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Online since: June 2013
Authors: Jie Zhao, Jiang Fu, Yong Fu, Yong Chang Ma
A major issue with the reduced operating temperature is the decrease in catalytic activity of the cathode for oxygen reduction.
The testing data were collected at 10 ℃ interval.
Correspondingly, the TG curve reveals an obvious weight loss (5.2%) which may be associated with the release of the lattice oxygen originating from the reduction of Co4+, the decomposition of the carbonates and the formation of LaFeO3-based oxide.
The almost pure perovskite structure were obtained after sintered at 1200℃ for 4h for synthesized samples comparing the data from XRD with normal feature diffraction lines of LaFeO3.
Online since: March 2018
Authors: Xi Yuan Wang
Energy saving and emission reduction has become one of China's basic state policies [1].
According to the data provided in the carbon footprint mid-term calculation report for wollastonite-based toilets issued by SGS, the carbon emission of a 43kg wollastonite-based toilet is equal to 72.49kg CO2, then it could figure out that while producing 1t wollastonite-based product, it generates 1.6858t carbon emission.
It’s known that it consumes 4,798kW·h electric power to prepare 1.5t calcium sulfate hemihydrate and upon the data provided by NDRC, it could figure out that the coal consumption for preparing 1.5t calcium sulfate hemihydrate is about 1.59933t (=4798÷3000≈1.59933t).
Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Revolutionizing China’s Environmental Protection [J].
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Fei Long Liu
Also provides the method and index of consumer goods reduction, classification of waste disposal, indoor facilities to encourage the use of environmentally friendly products and file management.
According to the relevant data shows, the developed countries generally green hotel can reduce energy consumption by 5% to 10%, saving 10% to 20%, with great economic value.
While energy consumption to produce concrete data cost also tend to stay in the financial department, resulting in consumption and pay for separation of duty.
[2] Lixin Ruan .The hotel industry energy conservation and emissions reduction evaluation method research, in jiangsu province as an example[J].
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yan Guan, Zhe Chen
Citizens should improve environmental consciousness, have and convey low-carbon philosophy of life and use environmental products consciously to contribute to low carbon and emission reduction.
As wastes, products should pay attention to environmental sustainability of design of material selection and be “reduction, recovery and regeneration”.
Management method of product materials based on Cybernetics 4.1 Establish material data base.Material date base should be established with the help of modern technical platform of network and various properties, applicable scope and cases should be elaborated according to category of conventional materials, special materials and green materials to make people find required knowledge rapidly and realize popularization, share, balance and constant updating of material knowledge.
So far, there aren’t complete and systematic books or data base to present every material.
Online since: May 2017
Authors: Ivailo Terzijski, Lukáš Zvolánek
Input Data for Ageing Coefficient c Calculation.
Thus, the input data for residual stress prediction, i.e. shrinkage and modulus of elasticity development, were measured experimentally.
The concrete mixture labelled as C2 was proposed with respect to reduction of residual stresses due to shrinkage.
Therefore, the C2 contains shrinkage reduction admixture and expansion admixture at the dosage of 3 % and 5 % (by weight of cement content), respectively.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Glenn M. Beheim, Laura J. Evans
This etch rate reduction can be largely attributed to the 21% reduction in the proportion of process time devoted to etching.
In a separate experiment, using 200-nm-thick evaporated Ni masks, the selectivity to the Ni mask (i.e., ratio of SiC and Ni etch rates) was found to be reduced from 120 to 65 when platen power was increased from 50 to 100 W, at 17-mT (a) (b) Platen power [W] Platen power [W] Pressure [mT] Pressure [mT] Etch rate [µm/min] Etch rate in µm/min Fig. 1 - SiC etch rate as a function of platen power and pressure with a 9-s passivation time: (a) response surface and experimental data points; (b) contour plot of response surface.
If somewhat rougher sidewalls were acceptable, then high platen power, pressure and short passivation time (100 W, 17 mT, 9 s) could be used to obtain the same anisotropy with a higher etch (a) (b) Pressure [mT] Slope [degree] Platen power [W] Platen power [W] Pressure [mT] Slope in degrees Fig. 3 - Sidewall slope as a function of platen power and pressure with a 17-s passivation time: (a) response surface and experimental data points; (b) contour plot of response surface.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Bian Peng Wu, Ting Feng Tan, Li Gang Bai, Yan Xia Li, Ming Jie Zhang
Compound 3a was obtained at 80°C reflux temperature for 8h by zinc reduction of compound 2a.
Compound 3b was obtained by reduction of 2b using zinc with good yields in 73.63%.
Their absorption and fluorescence emission data in DMF are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1 The absorption and fluorescence emission data in DMF of the compounds 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b Compound Absorption lmax [nm] e [L×mol-1×cm-1] lem [nm] Fluoroscence indensity 1a 270 18989 338 217.50 1b 284 14670 339 2937.74 2a 328 21478 - - 2b 298 18939 345 90.56 3a 352 29716 398 2236.23 3b 317 29390 402 3257.75 As shown in Fig. 2 (3a and 3b), a new emission band at 402 nm is newly formed and the fluorescence intensity is gradually enhanced.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Ju Guo Zhang, Hong Bin Zhu
The results is shown in Table 1 Table 1 Corrosion data of different concentrations of zinc sulfate Percent of Zinc sulfate (g/L) 0 1 3 5 6 Corrosion potential (v) -1.75 -1.53 -1.41 -1.32 -1.33 As it can be seen from the above data, the concentration of zinc sulfate in the corrosion inhibitor is 0, the corrosion potential is -1.75, with increasing the concentration , the corrosion potential is -1.36.
It can neutralize acid in water, reduce the hydrogen ion concentration, increase over potential of hydrogen precipitation, so that hydrogen ions in the metal surface reduction was blocked, corrosion was slown down; and also slow speed of response, air bubbles was turned large into intensive small, which prevent foam and boiling phenomenon.
So usually you need to adjust the bath or adjust the concentration ,the concentration is directly related to the relative density or exchange polishing liquid[6]. 3 Summary Using smokeness chemical polishing process to polishe aluminum parts which very close to the three acid polishing.Besides ,polishing cost reduction 5 to 10% than three acid, which is a major feature of this process.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Wen Sheng Li, Yi Heng He
Influence factors of in-service RC flexural member’s reliability mainly include three categories: safety, durability and applicability, each factor can be subdivided into multiple initial quantitative indicators, such as carbonation depth, concrete strength, cover thickness, etc. which mainly be assessed through on-site testing data, and according to certain criteria to determine its level.
Reference [5 ~ 8] studies have shown that, when steel corrosion section loss ratio is greater than 5%, the performance of reinforcement and component’s bearing capacity both have a large degree of reduction, then the component’s bearing capacity reduction coefficient has reached the serviceability limit states of durability.
Fig. 2, A layer of reinforced concrete frame structure Table 7, The measured values of component reliability index component evaluation of quantitative indicators Capacity attenuation coefficient carbonation depth (mm) concrete strength the cover thickness (mm) steel cross-section loss ratio /% steel corrosion rate %/year crack width (mm) component deformation (mm) KL1 0.980 15.6 21.8 22.3 1.2 0.07 0.12 19 According to the assessment model of RC flexural member′s reliability based on attribute mathematical theory, For KL-1, the classification standard matrix is According to Table 7, the measurement data matrix to determine KL-1 as follows: Thus come to its single-index measure evaluation matrix: According to the actual measured values of the reliability evaluation index of KL-1 to determine the contribution ratio of the component reliability for evaluation index, and according to the formula in reference [12] to calculate the weight coefficient of evaluation index of KL-1, as
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Calambras Pulgarin Heidi, Albano Maria Patricia, Garrido Liliana Beatriz
Colloidal processing is an alternative route to ensure a uniform microstructure with a reduction in porosity and grain size leading to significant improvements in the ceramic.
Fig. 4: ln (ln (1/ (1-x))) vs. ln t using experimental data of Fig. 3.
The calculated results using experimental data of sample sintered at 1400 ºC are shown by a line in Fig. 4.
The samples sintered at 1500 ºC exhibited a reduction in the slope ( i.e.
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