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It also can be seen that there is a strong diffraction peak at 2q of about 20 degrees from the (001) plane compared to other planes for all the thin films which indicates that the grains in the films have a preferential orientation along (001) direction.
The average grain size calculated from XRD pattern using the Scherrer’s formula is 9.095 nm [12].
Small crystallites are grown on the surface of VO2 films and the grain is irregular in shape.
Beside these major energy levels, a number of less intense satellite peaks are also present.

Methods and Objects The objects of investigation were natural gas hydrates obtained in samples of fine-medium-grained sand with different salinity.
In fine-medium-grained sand, 55.58% of the total mass of the sample falls on a fraction of 0.4 - 0.315 mm.
The degree of water conversion into hydrate (Wh, %) was determined by the formula (4) [24]: (4) where n – hydrate number, for the natural gas hydrate n = 5.67.
Conclusion The possibility of the natural gas hydrates formation in fine-medium-grained sand saturated with 5, 10, 15 %wt. sodium chloride solutions is shown.

The aim of this research is to synthesize nanoparticles and to maintain the grain size in nanoscale by encapsulating process.
As the grain size decreases, a critical size will be reached and single-domain (SD) magnetic particles with typical dimensions of about 10 nm will be formed where the grain can no longer accommodate a wall.
The very small (almost zero) remnant magnetic polarization value is related to several things such as the nanosized particles, very small number of agglomerated particles and particles are more likely to remain in suspension.

Fig.1 Schematic of the high-temperature solid particle erosion apparatus Experimental Details The raw materials were 3YSZ (99.5wt% pure, grain size 1μm, Orient Zirconic Ind Sci & Tech Co., Ltd., China).
Table 1 Relative density and mechanical properties of 3YSZ ceramic Specimen Relative density (%) Fracture toughness, KIC (MPa·m1/2) Vickers hardness, HV (GPa) 3YSZ 98.8 10.3(1.72)* 12.8 (0.98) * The numbers in parentheses give the standard error for the value of the facture toughness and the Vickers hardness.
The kinetic energy of the impacting particle goes into grain boundary cracking and the subsequent grain fall out creates peeling off with sheets.

Grain size distribution changed uniformly.
Grain size also changed.
However, grain size and sand content was less than 31.
It was divided into 4 sub-areas numbered T1-1, T1-2, T1-3 and T1-4.

Therefore, the growth rate of columnar grains based on P1 is slower than that on P2, and thus the smaller grain size is formed.
It is noted that Ni exhibits face-cubic center structure (fcc), with coordination number 12 and lattice parameter a = 3.520.
Because of the smaller grain size of electroless Ni plating, introducing P into fcc Ni structure can destroy the perfect structure, and form the amorphous behavior similar to liquid.

Database management system, which has responsible for the management of a large number of information, is a major component of information network, and its security plays a decisive role in the entire network.
The BLP model is designed to manage the data in a coarse-grained style, and the use of the access method "read down, write up" makes the subject with low security level can modify the high-security data though he can not read it, which damage the confidentiality of sensitive information.
Therefore, the more fine-grained access control policy should be designed to protect the security of the data.
Therefore, we separate the user’s read and write permissions, denoted by Sr (read permission) and SW (write permission), to apply fine-grained access control.

Total TiN deposition time was set to 300sec, but cycle number was varied as 300 for S-1 sample and 100 for S-2 sample, respectively.
Only amorphous Cu structures were detected for as-deposited samples, but Cu grains were grown after annealing at temperature of 400� C for 30min.
The Cu grain size was increased as the annealing temperature increased, and became approximately 100nm of grain size after 600� C annealing.

The characteristic feature is also their larger scope of occurrence in oxide films (Fig. 4 b), and more efficient dispersion of particles on the oxide grains, presumably resulting from the diversity of the oxide crystal growth directions.
The occurrence of Pt inside the oxide grains can be explained by high activity of Pt sorption in relation to the resulting oxides and the fact of Al atoms neighborhood around Pt particles.
The porous structure of the intrinsic oxide under the Al nanofilm promotes the diffusion of oxygen into this film, which probably allows growth of oxide grains towards the steel substrate and in the reverse direction, to the atmosphere.
The rapid growth of oxide crystals and the obstacle constituted by Pt particles generate large stress, which causes the chaotic directing the growth of a large number of small whiskers in the vicinity of solid crystals.

There are already several methods of recycling a concrete mix, where some methods directly calculate the separation of individual grains of natural stone from the cement stone.
This module calculates the electronics of the impact device automatically according to the formula, with the Poisson number being introduced as a constant with a value of 0.2 (sandy gravel).
According to Annex D, the recommended value of Edef,2 / Edef,1 for coarse-grained soils is ≤ 2,5. [5] Fig. 2 Example of a static load test [photograph by the author].
However, following all general procedures, such as loading and compaction of 100 to 150 mm thick materials, we have achieved through a static load test the excellent results meeting the conditions we have entered, such as the deformation modulus Edef,2 between 60-110 MPa and the recommended Edef,2 / Edef,1 for coarse-grained soils ≤ 2.5 according to Annex D.