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Acknowledgements Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, ID 50705044, Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China, ID Y1080094, Y1080217, Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City, China, ID 2007A610001, and Xinmiao Talent Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China, ID 2008R40G2070030.
Wu: Journal of Materials Science Forum, Vol. 471-472 (2004), pp.6
Kim: Journal of Optics Express, Vol. 11 (8) (2003), pp.958
Luo: Journal of Optics and Precision Engineering (In Chinese), Vol. 1 (2003), pp.71
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Through numerous tests on rock, the existence of the intermediate principal stress effect has now been well recognized as characteristics of the materials [4] [5].The unified strength theory proposed by YU takes into consideration the effect of all the stresses in the characteristics line field[6], which can reflect the effects of the intermediate principle.
The theory is especially versatile in reflecting effect to different extents for different materials.
[3] Haibin Wang, Bo Gao: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Vol.24(2005),p.2113-2118, in Chinese
[6] Maohong Yu: Twin shear theory and its application(Science Press, Beijing 1998), in Chinese
[7] Xiaorong HU, Maohong Yu: Journal of China Coal Society.

The materials’ mechanical parameters are provided in Table 1.
Table 1 Mechanical physical parameters of bridge materials Materials Density (kg/m3) Elastic modulus (MPa) Poisson Ratio Thermal Expansion Coefficient (×10-5/℃) Steel Cable 7850 19500 0.3 1.2 C50 Concrete 2600 5000 0.23 Fig. 1 Bridge beam section Fig. 3 Finite element model of structure Fig. 2 Models of reinforced bridge and steel cables (a) Load position for Load case 1 (b) Load position for Load case 2 (c) Load position for Load case 3 Fig. 4 Three static load cases Result and Discussion Three load cases discussed above are investigated through FEM using ABAQUS software.
All of these results meet both the design and material strength requirements.
China Railway Science, Vol.28 (2007) No.4 p.61 (In Chinese) [2] B.
Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), Vol.32 (2004) No.12 p.47 (In Chinese) [5] B.

Dong, Stress-Strain Characteristics of the Heat-Affected Zone in an HY-100 Weldment as Determined by Microindentation Testing, Materials Characterization 37 (1996) 195-209
Gayden, Deformation and Fracture of Miniature Tensile Bars with Resistance-Spot-Weld Microstructures, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 36 (2005) 2651-2669
Chu, Plane stress yield function for aluminum alloy sheets – part 1: theory, International Journal of Plasticity 19 (2003) 1297-1319
Belhabib, Improving the characterization of a hardening law using digital image correlation over an enhanced heterogeneous tensile test, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 62 (2012) 47-56
Meinders, A.H. van den Boogaard, Plasticity and fracture modeling of quench-hardenable boron steel with tailored properties, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 214 (2014) 1211-1227.

Cutting edge worn is caused by abrasive wear which caused, in first order, by chromium carbides particle in workpiece materials structure.
This research is part of experimental research project, with thematic on modelling of micro-milling of hard-to-machine materials.
Davim, State of the art on micro-milling of materials - a review, Journal of Materials Science Technology. 28 (2012) 673 - 685
Picart, Experimental investigation in micro ball-end milling of hardened steel, Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A. 5 (2015) 327-338
Upmeier, A study on micro-machining technology for the machining of NiTi: five-axis micro-milling and micro deep-hole drilling, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 20 (2011) 745–751

Preliminary results show that the model succeeds in predicting the trends in relation to segregation and intergranular fracture strength behaviour in these materials.
The proposed hypothesis will help the design engineers to select and use the materials in structural/load bearing applications.
References [1] S.A.A.Shah and S.T.Hasan: 17th International Conference on Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, AMPT Conference proceeding (2014), Paper number 112.
Under review for a journal article
Myriounis, S.T.Hasan and T.E.Matikas: Journal of Composite interfaces Vol.15, No.5, pp.495-514 (2008) [6] D.

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 537 (2021), 168222
International Journal of Thermal Sciences 184 (2023) 108014
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 567 (2023) 170329
Materials Today: Proceedings, 46 (2021) 2240-2248
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 201(1-3) (1999) 252-255

The selected materials were a 0.20-mm thick, obtained by cold (secondary)-rolled and continuous annealing or cover annealing, coated with an electrolytical substrate.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 152(2004), p.384-388
Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 13-4 (2001), p. 38-41.
Corrosion Science, 52(2010), p.14-20
Materials Protection. 33 -3 (2000), p.1~3.

Introduction Functionally graded materials are required for parts that operate under differentiated stress on a certain direction.
The purpose of producing such materials is to combine in same part a set of properties that cannot be obtained simultaneously.
Table 1 shows the thermo-physical properties of these materials [9, 10].
Gasik, Worldwide trends in functional gradient materials research and development, Journal of Materials Science Letters 12 (1993) 1516-1518
Riahi, Surface treatment of castiron by adding different alloying elements to form a metallic glass structure layer using an industrial carbon dioxide laser, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 58 (1996) 3-12

Acknowledgments This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50975163) and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (IRT0931) References [1] U.Engel, R.Eckstein: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 125-126(2002), p. 35-44
Bruschi: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology Vol. 1(2008), p. 2-17
Sunb: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 187–188(2007), p. 256–259
B: Advanced Materials Research Vol. 6-8(2005), p. 631-638 [6] J.Cao, N.Krishnan, Z.Wang, H.S.Lu, W.K.Liu, A.Swanson: Transactions of the ASME Vol. 126(2004), p. 642-652
[7] M.Yang, K.Manabe, K.Ito: Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology Vol. 21(2007), p. 452-1455.