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The results demonstrated that the presence of Cr3+ doping in the CdIn2S4 photocatalyst had significantly influence on the crystal structure, micro-morphology, e--h+ recombination and photocatalytic activity.
Cadmium indium sulfide possesses cubic spinel structure, satisfactory chemical stability and narrow band gap suitable for absorption in visible-light region.
The change of the band structure results in the responsive range of the spectrum.
Results and Discussion 3.1 Crystal Structure The phase and crystallographic structure of the porous photocatalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction.
The results indicated that the ion-doping in the CdIn2S4 photocatalyst influenced on the crystal structure, micro-morphology, e--h+ recombination and especially photocatalytic activity.

The Young's modulus of these pillars was estimated using the mean square displacement of the vibrating pillar tips, and results showed that the modulus decreases significantly from the bulk value for these structures.
In these models, there is a critical value of the elastocapillary number (NEC) below which capillary forces are stronger than elastic forces, and the structure will collapse.
NEC = Ed2t3 24L4γ cos θ (1) NEC = Ed2t3 4L4 ��3 cos θ + d L sin θ� + q9 cos2 θ + 6 dL sin θ cos θ� (2) Specifically looking at pillar structures for this study, there are several examples in the literature of testing nanoscale silicon structures for pattern collapse.
also made high aspect ratio structures that were wetted to determine if collapse occurred or not [7].
Jorgensen, Journal of Computational Chemistry, 18(16), 1955 (1997)

XRD, SEM, AFM, and TG-DSC were used to characterize phase structure and morphology of TiO2 thin films.
Due to many advantages of chemical stability, high catalytic activity, excellent photoelectric chemistry performance, non-irritating, non-toxic and cheap, the TiO2 photocatalytic properties have been widely investigated [2-6].
Characterization Crystal structure of TiO2 film was investigated by XRD (DX-2600,China) in a 2θ range from 5 to 90° with a wavelength λ = 0.15406 nm and 35 kV/30 mA.
SEM and AFM analysis Fig.3 shows surface structures of as-prepared TiO2 films.
From morphologies of TiO2 films, uniform surfaces structure with no cracks are obtained by the hydrothermal methods.

FTIR shows the presence of both aliphatic (CH stretching and CH bending) and ammonium (CN stretching) groups from DDOAB and the existence of C=C aromatic functional group from the structure of MWCNT in Mo-MWCNT spectra.
Fig. 1: Structure formula of DDOAB 2.
Interlayer spacing of Mo-MWCNT MWCNT consists of layers of carbon sheet which are rolled together in a cylinder like structure.
Doorn, Saturation of surfactant structure at the single-walled carbon nanotube surface, J.
Fontana, Effect of Surfactant Structure on Carbon Nanotube Sidewall Adsorption, Eur J.

The study results show the Ni-Cu-coated whisker with micro-sized spinal structure contains 12.4 wt% Ni and 1.35 wt% Cu.
The morphologies and compositions and structures of the whiskers were characterized by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDs) in Hitachi S-3000N and Hitachi S-530 scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and Rigaku DMAX-ⅢC X-ray power diffractomer (XRD).
Two kinds of whiskers were both micro-sized spinal structure fibers.
(a) (b) Fig. 1 SEM images of the whisker before and after electroless Ni-Cu plating (a) calcium-magnesium silicate whisker (b) Ni-Cu-coated calcium-magnesium silicate whisker Structures of the whiskers.
It demonstrated that no crystal structure obvious variation of the Ni-Cu-coated whisker could be found compared with the original whisker.

The results showed that after the black anodic oxidation film is produced, "aging" will occur in the natural environment, which can lead to the structure change of the sealing pore and affect the service performance of the film.
There are no obvious micro cracks in the film from the humidity 80%~90%, but the micro cracks are formed and connected to a network structure on the specimen surface in the humidity 95%.
There are obvious micro cracks in the film, and the micro cracks are connected into a network structure.
Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials &Structures.
Materials Chemistry & Physics.

For the morphology characterization, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) (FEI, NANOSEI 450) was used to observe the structure of RHM||Li and Li deposition.
Results and Discussions Hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties are highly dependent on the polar/nonpolar features[12-14], because the molecular clusters of water ((H2O)n (n>1)) bonded by hydrogen bond network structure are the main spatial configuration (Figure 1a) in air or drop[15,16].
However, the pristine Li anodes (Figures 4b, d) form plentiful Li dendrite structures.
This work shows that obtaining an undamaged-Li structure in the stored procedure is particularly important for cell technologies, because it provides a transformation from fundamental research to more realistic characterization.
Ultrahigh performance all solid-state lithium sulfur batteries: salt anion’s chemistry-induced anomalous synergistic effect.

It has been compared with that of conventional heating method in the respect of crystallization time, structure, morphology, particle size, and its anion exchange capacity.
The crystallization and the properties of LDH in the microwave application was carefully compared with those of conventional method in terms of the structure, particle size, and anion exchange capacity of LDH.
The powder product after drying process followed by hydrothermal treatment showed explicit XRD peaks for Mg-Al-LDH, but the product in the state of slurry before drying process did not show any crystal structure at all.
The fast decomposition and crystallization during MW was expected compared to the CO, which will lead difference especially in their structure, morphology, particle size, and its anion exchange capacity between samples of MW and CO.
The higher than the theoretically expected value of AEC could also be explained due to the adsorption of anion on the surface of LDH in addition to the anions exchanged into the layered structure[8].

The X-ray powder diffraction patterns show that the compound is single-phase orthorhombic structure.
The room-temperature powder X-ray diffraction was used to study the structure of the compound.
Results and discussion The X-ray powder diffraction patterns of Pr0.5Ca0.5Mn0.99Al0.01O3 show that the compound is with single-phase orthorhombic structure.
The Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion of the Mn3+ can be counterbalanced by the doping of Al3+ on a microscopic level and the local structure can be more symmetric [12].
Raveau, Solid State Chemistry. 165 (2002) 5

Introduction In megawatt stage wind turbine gearbox, the long sun gear is a typical load sharing structure used in the planet stage.
Fig. 1 Structure of the spline pair in wind turbine gearbox Shrink Deformation of Spline Calculation of Shrink Deformation on Spline.
Different with the small torsion deformation of inner spline shaft, the outer spline has a bigger torsion deformation due to its thin wall hollow long structure.
Summary The theoretical tooth relieving curve of the spline in the sun gear with long axial size structure was got through the calculation introduced in the article.
(Chemistry Industry Press, Beijing, China 2006)