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Introduction In the past decade, driven by environmental and economic factors, the rapid development of gas engine technology such as closed-loop feedback control and stoichiometric and lean burn engines and other advanced technologies are widely used.
Klimstra [2] examined the relationships between gas composition and mixture properties and reported on the effect on stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, heating value and the Wobbe Index, and knock sensitivity.
When using gas as a fuel the following fuel properties are important in relation to engine performance: · Density · Heating value, i.e. the Wobbe Index · The stoichiometric air-fuel ratio · Knock resistance.
These gas properties are closely linked to the composition of the gas.
It is minimally affected by changes in gas composition if the air/fuel ratio is constant.

Ferrite is one of the magnetic materials that has dielectric properties, so it can be used as an absorber of electromagnetic wave energy [5].
Some of the factors that affect the value of the three magnetic parameters are the method of manufacture, particle size which depends on the given temperature, morphology, and chemical composition.
Ramesh, Preparation of Cr3+-Substituted NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles and Its Microwave Absorption Properties.
Markaneyulu, Cationic ordering and magnetic properties of rare-earth doped NiFe2O4 probed by Mossbauer and X-ray spectroscopies, J.
Ding, Hydrothermal Synthesis and Microwave Absorption Properties of Nickel Ferrite/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composites.

Moreover, they are able to increase the overall strength of the injected elements without affecting further mechanical parameters, such as elastic modulus and stiffness, that is often the case of the cement-based ones.
This paper investigates the stiffness variation of injected structures, widening the results and the considerations previously obtained in terms of frequencies, mode shapes and damping factors.
A preliminary dynamic identification, involving frequencies, mode shapes and damping factors could be performed (Mazzon et al. 2008).
Firstly, the starting dynamic behaviour is only limited affected by the injection of this type of admixture.
"Mechanical properties of three-leaf stone masonry grouted with ternary or hydraulic lime-based grouts."

Plastics have many uses and their hydrophobic properties give many advantages to plastics.
"Optimization of Mechanical Properties of thermoplastic starch/clay nanocomposites."
"Plasticizer effect on the properties of biodegradable blend film from rice starch-chitosan."
"Praparations and properties of glycerol plasticized-pea starch/zinc oxide bionanocomposite."
"Extrude Cornstarch_Glycerol_Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends: Mechanical Properties, Morphology, annd Biodegradability."

XT2i physical property tester The physical property tester was supplied by the Stable Micro systems Co., UK.
Mechanical property indexof the noodles Shearing test One rice noodle of about 50mm in length was placed on the flat top of the TA.
Table 1 Physical and chemical change in rice ferment Rice Percentage (%) Tatal starch Amylose Crude protein Ash Crude fat Before ferment 83.17±1.11a 24.13±0.74 a 13.17±0.85 b 0.80±0.07 b 0.70±0.03 b After ferment 72 h 82.39±1.31 a 26.64±0.81 b 9.75±0.42 a 0.55±0.05 a 0.13±0.01 a Values followed by different letters in the same column are significantly different (p＜0.05) Table 2 Noodle mechanical property index and sensory evaluation Rice noodles Tension stress （g.mm-2） Tensile deformation Shearing stress (g.mm-2) Shearing deformation Sensory evalution by fermented 16.98±1.08b 0.82±0.05 b 73.92±2.12 b 1.00±0.06 b flexible, good mouthful without fermented 4.30±0.29 a 0.35±0.02 a 53.5±2.11 a 0.77±0.03 a hard, brittle, bad mouthful Values followed by different letters in the same column are significantly different (p＜0.05) 3.2 Anti-retrogardation effect of additives on rice noodles Retrogardation is the most important factor affecting the property of fresh instant rice
Therefore proper enzyme hydrolysis is a key factor in the inhibition of retrogradation of the rice product.
Lai,“Effects of rice properties and emulsifiers on the quality of rice pasta”Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Vol. 82, No2, 203-216. 2002 [6] GB/T 15683－1995, Chinese stardard, Rice-determination of amylose content

In order to obtain the mechanical properties and microstructure of the final requirements, also we need to go through heat treatment and surface treatment after SCM435H cold heading molding, so SCM435H have excellent hardenability and plasticity [5-6], but also need to have enough toughness, In this paper, different austenite grain size of SCM435H hardenability and toughness been analyzed. 2 Experimental materials and test methods Experimental material selection SCM435H rod, smelting and rolling process: external smelting refining→LF bloom caster billet inspection→heating bloom blooming slab→test→high-pressure water descaling control rolling→controlled cooling→sampling, the interception of wire rod Φ32mm 200mm sample, the chemical composition shown in table 1.
From the perspective of austenite transformation kinetics austenite grain size as the impact of supercooled austenite stability factor, with increasing grain size, the C curve shifted to the right position, reducing the critical quench rate, thereby hardenability increase [9].
Poor impact toughness is the most obvious sign of the impact energy decreases significantly, thus factors have an impact on the impact toughness of brittle materials, such as crystal structure, chemical composition, smelting, steel rolling process and the use of temperature, etc.
By affecting curve fitting, fitting equation obtained as Eq. 1,wherein, Ak represents the impact energy, d represents the austenite grain size.
Microstructures, Mechanical Properties, and StrainHardening Behavior of an Ultrahigh Strength Dual Phase Steel Developed by Intercritical Annealing of Cold-Rolled Ferrite/Martensite[J], METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A.46(2015):3052-3062

It exhibits a large vacant site at the centre of the cell, which can be used for doping and varying the properties.
However, despite extensive research on Cu3N films, few systematic work on the optical properties of Cu3N films.
The crystalline properties of the obtained films were analyzed by XRD using D/max 2500 PC measurements with CuKα line.
Wang, Study on the preparation and properties of copper nitride thin films, J.Cryst.Growth. 274 (2005) 464-468
Boerma, Growth and properties of Cu3N films and Cu3N/γ′-Fe4N bilayers, Appl.

School of Mechanical Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Liaoning Fushun 113001, PR China. 2.
Introduction Nitrogen-alloyed 316L stainless steel is currently a widely used material because of its good tensile and creep properties and enhanced resistance to intergranular cracking.
The stacking fault energy (SFE) is known to be one of the critical factors which influence the slip character, and thus affects the saturation dislocation structure formed by the cyclic deformation.
Mechanical testing.
In addition, not same as the stacking fault energy, the atomic pairs are not so much affect by temperature, so that the cross slip prohibiting effect will be effective even the temperature is rather high.

Atomic scale modelling of materials: a prerequisite for any multi-scale approach to structural and dynamical properties Masahiko Matsubara1a, Massimo Celino2b, Philip S.
Introduction A growing research strategy in the area of condensed matter computer simulation is to model the properties of a given system by using a multiple step approach.
As a first step (part (a)), we shall recall our main results on the structural and dynamical properties of neutral Si-doped heterofullerenes.
Changes in the electronic properties of fullerenes caused by doping have the effect of creating new reactive sites.
[21] The expressions for all the partial structure factors in the Bhatia-Thornton form can be found in H.E.

The stresses ahead of the lth crack tip are given by π π σ 2 2 )0,( 1 1 111 l l I l l l I l x bT x k x ++= , ππ σ 22 )0,( 1 1 122 l l Il l I l x b x k x += , π π σ 2 2 )0,( 1 1 112 l l IIl l II l x b x k x += , (1) where lIk and lIIk are the stress intensity factors (SIFs). lT , lIb and lIIb are the included higher order stress field parameters.
Incremental step of crack path simulation It is seen, that the curvature of each crack path is affected by the other growing cracks.
(8) The accurate simulation of crack growth is highly dependent upon the accuracy of the calculated stress intensity factors.
The material has only small differences in the tensile properties in the directions longitudinal (Rp0.2 = 286Mpa) and transverse (Rp0.2 = 274Mpa) to the rolling direction.
This affects the stress field at the crack tip and thus the crack path.