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Reduction of oxygen occur at the metal surface for applied potentials ranging from –0.8 VSCE to –1.2 VSCE according to: H2O + O2 + 4e– → H2 + 2OH– (1) For low cathodic potentials, reduction of water occurs which leads to hydrogen evolution (Equation 2).
The Tafel straight line of H2O reduction can clearly be seen for Eapp –1.2 VSCE (Figure 2).
For this reason, data for HF behaviour discussed was the electrolyte resistance (Re).
Eapp –1.2 VSCE induces H2O reduction and thus formation of brucite.

The main advantage of this cooling method is an intensive heat removal from the producing tool and the plastic part which results in reduction of cooling and cycle time.
Experiment Fig. 2 CAD model of prototype mould insert modified for conventional cooling method (left) and spot cooling method (right) Analysis of temperature fields was performed with using of infrared camera Flir ThermaCAM SC660 and reporting software Flir that mediated the evaluation of the data.
The difference is primarily caused by the shortening of the cooling time duration and the final effect is reduction of heat mass removed from the part by the heat transfer medium.
The temperature profiles obtained from the thermocouples located in the mould insert on the movable side of the injection mould once again confirmed the tendency of working temperatures reduction with higher amount of injected CO2, see Table 1.
The effect of reduction of temperature field homogeneity with bigger amount of injected CO2 was observed even when cooling by combined system.

Based on the data above, it can be interpreted that the influence of gravity will result in the smaller particle size being produced with increasing deposition time.
The reduction of contact angle value causes the reduction of IFT value, where the reduction IFT value can increase oil recovery [19, 21].
The contact angle test results show that nanosilica can change wettability shown from the reduction of contact angle value.

Power factor and thermal conductivity The power factor a2s increases in the low-temperature range at T<150 K with reduction of temperature from 150 to 80 K for the Bi2-xSbxTe3-y-zSeySz compositions with content of the substituted atoms more than 10 mol. % in the samples with low carrier concentrations (Fig. 1a, curves 1-4).
In the composition at x=0.2, y=0.06, z=0, an increase of Z is determined by the high mobility m0, weak reduction of the lattice thermal conductivity κL, and an increase in the effective mass m/m0 (Fig. 2, 3 curves 2).
Significant reduction of m0 cannot be compensated by an increase of the effective mass m/m0, and weak decrease of κL in the composition at y=0.36, x=z=0. 3.
Therefore, introduction of a relaxation time tensor is required for the analysis of the galvanomagnetic effect data.
In the composition at x=0.2, y=0.06, z=0, an increase of Z occurs due to the high mobility m0, weak reduction of the lattice thermal conductivity κL and an increase in the effective mass m/m0.

It is particularly important for high power output and cost reduction by keeping optical surface clean.
As the cleanest large-scale laser ever built, NIF has presented stringent cleanliness requirements for optics, structures and environments to prevent laser-induced damage and avoid laser quality reduction.
The PCVS is mainly composed of a particle collection tool and a microscope based data reduction system.
Electrostatic reduction of particulates for laser resistant hafnia coatings (Report).

The terro-titanium-silicon alloy (Ti-Si-Fe alloy) was extracted by the smelting reduction of the HTBF slag in electric-arc furnace,the residue couldbe used as spinel containing calcium aluminate cement[20].
Taken with the SAED and HRTEM data, this confirms that the flake-like Ti3(Si,Al)C2 crystal has a single crystal structure.
Adjusting the Ti-Si-Fe alloy composition at smelting reduction process or introducing other Ti source such as elemental titaniumcan solve this problem effectively.The experimental temperature of 1300 oC is too higher to the MSS method due to the good volatility of the molten salt of alkali chloride.
Research on Reduction of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co.
Low‐temperature preparation of titanium diboride fine powder via magnesiothermic reduction in molten salt.

It conclusion that front door frequency concentrated in 200-2000 Hz; back door’s concentrated in 315-2500Hz;The significant frequency band of characteristic loudness contains linear and A sound pressure level significant frequency band, etc.The result can provide ideas for automobile vibration and noise reduction. 1 Automobile Door Closure Sample Collection 1.1 Sample equipment and location Sample collection uses HEAD acoustics multi-channel noise test and analysis system.
Experimental personnel just contains door closed operator and computer operator for data acquisition.
The basic data of B method is one-third octave band, introducing critical band on ear masking effect modification, applicable to free field or diffusion sound field calculation.B method loudness model reflects ear’s auditory system selection characteristics to sound frequency, when considering frequency masking to introduce critical band and critical band rate.

Especially, SaaS is a potential segment and have many advantages such as investment reduction, performance improvement, time saving, easier collaboration, global accessibility, and so on.
SaaS quality attributes Characteristics Sub-Characteristics Attributes Functionality Real-time Response time Execution time Accuracy Correctness Security Data encryption Auditability Compliance Standardization Certification Functionality Recoverability Fault Tolerance Error handling Service availability Service efficiency Reliability Safety Environment analyze Service stability Usability Configurability Convenience Understandability Maintainability Stability Modifiability Changeability Customizability Modularity Testability Test suite provided Extensive service test cases Portability Flexibility Mobility Configuration capacity Moveability Reusability Modularity Cohesion Coupling The ISO/IEC 9126 standard is divided into four main parts: [10] Ÿ Part I.
Lan, Yu-Ting Lee, Exploring decisive factors affecting an organization’s SaaS adoption: A case study, International Journal of Information Management 31 (2011) 556–563 [4] Wonil Kim, Joo Hwan Lee, Chuleui Hong, Changhee Han, Hanku Lee, Bongshik Jang, An innovative method for data and software integration in SaaS, Computers and Mathematics with Applications (2012) doi:10.1016/j.camwa.2012.03.069 [5] Jie Tao, Holger Marten, David Kramer, Wolfgang Karl, An Intuitive Framework for Accessing Computing Clouds, Procedia Computer Science 4 (2011) 2049–2057 [6] Asli Deniz Helvacioglu Kuyucu, The Playground of Cloud Computing in Turkey, Procedia Computer Science 3 (2011) 459–463 [7] Gregory Katsaros, George Kousiouris, Spyridon V.

Ultrasonic machining can be applied for the machining of difficult-to-cut materials using ultrasonical oscillation in an axial direction on top of tool rotation, which can cause reduction of cutting temperature and tool wear.
(a) Conventional (4000 rpm) (b) Ultrasonic (4000 rpm) (c) Tool wear comparison Fig. 6 Tool wear at 4000 and 8000 RPM Fig. 7 shows the cutting force data at cutting distances.
It was noted that the cutting force data were not in good agreement with tool wear analysis, which means that the higher cutting force did not cause larger tool wear.

Abstract: This paper introduces the methodology and procedures of identification of overall coefficient of heat transfer (U-factor) of building envelopes using recursive least squares algorithm and dynamic heat transfer data.
Energy saving and emission reduction in building sector is one of the key issues for the whole world.
In the random circumstances using least squares method does not need the probability statistics information of observed data, but the estimated result has very good statistical properties.
It can be drawn the conclusion that the identified transfer function using recursive least squares algorithm can well characterize the intrinsic properties of the original data.
Summary This paper introduces the methodology and procedures of identification of overall coefficient of heat transfer (U-factor) of building envelopes using recursive least squares algorithm and dynamic heat transfer data.