steel / aluminium / GRP laminates, Materials Science and Engineering A. 412 (2005) 137–140
Santulli, The fracture properties of environmental-friendly fiber metal laminates, Journal of Reinforced Plastic Composite. 30 (2011) 499–508

The spot welding process is a complicated phenomenon, which involves the mechanical, thermal, electrical, magnetic and metallurgical factors.
Other techniques involve monitoring the mechanical response of the welding process, such as force, electrode displacement, and acoustic emission [2].
heat transfer model (4) The materials properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat and resistivity should be considered as functions of temperature
The magnitude of magnetic flux density in xoy plane was affected by many factors, such as welding current, the geometry size of welding device, and ferromagnetic material in the welding device and so on.
In this paper, forward model of magnetic field, inversion model of current distribution and temperature field models that include temperature-dependent materials properties, heat generated by resistance, as well as heat transfer between electrodes and cooling water were developed.

Wear of diamond tool is also very serious, which affects the surface quality of the machined work material, even if ductile mode where an undeformed chip thickness is at a nano scale is used.
The wear process can be due to the combined actions of mechanical abrasion wear and adhesion wear.
Adams [4] used the electronic structure methods to investigate adhesion between Al and various ceramics to determine the factors that control adhesion.
The amorphous phase in the chip and the machined surface is in a high energy state and their chemical property is active, under high temperature condition, it is easy to react with carbon atoms in the tool surface.
Summary wear of diamond tool is also very serious, which affects the surface quality of the machined work material, even if ductile mode where an undeformed chip thickness is at a nano scale is used.

The fuel properties found compatible with standards.
The Physicochemical fuel properties of coconut biodiesel were analyzed using equipment built on EN and ASTM standard methods.
Biodiesel feedstock, COCO physicochemical properties were analyzed following ISO and ASTM standards as shown it Table 1.
Whereas the decrease of SO2, NO and NO2 are due to the better fuel properties of coconut biodiesel [21].
Masjuki, Experimental evaluation of fatty acid composition influence on Jatropha biodiesel physicochemical properties J.

When the earthquake happens, the factor affecting the seismic response of underground structure is the foundation deformation rather than the inertia force.
Table 1 The main physical and mechanical properties of soil layer Layer number name of soil layer layer depth/m natural density /(kN·m-3) Possion’s ratio compression modulus/MPa cohesive strength/kPa internal friction angle/° average shear wave velocity/(m/s) dynamic elastic modulus/MPa dynamic shear modulus/MPa ① miscellaneous fill and plain fill 2.8 16.8 0.33 7.5 10 15 118 ②1 clayey silt with silty clay 1.6 18.5 0.30 5.34 11 22.0 132 ③1 sandy silt 5.5 18.7 0.28 10.96 5 29.5 159 141.7 47.4 ③2 sandy silt with silt 5.4 18.8 0.26 12.05 1 30.5 202 228.4 76.6 ③4 clayey silt with muddy clayey silt 3.3 18.3 0.32 6.88 5 24.0 163 144.6 48.4 ③8A clayey silt 9.4 18.5 0.27 8.15 3 27.0 189 194.2 65.1 ③8B silt 6.4 18.7 0.26 11.01 0 32.0 244 332.1 111.6 ⑥1-⑦1 clay 8.1 18.9 0.32 6.03 32.5 16.2 208 166.2 55.6 ⑦2 silt with silty clay 8.7 18.3 0.26 8.50 3 23.0 237 ⑨1 silty clay 3.2 19.4 0.31 6.84 35 15.5 215 In the analysis, the gravity is only considered and the lining segment is reinforced
According to the characteristics of large underground structure’s seismic response, the deformation of the surrounding soil is the main factor on seismic response of underground structure.
According to the characteristics of large underground structure’s seismic response, the deformation of the surrounding soil is the main factor that affects the seismic response of underground structure.

Vernadskogo,119526 Moscow, Russia 2 National Chung Cheng University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 168 University Rd., Chia-Yi, Taiwan 3 National Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, Taiwan a lyamina@inbox.ru, b sergei_alexandrov@spartak.ru, c imeyrj@ccu.edu.tw, d ymhwang@mail.nsysu.edu.tw Keywords: friction, singularity, ductile fracture, metal forming.
At the present time, the only way to find the value of the strain rate intensity factors is to use available or new analytical and semi-analytical solutions.
Reviews of strain rate intensity factors found from such solutions are provided in [26, 27].
This factor has been overlooked in [25].
Farris, A new approach for studying mechanical properties of thin surface layers affected by manufacturing processes, J.

Further research is recommended to explore additional mechanical properties and long-term durability aspects of fly ash-incorporated SCC.
Fresh Properties of SCC.
Further research is suggested to explore additional mechanical properties and long-term durability.
Further research is recommended to explore additional mechanical properties and long-term durability aspects.
These results highlight fly ash's potential in enhancing SCC's mechanical properties and supporting sustainable construction practices.