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Abstract In the present work, an attempt has been made to analyze the factors influencing tool wear while milling Al/Al2O3/Gr particulate composites.
The regression equations obtained for the response factors by using multiple regressions for tool wear is given below.
· Analysis of variance for the developed model for milling characteristics revealed that the main significant factors that affect the tool wear is speed and feed respectively.
References [1] A.Arun Premnath, T.Alwarsamy, Evaluation of Mechanical Properties Of Aluminium Alumina Composites, International Journal Of Mechanical And Materials Engineering. 8 (1) (2013) 9-13
[3] K.Palanikumar, R.Karthikeyan, Assessment of factors influencing surface roughness on the machining of Al/SiC particulate composites, Materials and Design. 28 (2007) 1584–1591

Structural Analysis and Optimization Design of the Frame of YC460LC-8 Excavator Guang Lin Shi1, a, Kun Wu2,b and Lin Zhu1,c 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University of Technology, China 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Liuzhou College for Vocational Technology, China asgl8913@163.com, b21cdm@sohu.com, c603966620@qq.com Keywords: Hydraulic excavator; Frame; Finite element analysis; Optimization design Abstract: This paper based on a settled type of structure concerning hydraulic excavator rotary platform as the research object, use the method of finite element analysis to build the finite element model in the conditions of three typicals of representative working condition about this rotary platform.
Finite element analysis 2.1 Build the model Firstly, building the geometrical model in the PRO/E, simplify the small features like: the small round hole, little corner, which does not affect the strength performance of the structure[1], as the model is 1/2 symmetric structure,then in order to reduce the model calculation time, process the calculate by guide the 1/2 of the model to the Workbench, then define the contact relationship between each parts, finally use the method of 10 node and 3 degree of freedom entity unit solid187 to divide the gridding, the finite element model refer with Fig.1.
Fig.1 The frame structure's 1/2 finite element model Fig.2 The frame’s vertical working attitude Fig.3 The frame’s horizontal working attitude under the most dangerous working condition under the most dangerous working condition 2.2 Material's mechanical property The main material of the frame of YC460LC-8 excavator is Q345B, material's mechanics properties are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Q345B material's mechanics performance Material name Density (kg/mm^3) Elastic modulus (MPa) µ Yield strength (MPa) Intensity limitation (MPa) Q345B 7.85e-6 2.06e5 0.3 345 510-600 Safety factor can be ordinary selected from1.5 to 2 in the checking process of the working device's strength.
A practical designing method for the optimization of mechanical structure．Journal of Machine Design, 2003, 20(1): pp.41-43.

This paper is meant to relate the stress effect on material properties during Quad Flat No-Leads (QFN) stacked-die packages manufacturing processes.
Introduction In packaging technology, There are many failure factors in the Quad flat no-leads (QFN) packaging such as delamination, non-coplanarity on leadframe and warpage.
These factors can lead to the production in reliability of the final product [1].
There are several factors that affect the delamination failure, but underlying package geometries and mould compound properties are top among the causes.
Based on this overview therefore present work on the evaluation of the material, process and design factors which were studied by finite element analysis.

With the help of the springback simulation, Moreover the factors, which are significantly affecting springback, were studied.
Wrinkles of parts is caused by large pressure of the blank during the drawing forming, and is mainly because of insufficient feeding resistance of the binder surface or the designed poor manufacturability of parts and other factors.
The springback is the redistribution of stress inside the forming sheet metal after unloading, and the accumulative effect of the entire forming process, seriously affecting the forming quality of the part [2].
And there are a lot of differences in the friction during the forming of auto-body panels and general mechanical friction.
Friction is one of the most important parameters affecting automobile panels.

The integration of a sensor in food packaging and new smart packaging development will focus more on food safety (detecting microbial growth, oxidation, improving tamper visibility), food quality (detection of volatile flavors and aromas), shelflife, tracking, authentication, convenience, and sustainability of food products [8]. pH affects the sensory properties of many foodstuff.
Changes in Hunter colour values (L,a and b) of smart film indicator at refrigerated temperature (a) before in contact with pH buffer; and (b) after in contact with pH buffer pH was believed to be one of the important factor effecting the growth of microorganisms in food because it affects the microbial energy metabolism involving the build-up of gradient of hydrogen ions across membranes and microbial enzyme activity and stability of cellular macromolecules.
Further studies are needed on the effect of such colour indicators on the mechanical properties of the smart packaging films.
Antimicrobial Properties of Basil and Its Possible Application in Food Packaging.
Intelligent Packaging as Device for Monitoring of Risk Factors in Food.

For more intensive penetration of the liquid binder into the volume of the capillary-porous reinforcing structure, measures affected the viscosity properties of the liquid are used - transmission into its volume the oscillations with different values of amplitude-frequency characteristics - dynamic mode of the vacuum infusion process.
Traditionally, the theory of the research in this area is based on: - differential equations of mass transfer; - a three-phase fibrous filler structure consisting of solid particles bound by a free liquid phase; - contact task, describing the process of stress-strain state of the system and other factors that significantly affect the technological process.
In the zone of interaction of the viscous matrix with the reinforcing component, the hydraulic pressure H = H(x, y) acts, characterized by the filtration properties of the capillary-porous structure, the geometry of the phase interaction zone of the simulated system and the compression pressure P = P (x, y), which is determined the magnitude of the vacuum created by the means of VIE.
Textile is a porous medium and, therefore, has a certain number of cavities or empty spaces of various diameters in its structure, which affect the value of the filtration coefficient.
Kalinin, The use of mechanical vibrations as a factor in the intensification of mass transfer processes in the technology of processing capillary-porous structures.

To ensure the results of numerical simulation being meaningful, mechanical and physical properties assigned to numerical model should be determined as accurately as possible.
Unfortunately, mechanical properties derived based on laboratory and field test are often dispersive due to the influence of joints and fissures [1].
Back analysis techniques are nowadays frequently used to determine the mechanical properties of rock mass by using field measurement of displacement induced by excavation.
The Mohr-Coulomb plasticity model was assigned as constitutive mechanical model.
Each particle has two properties: position and fitness.

Tensile residual stress in friction stir welded (FSW) Aluminum alloy joints is well known to be detrimental to fatigue resistance properties of joints imperiled to dynamic loading.
The residual stress is measured for the FSW as-welded and high frequency mechanical impact/pneumatic impact treatment (HFMI/PIT)-treated conditions.
Large number of investigations has been carried out to study this phenomenon and its effect on the mechanical characteristics of these FSW components.
Lower heat input was concurred as the prime factor for lesser residual stresses.
Berhan “Model development for mechanical properties and weld quality class of friction stir welding using multi- objective Taguchi method and response surface methodology”, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 29 (6) (2015) 2323~2331 [8] Optimization of HFMI/PIT Parameters with Simultaneous Multiple Response Consideration using Multi-Objective Taguchi Method for Fatigue Life Enhancement of Friction Stir Welding, Proceedings of 68th IIW International Conference 2015, Helsinki, Finland

TRMs were developed over fifteen years ago, and several research studies have investigated their mechanical properties and their performance in retrofitted structures [1–3].
TRM composites are therefore often used for strengthening structures, and particularly for seismic retrofitting, due to their good mechanical properties and pseudo-ductile responses [7].
Secondly, TRM specimens manufactured with mortars M1 and M2 also show different maximum loads, indicating that mortar properties affect bond strength.
It was studied how different fiber configurations and mortar types affect bond behavior under cyclic loading.
Acknowledgements This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitively Factors ‎Operational ‎Program (COMPETE) and by national funds through the Foundation for ‎Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633.

These limitations, in general tend to be subject to degradation in the overall mechanical properties.
This piezo-resistive sensor has a gauge factor of up to 6 [3].
Also, this type of sensor can be used for detecting water intrusion in composite structures (humidity sensor) where the change of dielectric properties of the material is directly affected by the changing moisture content [9].
Also, this may prevent the epoxy resin from completely penetrating into the fibres (coated filaments) during the wet layup process, which can affect the mechanical properties of the composite.
In addition, the mechanical flexibility of the coated yarn was not affected by the PVD, which made the integration process much easier.