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Online since: October 2011
Authors: Mohd Ambar Yarmo, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Shahidan Radiman
In this work, we study the effect of preparation route on the fractal dimension of catalyst in the absence and presence of PVP as stabilizing agent from SAXS data.
The catalyst surface was illustrated according to SAXS, FESEM and TEM data.
XPS data can be interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively [4].
Reductions of RuCl3 in ethylene glycol were done in two ways, i.e. with presence of PVP and presence of catalyst support (Al2O3).
The solid were sealed in 1 mm-diameter quartz capillary cell with a wall thickness of 0.01 mm.Background correction of the SAXS data were previously performed before analysis.
The catalyst surface was illustrated according to SAXS, FESEM and TEM data.
XPS data can be interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively [4].
Reductions of RuCl3 in ethylene glycol were done in two ways, i.e. with presence of PVP and presence of catalyst support (Al2O3).
The solid were sealed in 1 mm-diameter quartz capillary cell with a wall thickness of 0.01 mm.Background correction of the SAXS data were previously performed before analysis.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Ming Hui Yuan, Wei Wang, Nan Ye, Tao Sun
Introduction
Energy depletion and environment protection make the concept of energy-saving and emission-reduction increasingly draw shipbuilding engineers attention all over the world.
Moreover, resistance of restrained body in calm water and head waves are explored here on the condition of different wave length and amplitudes(short name as A below) Figure 1.3 Wave added resistance(A=0.025m) Figure1.4 Wave added resistance(A=0.046m) Table2 Comparison of computed data and experiment data.
Speed F=0.2 F=0.3 F=0.4 Computed still water resistance /N 3.16 9.088 16.656 Measured still water resistance /N 3.42 9.97 19.86 fractional error: -7.60% -8.85% -16.13% Table2 reveals that computed results are all less than experiment data .The fractional error is no more than 10%.When Fr=0.4 , the gap is less than 20%.This software is reliable for these results are all acceptable.
All computed results reach an agreement with former researches and experiment data.
Moreover, resistance of restrained body in calm water and head waves are explored here on the condition of different wave length and amplitudes(short name as A below) Figure 1.3 Wave added resistance(A=0.025m) Figure1.4 Wave added resistance(A=0.046m) Table2 Comparison of computed data and experiment data.
Speed F=0.2 F=0.3 F=0.4 Computed still water resistance /N 3.16 9.088 16.656 Measured still water resistance /N 3.42 9.97 19.86 fractional error: -7.60% -8.85% -16.13% Table2 reveals that computed results are all less than experiment data .The fractional error is no more than 10%.When Fr=0.4 , the gap is less than 20%.This software is reliable for these results are all acceptable.
All computed results reach an agreement with former researches and experiment data.
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Jalil Rezaeepazhand, Ali Amin Yazdi
According to the results, cross ply composite models can be found which have this ability to predict flutter boundary of the prototype accurately using free vibration data.
The effects of these relaxations should be fully understand in order to modify the model test data in such a way which able to predict the behavior of the prototype with good accuracy.
All other methods [sub-laminate level scaling, and general reduction of plies] yield partial similarity.
The effects of these relaxations should be fully understand in order to modify the model test data in such a way which able to predict the behavior of the prototype with good accuracy.
All other methods [sub-laminate level scaling, and general reduction of plies] yield partial similarity.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Shou Zhi Pu, Hong Jing Jia, Xu Gang Tang
The fluorescence switching property can be potential use for optical data storage.
Introduction Photochromism is defined as reversible transformation between two isomers, which differ from each other not only in their absorption spectras, but in many changes of various physical and chemical properties, such as dielectric constant, refractive index, as well as oxidation/reduction potential, etc [1].
From the data, we can easily get a conclusion that both open-ring isomer and closed-ring isomer of this diarylethene were stable in solution at room temperature.
Introduction Photochromism is defined as reversible transformation between two isomers, which differ from each other not only in their absorption spectras, but in many changes of various physical and chemical properties, such as dielectric constant, refractive index, as well as oxidation/reduction potential, etc [1].
From the data, we can easily get a conclusion that both open-ring isomer and closed-ring isomer of this diarylethene were stable in solution at room temperature.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Hai Xia Wang, Zhen Qing Wang, Yan Chen
Its operating performance in winter was evaluated based on test data.
The refrigerant thermodynamic properties employed in four procedures are fitted in Origin7.5 according to NIST data.
Furthermore, with the heating area increasing from 100 m2 to 300 m2, the system COP decrease by about 9.7% and 11.8% for the two FPAC temperatures, that is, if the heating capacity increases two times the system COP reduction is about 10%.
The refrigerant thermodynamic properties employed in four procedures are fitted in Origin7.5 according to NIST data.
Furthermore, with the heating area increasing from 100 m2 to 300 m2, the system COP decrease by about 9.7% and 11.8% for the two FPAC temperatures, that is, if the heating capacity increases two times the system COP reduction is about 10%.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Li Di Wang, Ying Nan Wang, Jue Wang, Xiao Fang Meng
The method provides the necessary support of data and technology to optimal planning DG.
(2) Where C is the annual profit after placing DG; CDG is the annual cost after placing DG; CE is the annual cost saving for power loss reduction after placing DG.
What is more, the site and size can be observed easily, and the method can propose the essential support to the data and technique of DG planning.
(2) Where C is the annual profit after placing DG; CDG is the annual cost after placing DG; CE is the annual cost saving for power loss reduction after placing DG.
What is more, the site and size can be observed easily, and the method can propose the essential support to the data and technique of DG planning.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Er Li Zhao, Chang Li Yu, Zhi Peng Lu, Fa Zhi Ge
The experimental data were modeled by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.
Langmuir model resulted in the best fit of the adsorption data.
The controlling mechanism of Cd(II) uptake was investigated by fitting the experimental sorption data to pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models.
This observation was further supported by the evaluation of the respective correlation coefficients, which was a measure of how well the predicted values from a forecast model match with the experimental data.
The adsorption equilibrium data fitted better the Langmuir model, the maximum binding capacity of Cd(II) according to Langmuir isotherm were 66.25 mg/g.
Langmuir model resulted in the best fit of the adsorption data.
The controlling mechanism of Cd(II) uptake was investigated by fitting the experimental sorption data to pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models.
This observation was further supported by the evaluation of the respective correlation coefficients, which was a measure of how well the predicted values from a forecast model match with the experimental data.
The adsorption equilibrium data fitted better the Langmuir model, the maximum binding capacity of Cd(II) according to Langmuir isotherm were 66.25 mg/g.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Jiří Němeček, Veronika Petranova, Vladimír Hrbek
The results of the testing thus further serve as input data in material
up-scaled modeling [7, 8].
Nanoindentation and its specifics, processing of obtained data and statistics.
For proper comparison of all measurements we used normalized histograms with respect to number of measured data.
Published data reveal for individual phases that: • The calcium hydroxide (CH) is first re-crystallized hydration product of the cement.
Even though the micromechanical properties are evaluated from relatively large set of data (400 indents per measurement), more data should be collected in order to validate hardening of the cement paste in the early stage.
Nanoindentation and its specifics, processing of obtained data and statistics.
For proper comparison of all measurements we used normalized histograms with respect to number of measured data.
Published data reveal for individual phases that: • The calcium hydroxide (CH) is first re-crystallized hydration product of the cement.
Even though the micromechanical properties are evaluated from relatively large set of data (400 indents per measurement), more data should be collected in order to validate hardening of the cement paste in the early stage.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Muhammad Shoaib Khalid, Xiang Ning Lin, Jin Wen Sun, Asad Waqar, Owolabi Sunday Adio, Sameer Dawoud, Qasim Kamil Mohsin
This results in reduction of peak charging power based on EVs own consumption schedule while they select the best response in energy consumption game.
Whereas, the IEEE 802.16 Wi-MAX has data rate up to 75 Mbps with larger coverage area than Wi-Fi.
First we determine total available resource Rj and fix reference resource RRij for each load ‘i’ at time ‘j’ based on history data, to give an estimate to energy supply and management system of usual hourly requirement of each load.
This method results in reduction of peak charging power during a specified time [10].
Whereas, the IEEE 802.16 Wi-MAX has data rate up to 75 Mbps with larger coverage area than Wi-Fi.
First we determine total available resource Rj and fix reference resource RRij for each load ‘i’ at time ‘j’ based on history data, to give an estimate to energy supply and management system of usual hourly requirement of each load.
This method results in reduction of peak charging power during a specified time [10].
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Xiao Yu Xu, Meng Wang, Lin Lin, Dan Nong He
The photocatalytic mechanisms of the sensitized TiO2 nanospheres were attributed to the reduction of bandgap energies and the sensitizing effect of melon.
Although there is a reduced nanoparticle size, the agglomeration of these nanoparticles can significantly decrease the specific surface area which can be confirmed by the BET data.
Tab 1 Kinetics parameters of photocatalysis and BET data from the sensitized TiO2 nanostructures Samples 110 °C, 24 h 110 °C, 36 h 110 °C, 48 h 150 °C, 24 h 150 °C, 36 h 150 °C, 48 h k 0.0063 0.025 0.0078 0.011 0.014 0.012 BET(m2·g-1) 154 337 168 184 213 134 Fig. 2 TEM images of the sensitized TiO2 nanostructures synthesized at (a) 110 °C, 24 h; (b) 110 °C, 36 h; (c) 110 °C, 48 h; (d) 150 °C, 24 h; (e) 150 °C, 36 h; (f) 150 °C, 48 h.
The CB electrons transfer to dissolve oxygen molecule (O2) for forming superoxide radical anion (O2•-) and further reducing to HO2• and hydrogen peroxide because of the proper position of ECB and oxygen reduction potential.
Although there is a reduced nanoparticle size, the agglomeration of these nanoparticles can significantly decrease the specific surface area which can be confirmed by the BET data.
Tab 1 Kinetics parameters of photocatalysis and BET data from the sensitized TiO2 nanostructures Samples 110 °C, 24 h 110 °C, 36 h 110 °C, 48 h 150 °C, 24 h 150 °C, 36 h 150 °C, 48 h k 0.0063 0.025 0.0078 0.011 0.014 0.012 BET(m2·g-1) 154 337 168 184 213 134 Fig. 2 TEM images of the sensitized TiO2 nanostructures synthesized at (a) 110 °C, 24 h; (b) 110 °C, 36 h; (c) 110 °C, 48 h; (d) 150 °C, 24 h; (e) 150 °C, 36 h; (f) 150 °C, 48 h.
The CB electrons transfer to dissolve oxygen molecule (O2) for forming superoxide radical anion (O2•-) and further reducing to HO2• and hydrogen peroxide because of the proper position of ECB and oxygen reduction potential.