Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism of Ti₃SiC₂ by Molten Salt Method from Ti-Si-Fe Alloy

Abstract:

Titanium silicon carbide (Ti₃SiC₂) were obtained by molten salt synthesis method using the Ti-Si-Fe alloy extracted from high titania blast furnace slag and natural graphite as the raw materials. The phase composition, microscopic structure of the products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The influence of firing temperature and chloride salts species on the phase and morphology of the products were investigated. The results indicated that the synthetic temperature of Ti₃SiC₂ by molten salt synthesis method was about 100 °C, which was lower than that without molten salts. The “dissolution-precipitation” mechanism governed the overall molten salt synthesis process. The lamellar Ti₃(Si,Al)C₂ crystal growth obeyed by a two-dimensional ledge growth mechanism.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 768)
• Pages: 159-166
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.768.159
• Online since: April 2018
• Authors: Jin Hua Zhang*, Si Xiong, Chang Ming Ke, Hong Dan Wu, Xin Rong Lei
• Keywords: Molten Salt Method, Ti₃SiC₂, Ti-Si-Fe Alloy

References

[1] El-Raghy T, Blau P, Barsoum MW. Effect of grain size on friction and wear behavior of Ti3SiC2. Wear. 2000;238:125-30.

DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1648(99)00348-8

[2] Zhou Y, Sun Z, Chen S, Zhang Y. In-situ hot pressing/solid-liquid reaction synthesis of dense titanium silicon carbide bulk ceramics. Material Research Innovations. 1998;2:142-6.

DOI: 10.1007/s100190050076

[3] Zhou Y, Sun Z. Micro-Scale Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Ti3SiC2 Under Room-Temperature Compression. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2001;21:1007-11.

DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2219(00)00310-1

[4] Finkel P, Barsoum MW, El-Raghy T. Low temperature dependence of the elastic properties of Ti3SiC2. Journal of Applied Physics. 1999;85:7123-6.

DOI: 10.1063/1.370521

[5] Barsoum MW, El-Raghy T, Rawn CJ, Porter WD, Wang H, Payzant EA, et al. Thermal properties of Ti3SiC2. Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids. 1999;60:429-39.

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3697(98)00313-8

[6] Myhra S, Summers JWB, Kisi EH. Ti3SiC2-A layered ceramic exhibiting ultra-low friction. Materials Letters. 1999;39:6-11.

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-577x(98)00206-7

[7] Lis J, Miyamoto Y, Pampuch R, Tanihata K. Ti3SiC-based materials prepared by HIP-SHS techniques. Materials Letters. 1995;22:163-8.

DOI: 10.1016/0167-577x(94)00246-0

[8] Li JF, Sato F, Watanabe R. Synthesis of Ti3SiC2 polycrystals by hot-isostatic pressing of the elemental powders. Journal of Materials Science Letters. 1999;18:1595-7.

[9] Zhang ZF, Sun ZM, Hashimoto H, Abe T. A new synthesis reaction of Ti3SiC2 from Ti/TiSi2/TiC powder mixtures through pulse discharge sintering (PDS) technique. Material Research Innovations. 2002;5:185-9.

DOI: 10.1007/s10019-002-8644-4

[10] Zhang ZF, Sun ZM, Hashimoto H, Abe T. Fabrication and Microstructure Characterization of Ti3SiC2 Synthesized from Ti/Si/2TiC Powders Using the Pulse Discharge Sintering (PDS) Technique. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2003;86:431-6.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03317.x

[11] Gao NF, Li JT, Zhang D, Miyamoto Y. Rapid synthesis of dense Ti3SiC2 by spark plasma sintering. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2002;22:2365-70.

DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2219(02)00021-3

[12] Palmquist JP, Jansson U, Seppanen T, Persson POA, Birch J, Hultman L, et al. Magnetron sputtered epitaxial single-phase Ti3SiC2 thin films. Applied Physics Letters. 2002;81:835-7.

DOI: 10.1063/1.1494865

[13] Goto T, Hirai T. Chemically vapor deposited Ti3SiC2. Materials Research Bulletin. 1987;22:1195-201.

DOI: 10.1016/0025-5408(87)90128-0

[14] Yang J, Dong S, Ding Y, Wang Z, Zhou H, Lu B. Fabrication of High‐Purity Ti3SiC2 Powders by an In Situ Reaction of Polycarbosilane and Metal Titanium. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2010;93:2117-20.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.03672.x

[15] Yang J, Zhang X, Wang Z, He P, Gao L, Dong S. Fabrication of Ti3SiC2 powders using TiH2 as the source of Ti. Ceramics International. 2012;38:3509-12.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.12.037

[16] Li X, Westwood A, Brown A, Brydson R, Rand B. A convenient, general synthesis of carbide nanofibres via templated reactions on carbon nanotubes in molten salt media. Carbon. 2009;47:201-8.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.09.050

[17] Li X, Dong Z, Westwood A, Brown A, Zhang S, Brydson R, et al. Preparation of a titanium carbide coating on carbon fibre using a molten salt method. Carbon. 2008;46:305-9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.11.020

[18] Guo X, Wang J, Yang S, Gao L, Qian B. Preparation of Ti3SiC2 powders by the molten salt method. Materials Letters. 2013;111:211-3.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.08.077

[19] You-Qi LI, Chang-Ming KE, Hou SX, Han BQ, Nan LI. Research on Reduction of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co. BF Slag by Carbon Thermal Reaction. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society. 2007;26:447-0.

[20] Han B, Wang P, Ke C, Yan W, Wei Y, Li N. Hydration behavior of spinel containing high alumina cement from high titania blast furnace slag. Cement & Concrete Research. 2016;79:257-64.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.09.019

[21] Zhang S, DDJ, Bhattacharya G, WEL. Molten Salt Synthesis of Magnesium Aluminate (MgAl2O4) Spinel Powder. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2006;89:1724–6.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.00932.x

[22] Jayaseelan DD, Zhang S, Hashimoto S, Lee WE. Template formation of magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4) spinel microplatelets in molten salt. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2007;27:4745-9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.03.027

[23] Liu X, Zhang S. Low-Temperature Preparation of Titanium Carbide Coatings on Graphite Flakes from Molten Salts. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 2008;91:667–70.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02184.x

[24] Bao K, Wen Y, Khangkhamano M, Zhang S. Low‐temperature preparation of titanium diboride fine powder via magnesiothermic reduction in molten salt. Journal of Irrigation & Drainage. 2008;100:123-7.

DOI: 10.1111/jace.14649