Search results

Another inspection technique for buried pipelines is to measure the electromagnetic parameters above the ground, and find out defects through analyzing the measurement data.
In order to get the optimal performance for noise reduction, noise matching of the amplifier must be considered.
It’s an instrumentation amplifier with the gain of 2000, which provides an excellent performance in noise reduction.
The output of AD630 at different phases between x(t) and r(t) We can find that the PSD, which is made up of AD630, is sensitive to the phase, which means that PSD is more effective in noise reduction than the full-wave rectifier.
It is positively correlated with the noise reduction of the lock-in amplifier.

When compared with other combination and also with untreated fiber the 10% addition has high tensile values due to reduction in diameter of fiber, improving crystalline packing, removal of hemicelluloses and other some surface impurities from fibers make fiber stronger after NaOH treatment [6, 21].
The main reason for low density and reduction in cross sectional area on optimally treated VSF due to chemical corrosions occurs on fibers outer surface during treatments and create damage [6].
· The optimal NaOH treated fibers had an increase of 43.58% in tensile strength and the treated fibers may improve the adhesion between fibers and polymer matrices by reduction wax content on fibers material
· The reduction of hemicellulose, wax and lignin from fibers on alkali treatment was proved by chemical analysis data studies

Introduction Current laws and regulations in the Czech Republic, as well as through the country´s membership of the EU, require reductions in energy consumption.
Recycling ensures the provision of raw materials in times of shortages, costs reductions when the prices of primary materials are increasing, and a reduction in the environmental burden produced by secondary raw materials.
The obtained data and the comparison of the results are shown in Table 1.
Another indisputable advantage is the reduction in financial costs during construction.

Statistical processing of experimental data was carried out using a mathematical modelling apparatus on the calculated coefficients of polynomial models of the "Composition-property" class.
External activation of polymer-containing compositions leads to reduction of their volume deformations by 13-40% that is most effective manifested when using fillers of mixed compositions.
Internal and complex activation leads to reduction of volume deformations of polymer composites on average by 2 and 2.5 times, respectively.
At the same quantitative composition of filler, an increase in particles specific surface to S2 and S3 provides reduction of volume deformations by 7% and 22%, respectively.
For all the accepted compositions of control systems, a decrease in the filler specific surface from S2=300 m2/kg to S3=500 m2/kg causes a reduction of volume deformations of filled polymer compositions on average by 16%.

Also, materials with lower bedding stiffness cause a high reduction in induced stresses.
This means that the change in the property of the material and compaction degree has a high effect on the reduction of tensile stresses than the effect of changing the bedding thicknesses.
A circular hole of 250 mm in diameter cut in each face to facilitate the monitoring of cracks growth, as access for wires of strain gages and LVDT’s to the data devices, and to read deflection measurements through dial gauge.
From equation 1 and 2, the bending moment is obtained as follows: M=(σi- σ°)2*C*I=εi-ε°2*C *Ec*I (3) The sign conventions are, the bending moment is positive when producing com in the outer fibers of the wall.The test results show that the bending moments of dense bedding were always greater than that of loose bedding as shown in Fig. 9 , which indicate the benefit of the using loose bedding beneath the buried concrete pipe in reduction the bending moments in the pipe section.
The bending moments of dense bedding were always greater than that of loose bedding, which indicates the benefits of the usage of loose bedding beneath the buried concrete pipe in reduction the bending moments in the pipe section.

Firstly, based on the design data of the plant, energy balance was constructed to obtain the thermodynamic properties of each stream.
It is also shown that the AFSCs of both condenser and feedwater pump reduce along the load reduction and that of regenerative system changes only slightly.
The AFSC of the last stage increases much larger with the load reduction, while that of the governing stage increases with the decrease of load during the constant pressure operation and remains stable during sliding pressure operation.
With the decrease of the load factor, the AFSC of regeneration system reduces slightly due to the reduction of AFSC of No.8 feedwater preheater.
However, considering the efficiency decrease of ST and feedwater pump with the reduction of load, the AFSC of feedwater pump will increase slightly and then decrease when the load changes from 50% to 30%.As is shown in Figure 9, the total AFSC of the shaft sealings of main and secondary turbine is 0.6-1.2g/kWh.

We chose high-field injection of electrons from the silicon substrate in order to provide the accumulation mode in the surface area of semiconductor and to eliminate an influence of space-charge region on experimental data [1, 11].
At the same time at the injection-thermal treatment a slight reduction of injection resources of the MIS structures and devices based on them can take place.
The resource reduction is caused by the charge degradation of both the gate dielectric and the semiconductor/dielectric interface observing at the charge injection [1, 8, 9].
The reduction of the injection resource raises with an increasing of the charge density of charge injected at the injection-thermal treatment.
Andreev, Modification and reduction of defects in thin gate dielectric of MIS devices by injection-thermal and irradiation treatments, Phys.

In this contribution, the influence of fibre-based sensor elements with selected dielectric jackets on the mechanical properties is investigated using an analysis of variances approach based on experimental data.
At this point, it is not clear, if these reductions are statistically significant and actually caused by the embedded sensory elements or if the reduction of the results is part of the material intrinsic scatter.
In detail, the PES fibre jackets (V1+V2) lead to a significant reduction in tensile strength, although the starch sizing reduced the impact slightly.
One explanation could be the local reduction in fibre volume content compared to the reference structure.

Through the analyses on the interview data, Nicole and Betty (2011) verified the influences of the propaganda delay on the hurricane evacuation [4].
(4) The real-time data of traffic road networks and vehicles can be obtained
Secondly, the access point and the optional road are confirmed, and the speed of the vehicle after entering the optional road can be calculated according to existing vehicles on the roads and basic road data as well as formula (11).
(1) Road data: the data including road node, road network, maximum vehicle speed, road length, road capacity of vehicles within per unit distance.
shows horizontal movement velocity of the hurricane, shows vertical movement velocity of the hurricane. (3) Data of objects evacuated: the basic data include quantity of groups evacuated, traffic tools, leaving characteristics of groups evacuated and so on.

Firstly, sonar data flow collected by multi-beam sonar is processed by median filter to reduce noise.
Firstly, the sonar image display and image filter pre-processing were completed using sonar data.
Sonar Data Collection The sonar we used for collecting the data throughout this paper is P450E imaging sonar from BlueView Technologies.
The distance and relative bearing of object Experiment and Result We have tested the underwater object detection and localization system on real sequences of sonar data.
The ability of the system has been demonstrated on real sonar data collected by P450E multi-beam sonar.