Search results

Despite this reduction, all configurations maintained a factor of safety above 1.2, indicating a globally stable structure.
Complementing these numerical frameworks, the shear strength reduction (SSR) technique has emerged as a standard approach for determining factors of safety in FEM analyses [7, 14, 16].
Numerical Study A topographic survey of the project site was conducted to establish elevation data for embankment construction.
The collected data were processed using Covadis software to analyze elevation variations and generate cross-sectional profiles of the terrain.
This principle forms the basis of the strength reduction method used in Plaxis 2D to compute the global factor of safety.

Pretreatment of Data.The data used in this paper are all derived from the measured data provided by Ningxia Electric Power Dispatching Center.
Due to the error existing in the process of measurement and transmission, the processing of bad data removal and data standardization is carried out before data calculation and analysis.
When there is no time delay, most of the two curves show negative correlation or slightly positive correlation (data in yellow).
When there is some time delay, the two curves can achieve a good positive correlation in different months (data in red).
Multi-objective optimization for combined heat and power economic dispatch with power transmission loss and emission reduction[J].

Nevertheless, the different experimental conditions previously used in several laboratories yielded inhomogeneous data, often contradictory.
Data are collected every 50 time steps during the last 10000 of 35000 time steps.
Zn addition causes a global reduction of ion leaching, and for HZ20 the detected concentrations of silicon, phosphate and zinc are very close to the detection limit of the instrument.
The results confirmed the morphological data obtained at 3 hours with cell behaviour comparable to control onto HZ5 and HP5Z5, and cell sufferance onto the materials containing higher Zn concentrations.
The high complexation degree of Zn-Si glass network explains the slow rate of Zn releases into the contacting media and provides insights into the overall reaction rate reduction of the Zn containing glasses.

An increase of lifetime due to superposition of cyclic component on the mean stress is explained by reduction of creep rate due to vibrations.
The data correspond to cylindrical smooth bars.
For higher mean stresses 760 and 800 MPa the experimental data show a detrimental effect of cycling.
The data were determined on notched specimens.
The data for <001> orientation show a clear beneficial effect of small vibrations on the lifetime; there is a maximum on the lifetime curve for the stress amplitude 75 MPa.

This paper provides data and certain reference value for the further study on phonological system of standard Chinese.
To provides data and certain reference value for the further study on phonological system of standard Chinese.
Conversion consists of three steps: 1) according to the scheme of pinyin, to separate initial\ final and tone of Chinese syllable, 2) the reduction of initial and final;Namely to restore the situation of shorthand in Chinese phonetic system.
The Statistics of Phoneme Frequency Phoneme frequency statistics is to quantify and statistics the frequency of initials, finals and tones in 2500 Chinese commonly used characters phonemic system, according to the data of frequency distribution ,we can have a more intuitive understanding of the distribution tendency of phonological in 2500 Chinese commonly used characters phonemic system, as well as do the system analysis of them.
By comparing the data of the final frequency distribution and the data of final weight distribution,found that the frequency and the weight of [uəŋ] and [ɹ] are the lowest, so the combination ability of them is the weakest.In 8 monophthong vowels, the frequency and weight of the five vowels [i], [u], [y], [ɣ], [ʅ] are high, [i] and [u] is the highest, thus it can be seen the combination ability of monophthong vowels is stronger than diphthongs and nasal terminal vowels in finals.

International Maritime Organization (IMO) has revised MARPOL Annex VI to accelerate the reduction of exhaust emission.
The temperature gradient of fuel change-over operation can be obtained by compiling all the data needed and apply the data to the Ubbelohde viscosity-temperature diagram.
t mIFO380 Tmix [hr] [%] [oC] 0 100.00 115 0.25 63.31 85.54 0.5 40.08 68.1 0.75 25.38 57.51 1 16.07 50.98 1.25 10.17 46.91 1.5 6.44 44.36 1.75 4.08 42.75 2 2.58 41.74 2.25 1.63 41.1 2.5 1.03 40.7 2.625 0.82 40.55 When the temperature has defined, the data are now complete for Ubbelohde diagram.
Apostolidis, Datum challenges associated with the use of low sulfur fuels. p. 11

The fusion data on the one hand is further used with object’s complex status and safety logic that have been set in advance to propel the lights, on the other hand, it is projected to the plan of airfield which display the real-time traffic situation for air traffic controller.
The reduction of surveillance range increase the reliability, performance and expandability.
From the perspective of update rate of surveillance data, radar equipment such as ASDE needs 1 second to update[16].Currently, the development of the high performance of intelligent video hardware increase the accuracy and processing rate which now descend to millisecond.
Eventually, the data can be used as surveillance data to propel automatic RWSL or as a backup or complementary surveillance equipment.
The evaluation index of data source the video processing technology provide In 2000,a set of Runway Incursion Prevention System(RIPS) whose data source include ASDE,1090MHz multilateration system,ADS-B and SSR was installed in Dallas-Fort Worth international airport.

The aim is to use the on-site monitoring system to realize the automatic collection of data sources and with the existing network resources in the plant the parameters are loaded to the plant-level real-time database to provide an opening data platform to all levels of management department of the plant.
The real-time data will be statistically analyzed and optimized to provide important basis to the normal operation of equipment and the reduction of producing costs.
Dual band (GSM900/GSM1800) and RS232 data port accord with ETSI compliant GSM0707 and GSM0705 and is easy to upgrade to GPRS module.
These lead feet can be divided into five categories such as the power supply, the data input/output, SIM, audio interface, control [4].
Every sensors of the fan receives the data and transmits them to PLC in real time.

In particular, the main target of this work isto investigate how different virtual prototyping approaches, each havingincreasing level of detail, can contribute to the appropriate prediction of the expected machine performance.These results are then compared with experimental data obtained on a real servomechanism prototype.
The comparison quantitatively demonstrate the improvement on torque prediction and position error reduction when detailed models of the controller and the electric motor dynamics are coupled with the mechanical system model.
Experimental results are derived at different crank speed namely 200, 300, 400, 500 RPM, the cycle time varying accordingly.As for the motor and controller parameters, data used for the co-simulation are reported in Tab.
Table II – RMS torque / position errors for different simulation approaches and varying crank speed RMS TORQUE ERROR [Nm] RMS POSITION ERROR [°] 200 RPM 300 RPM 400 RPM 500 RPM 200 RPM 300 RPM 400 RPM 500 RPM Simulation A 1.048 2.583 5.495 10.670 - - - - Co-Simulation B 0.765 1.531 2.786 5.984 0.137 0.242 0.282 0.343 Co-Simulation C 0.666 1.237 2.615 5.213 0.107 0.176 0.188 0.218 In addition, Fig. 10 reports the error between experimental and simulated data concerning Simulation A, andCo-Simulation BandC whereas Fig. 11 reports the position error normalized by maximum experimental error , the results concerning Simulation Abeing omitted for clarity.
The level of accuracy of the actuation system’s lumped parameter model highly depends on the available data, whose determination can be extremely time consuming.Concerning future work, the dynamics of the power converter will also be included in order to potentially improve the torque prediction capabilities on one side, and to closely simulate the energy requirement of the system, on the other.

The task of obtaining suitable welding parameters for the friction stir welding process is often a difficult one, due to the lack of published data and the fact that the exact mechanism by which the process operates has not yet been fully determined.
This reduction leads to the parameters being obtained more rapidly and at a substantially smaller cost.
Their main advantage is the fact that they allow a significant reduction of the number of experimental tests needed for conducting an optimization operation.
Pin to Shoulder ratio (φe/ φp) 300 400 500 2.5 0.014 0.014 -0.028 3 -0.014 -0.014 0.028 Welding Speed (V) [mm/min] Discussion and Conclusions By analyzing the data in Table 2 it can be concluded that the tool parameters, φp and φe, as well as the pitch angle α do not possess a strong direct influence in the welding quality.
The value for φe is selected by analyzing the data in Table 5, which means it should be 15mm.