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Online since: October 2010
Authors: Zong Jie Sun, Ze Jiao Dong, Xiang Bing Gong, Hao Liu
Firstly, a program was developed in finite element model to simulate actual mechanical behavior of vehicle at urban intersection, based on dynamic features of variable speed moving vehicle loads.
Uniform moving: The speed of uniform moving will be affected by the following factors: length of every load l, load time t0, thus the final speed can be expressed by:
(4) Material Properties The material parameters used in the simulation are shown in Table 1, which are common for many dense graded HMA in China.
Material properties used in finite element simulations Properties Upper asphalt layer Middle asphalt layer Lower asphalt layer Upper base layer Lower base layer Subgrade Material SMA-16 AC-25 AC-30 LFAS soil-lime e - Thickness[m] 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.38 0.36 5 Elastic modulus[Mpa] 1200 1100 1000 1200 400 40 Poisson’s ratio 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.3 0.35 0.4 Solid bulk density [kg/m3] 2500 2500 2500 2100 1900 1900 damping coefficient β 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Mechanics Responses Analysis Distribution of vertical displacement (a) Accelerating (b) Decelerating (c) Uniform moving (d) Time history Fig.2 Distribution of vertical displacement From the figures, it is shown that vertical displacement of pavement during starting and braking is larger than that under constant motion.
[4] X.D.Hu: Measurement of tire pressure distribution and mechanical response analysis of asphalt pavement, Tongji University (2003).
Uniform moving: The speed of uniform moving will be affected by the following factors: length of every load l, load time t0, thus the final speed can be expressed by:
(4) Material Properties The material parameters used in the simulation are shown in Table 1, which are common for many dense graded HMA in China.
Material properties used in finite element simulations Properties Upper asphalt layer Middle asphalt layer Lower asphalt layer Upper base layer Lower base layer Subgrade Material SMA-16 AC-25 AC-30 LFAS soil-lime e - Thickness[m] 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.38 0.36 5 Elastic modulus[Mpa] 1200 1100 1000 1200 400 40 Poisson’s ratio 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.3 0.35 0.4 Solid bulk density [kg/m3] 2500 2500 2500 2100 1900 1900 damping coefficient β 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Mechanics Responses Analysis Distribution of vertical displacement (a) Accelerating (b) Decelerating (c) Uniform moving (d) Time history Fig.2 Distribution of vertical displacement From the figures, it is shown that vertical displacement of pavement during starting and braking is larger than that under constant motion.
[4] X.D.Hu: Measurement of tire pressure distribution and mechanical response analysis of asphalt pavement, Tongji University (2003).
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Guo Xing Chen, Yan Gao, Jin Li Hu, Shu Hui Wu
The grain size reduction in combination with higher dislocation density causes many unique physical and mechanical properties of ECAP-manufactured materials.
Up to now most investigations on UFG materials fabricated by ECAP have been mainly focused on the microstructure [3,4], thermal stability [5,6] and mechanical properties [7,8] while there were rare works on the corrosion behavior of ECAP processed (ECAPed) materials.
(a) (b) Fig.3 (a) Polarization curves of as-received and ECAPed AISI 304 austenitic SS in 5 wt. % H2SO4 and (b) Ecorr and Icorr with respect to ECAP pass times Analysis and discussion According to Ref. [10], the grain boundaries play a primary role in many properties of ultra-fined grain materials.
For SS, one of the principle factors affecting its corrosion resistance in aggressive solution is the structure and stability of the chromium oxide film [14].
Up to now most investigations on UFG materials fabricated by ECAP have been mainly focused on the microstructure [3,4], thermal stability [5,6] and mechanical properties [7,8] while there were rare works on the corrosion behavior of ECAP processed (ECAPed) materials.
(a) (b) Fig.3 (a) Polarization curves of as-received and ECAPed AISI 304 austenitic SS in 5 wt. % H2SO4 and (b) Ecorr and Icorr with respect to ECAP pass times Analysis and discussion According to Ref. [10], the grain boundaries play a primary role in many properties of ultra-fined grain materials.
For SS, one of the principle factors affecting its corrosion resistance in aggressive solution is the structure and stability of the chromium oxide film [14].
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Lin Hai Zhang, Deng Qin Xue, Shu Lin Hou, Jia Xi Zhang, Yu Fu
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology 473004, china
3.
Introduction As a big agricultural country, China has abundant crop straw resources [1,2], According to Bi Yuyun and Cui Ming’s research, the amount of straw resources in more than 400 million t , straw biomass briquette is the main source of raw materials.Because different kinds of straw materials with the different physical and chemical properties , to change the main raw material for the forming and shaping of solid fuel combustion performance, other required materials are often mixed[3].
Combustion characteristics of mixed materials combustion characteristics of each material is linear or non-linear combination of the type and proportion of mixed material selection, and its burning characteristics will been affected.
Mixed with peanut shells or small wheat straw mixed materials in its activation energy in the combustion of volatile phases relative to the combustion of pure corn stalks, and its activation energy are reduced, but also shows that the pre-exponential factor reduces the intensity of combustion also reduces .
Add a small straw combustion characteristics of mixed materials and kinetic parameters less affected by wheat straw.
Introduction As a big agricultural country, China has abundant crop straw resources [1,2], According to Bi Yuyun and Cui Ming’s research, the amount of straw resources in more than 400 million t , straw biomass briquette is the main source of raw materials.Because different kinds of straw materials with the different physical and chemical properties , to change the main raw material for the forming and shaping of solid fuel combustion performance, other required materials are often mixed[3].
Combustion characteristics of mixed materials combustion characteristics of each material is linear or non-linear combination of the type and proportion of mixed material selection, and its burning characteristics will been affected.
Mixed with peanut shells or small wheat straw mixed materials in its activation energy in the combustion of volatile phases relative to the combustion of pure corn stalks, and its activation energy are reduced, but also shows that the pre-exponential factor reduces the intensity of combustion also reduces .
Add a small straw combustion characteristics of mixed materials and kinetic parameters less affected by wheat straw.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Guo Quan Zhang, Ning Zhang, Yan Hua Shi, Zhi Ping Huang
Screw Conveyor Design and Discrete Element Simulation Analysis of the Rice Mill
Yanhua Shi1,a, Guoquan Zhang1,b,*, Ning Zhang2,c, Huang Zhiping3,d
1College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
2Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
3Zhensheng Technology Co., Ltd. of Guangdong, Meizhou 514700, China
ashiyanhua122@163.com, bgquanzh@sina.com, clyuzhangning@163.com, d448104691@qq.com
Keywords: rice mill; screw conveyor; discrete element; simulation analysis
Abstract.
Overall program to determine On the milled white room cross-section of the rice mill, the fluid density of the rice grains is uniform, during the course of the campaign, the probability is less affected by bending and shear, and the broken rice rate is low, loved by the users.
Fig.2 The discrete element of analysis model Fig.3 The model of granular materials Set granular material, because of brown smooth surface, good liquidity, it can be defined as the ellipsoid approximation granular body [8], in discrete element analysis process will be simplified as brown granules hard sphere model, design and composition of 11 balls , based on the grain weight 25g, the appearance of brown particles shown in Figure 3, Specific properties of the particulate material are shown in Tab.1.
Physical properties of the particles is defined, the physical properties of materials is a major factor in the simulation results to ensure the accuracy of the parameters of the microscopic portion of the material is particularly critical for the simulation, the specific properties of the contact as shown in Tab.2 [9].
Tab.1 The Material Properties Table Material Poisson's ratio Shear modulus(Pa) Density(kg/m3) rice 0.3 2.3e+07 1670 steel 0.3 1e+10 7850 Tab.2 The Contacting the property sheet Interaction Recovery coefficient Static friction coefficient Coefficient dynamic friction rice—rice 0.1 0.6 0.01 rice—steel 0.3 0.5 0.01 simulation analysis, set the drive motor driven roller mill speed 1104.48r/min, to establish the total amount of grain produced particles is not restricted factories, can produce 5,000 per set rice, the running time of 3s, (which 1.5 seconds before the time for the grain filling species, as the spindle drive after 1.5s sand roller blade starts to rotate and rice), rice generated automatically numbered according to the order, select one of several rice mark, simulation analysis.
Overall program to determine On the milled white room cross-section of the rice mill, the fluid density of the rice grains is uniform, during the course of the campaign, the probability is less affected by bending and shear, and the broken rice rate is low, loved by the users.
Fig.2 The discrete element of analysis model Fig.3 The model of granular materials Set granular material, because of brown smooth surface, good liquidity, it can be defined as the ellipsoid approximation granular body [8], in discrete element analysis process will be simplified as brown granules hard sphere model, design and composition of 11 balls , based on the grain weight 25g, the appearance of brown particles shown in Figure 3, Specific properties of the particulate material are shown in Tab.1.
Physical properties of the particles is defined, the physical properties of materials is a major factor in the simulation results to ensure the accuracy of the parameters of the microscopic portion of the material is particularly critical for the simulation, the specific properties of the contact as shown in Tab.2 [9].
Tab.1 The Material Properties Table Material Poisson's ratio Shear modulus(Pa) Density(kg/m3) rice 0.3 2.3e+07 1670 steel 0.3 1e+10 7850 Tab.2 The Contacting the property sheet Interaction Recovery coefficient Static friction coefficient Coefficient dynamic friction rice—rice 0.1 0.6 0.01 rice—steel 0.3 0.5 0.01 simulation analysis, set the drive motor driven roller mill speed 1104.48r/min, to establish the total amount of grain produced particles is not restricted factories, can produce 5,000 per set rice, the running time of 3s, (which 1.5 seconds before the time for the grain filling species, as the spindle drive after 1.5s sand roller blade starts to rotate and rice), rice generated automatically numbered according to the order, select one of several rice mark, simulation analysis.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Yuan Cai Liu, Chun Mei Xu, Lu Chen
Shield type selection and construction scheme formulation
3.1 Shield type selection
Considering the factors that the shield excavation tunnel will crossing a large of urban village farmer private houses which has poor ability to resist risk and will through the airport and the peat soil in the future, decided to choose EPB shield.
There are a lot of factors may cause the ground displacement in shield tunneling.
Using the area as the test section, and through the test tunneling, master the basic properties of the shield.
It can help us familiar with the basic properties of the shield and the working conditions.
The grout has larger shrinkage factor.
There are a lot of factors may cause the ground displacement in shield tunneling.
Using the area as the test section, and through the test tunneling, master the basic properties of the shield.
It can help us familiar with the basic properties of the shield and the working conditions.
The grout has larger shrinkage factor.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Xue Ming Yang, Dong Ci Chen
In this regard, the formation of carbon nanotube junctions which has amazing electronic properties are a key issue and is still not fully understood.
These techniques proposed include electron beam irradiation or ion irradiation, mechanical manipulation with atomic force microscope, nanotube soldering, chemical functionalization, and heat welding.
Despite the progress made thus far, both the mechanics of the bond formation of the junction and the dominant factors in the heating-welding process have not been well studied yet.
There are many factors that affect the bond formation of the junction during the heating welding process, including the elevated temperature, wall-to-wall distance of the two crossed SWCNTs, chirality of the two crossed SWCNTs and the annealing time.
Defects distribution will also affect the heat welding process of the SWCNTs.
These techniques proposed include electron beam irradiation or ion irradiation, mechanical manipulation with atomic force microscope, nanotube soldering, chemical functionalization, and heat welding.
Despite the progress made thus far, both the mechanics of the bond formation of the junction and the dominant factors in the heating-welding process have not been well studied yet.
There are many factors that affect the bond formation of the junction during the heating welding process, including the elevated temperature, wall-to-wall distance of the two crossed SWCNTs, chirality of the two crossed SWCNTs and the annealing time.
Defects distribution will also affect the heat welding process of the SWCNTs.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Li Ning Wu, Zong Qi Liu, Jie Ji, Meng Si Tan, Jian Hua Zhang, Yong Tao Shen
Short-term Wind Speed Forecasting Based on Time Series-State Transition Method
Jie Ji 1, a, Yongtao Shen 2, b, Mengsi Tan 3, c, Lining Wu4, Jianhua Zhang5, Zongqi Liu6
1, 2, 3, 5, 6Transmission and Distribution System Research Institute, 4School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
aglossary@126.com, bsyt19880927@163.com, ctanmengsi1990@163.com
Keywords: wind speed forecasting; error; time series; state transition; time series-state transition
Abstract: Wind speed forecasting is of great significance to the improvement of grid stability and the reduction of operating cost.
Reference [1] utilizes Persistence Method to predict wind speed, whereas the accuracy is relatively low; reference [2] uses Kalman Filtering Method, which is on the assumption that the statistical properties of noises are the same.
Simultaneously, the state transition model can achieve the division of any single data types, without considering its affecting factors.
Among large numbers of history wind speed data which is influenced by various factors, there are also some abnormal data.
Reference [1] utilizes Persistence Method to predict wind speed, whereas the accuracy is relatively low; reference [2] uses Kalman Filtering Method, which is on the assumption that the statistical properties of noises are the same.
Simultaneously, the state transition model can achieve the division of any single data types, without considering its affecting factors.
Among large numbers of history wind speed data which is influenced by various factors, there are also some abnormal data.
Online since: February 2016
Authors: Arantzazu Valdés, María Carmen Garrigós
Nutritional and processing properties of plant-based foods are heavily influenced by wall properties.
As a consequence, plants have developed a range of morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms that enable them to avoid and/or tolerate stress factors and survive.
Characterization of starch films containing starch nanoparticles: Part 1: Physical and mechanical properties, Carbohydr.
Famá, Structural and mechanical properties of edible films made from native and modified cush-cush yam and cassava starch, Food Hydrocolloids 45 (2015) 211-217
Mechanical and water barrier properties of agar/κ-carrageenan/konjac glucomannan ternary blend biohydrogel films.
As a consequence, plants have developed a range of morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms that enable them to avoid and/or tolerate stress factors and survive.
Characterization of starch films containing starch nanoparticles: Part 1: Physical and mechanical properties, Carbohydr.
Famá, Structural and mechanical properties of edible films made from native and modified cush-cush yam and cassava starch, Food Hydrocolloids 45 (2015) 211-217
Mechanical and water barrier properties of agar/κ-carrageenan/konjac glucomannan ternary blend biohydrogel films.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Zhi Hai Tan, Zheng Ping Zhao, Wen Kai Zhai, Qiang Guo
Introduction
Nickel-aluminium bronze was developed in the early 20th century and has been widely used in the industry for its excellent mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance [1].
Nickel-aluminium bronze CuAl10Ni5Fe4 was developed on the basis of aluminium bronze [4] and showed higher strength, wear resistance and excellent anti-friction properties.
However, there are few reports on the tribological properties of CuAl10Ni5Fe4 so far, so it has great significance to study its tribological properties, wear resistant mechanism and the influencing factors.
The M2000A wear tester was used to investigate the tribological properties of CuAl10Ni5Fe4 cubical specimens under the sliding condition.
The content of Cu is low on the worn surface after prior corrosion that maybe one of the factors to reduce the wear resistances.
Nickel-aluminium bronze CuAl10Ni5Fe4 was developed on the basis of aluminium bronze [4] and showed higher strength, wear resistance and excellent anti-friction properties.
However, there are few reports on the tribological properties of CuAl10Ni5Fe4 so far, so it has great significance to study its tribological properties, wear resistant mechanism and the influencing factors.
The M2000A wear tester was used to investigate the tribological properties of CuAl10Ni5Fe4 cubical specimens under the sliding condition.
The content of Cu is low on the worn surface after prior corrosion that maybe one of the factors to reduce the wear resistances.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Ting Sheng Qiu, Fang Shi, Jing Zhong Kuang
Once passing 35%, the property will be worse.
When the alkali concentration reach a certain value, the active factor of the raw material release fully.
Therefore, to meet the aluminosilicate depolymerization conditions and no affecting the monomer polymerization, a reasonable range of alkali concentration can make balanceable between depolymerization and polymerization.
Than the best property of geopolymers will be obtained.
[10]Palomoa,Maclasa,Blancomt,etal.Physical chemical and mechanical characterisation of geopolymers[A].Proc 9th Int Congr Chem Cem[C].1992:505~511.
When the alkali concentration reach a certain value, the active factor of the raw material release fully.
Therefore, to meet the aluminosilicate depolymerization conditions and no affecting the monomer polymerization, a reasonable range of alkali concentration can make balanceable between depolymerization and polymerization.
Than the best property of geopolymers will be obtained.
[10]Palomoa,Maclasa,Blancomt,etal.Physical chemical and mechanical characterisation of geopolymers[A].Proc 9th Int Congr Chem Cem[C].1992:505~511.