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A staggering number of research papers on the substituted hexaferrites are appearing in recent years.
Synthesis of M-Type Hexaferrites For permanent magnetic application it is desired to achieve a fine grain size and a high magnetization.
Fine grain size can be achieved by modifying the synthesis procedure where as high magnetization can be achieved by suitably doping with aliovalent ions.
The increase in coercivity is due to finer grains. 6) Belous et al. [69] have carried out Mössbauer and magnetic measurements on M-type barium hexaferrite doped with (Co + Ti) and (Bi + Ti) ions.
Conclusions The method of synthesis of M-type hexaferrites plays a great role in control of particle size and grain boundaries, which in turn affect their magnetic properties.

High strength properties of this composition are determined by the presence of compressive stresses and the opportunity of retaining of tetragonal grains ZrО2 in a metastable condition at low temperatures.
Introduction Ceramic, made of partially-stabilized zirconium dioxide, is widely applied and replaces other oxide materials in a number of industrial branches.
A number of articles concerning the study of corundum-zirconium ceramic have been published in Russian and foreign literature [1-4].
High strength properties of CZC – 0.6 are determined by the presence of considerable compressing stresses, low temperature of contact melting, the opportunity of retaining of tetragonal grains ZrО2 in a metastable state at low temperatures.

In a multipass welding operation, the number of thermal cycles that the material undergoes during welding is same as the number of passes [15].
Generally, the columnar-grained weld metal outcomes in anisotropic microstructure dispersion, and microstructure constituents in C-Mn weld metal, i.e. grain boundary ferrite (GF) and acicular ferrite (AF), are heterogeneous as far as mechanical properties [23-25].
The heterogeneity of columnar-grained weld metal possibly impacts the mechanical property of weld joint [25-26].
The variation in properties across the weld can be attributed to several factors, like residual stresses just after welding. and other factors can contribute to this hardening like grain size, metallic inclusions, and it can be attributed also to the presence of lower transformation products and some ferrite morphologies like acicular ferrite [35- 36].
The hardness of weld joints decreased due to the removing the residual stress, grain growth and formation of considerable ferrite in the microstructure [37].

Architectural products of exterior finishing under atmospheric conditions are exposed to low temperature exposure, that leads to volumetric deformations in fine-grained concrete.
Consequently, the use of dispersed mineral additives in combination with hyperplasticisers can enable to obtain fine-grained concrete of high-density structure and increased strength of surface layers.
(introduced to replace a portion of cement); shares of fine-grained sand in the mixture with coarse-grained one Х2(GS) = 50 ± 20 p.m. per 100 p.m. of sand; polycarboxylate-based superplasticiser Х3(MF) = 0.5 ± 0.2 p.m. per 100 p.m. of cement.
The most important operational factors include the degree of concrete water saturation in addition to the number of freezing and thawing cycles.
The effect of fibres action is most probably related to the presence of an active hydraulic additive – clinoptilolite and the content of grains of a certain fraction in the quartz sand mixture.

The specimens according to the number of repairs were identified as 0R (as-welded), 1R, 2R, 3R and 4R respectively.
The heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal microstructure shows a structure of grains of ferrite with pearlite in the grain boundary.
In the subsequent repairs the welding process generates a grain refinement, which reduces residual stresses.
Stress-strain profiles obtained from the SSRT in NS4 solution in function of repairs number.
The formation and rupture of passivating film is favored at certain potentials, and because film rupture favors areas of locally high strain, such dissolution tends to be focused at grain boundaries.

Adding 1.0% Tungsten can improve the grain boundary nature, and form the strengthening of MC-type carbide.
Furthermore, since the Sigma phase is easily precipitate in grain boundary to reduce the toughness of steel, appropriate temperature should be selected to avoid precipitation of phase Sigma.
It can be seen from Fig.4(a) that the prior austenite grain structure is much uniform and the prior austenite grain size is measured about 6.0 according to ASTME112.
Figure 4 Microstructure of the steel,(a) grain size and (b) lath martensite structure of USS122 steel The high resolution microstructure of precipitates after aging at 540℃ was revealed in Fig.6.
It can be seen from Fig.6(a) that a large number of the precipitates with ellipsoidal shape and/or rod shape were precipitated in the martensitic laths after aging.

Pollution from nonpoint sources now constitutes the number one source of pollution in waterways, with agriculture being the single largest contributor.
It is also one of the major grain production bases in China and provides nearly a quarter of the country's commodity grain.
Efforts undertaken to help reduce nutrient and sediment losses from the Songhua River watershed include turning grain to green, judicious commercial fertilizer, and other management promotions.
Table 1 Physical properties and 210Pbex inventory of soil in slope transect Number Distance from top (m) Gradient (°) Soil moisture (％) Soil bulk (g cm-3) 210Pbex inventory (Bq m-2) Soil loss (cm yr-1) 1 10 0.9 14 1.16 7608 0.08 2 30 5.1 13 1.14 6049 0.22 3 50 6.0 12 1.19 6040 0.22 4 70 3.9 11 1.25 7079 0.12 5 90 5.4 8 1.23 5562 0.28 6 110 3.4 14 1.29 8464 0.03 7 140 5.6 11 1.20 6404 0.18 8 160 3.8 11 1.21 6344 0.19 9 214 0.2 16 1.12 5724 0.26 Comparison of measured 210Pbex inventories at the reference locations could identify that sampling sites were suffering from erosion or deposition.

The most outstanding problems of dynamic compaction dealing with foundation is not waterproof, causing a number of project accidents.
Its grain component, physical and chemical properties are showed in Table 2.
Table 2 Grain component, physical and chemical properties of loess Grain component [%] ＞0.05 [mm] 0.05-0.005 [mm] ＜0.005 [mm] 28.4 58 13.6 Density [kg/cm3] 1.44 Specific gravity 2.69 Liquid limit [%] 26.3 Plastic limit [%] 16.3 Coefficient of compressibility [MPa-1] 0.0042 Internal friction angle [°] 19.0 Cohesion [Mpa] 0.067 Coefficient of collapsibility 0.062 Initial collapse pressure [MPa] 0.035 Polymer SH, which mainly made up of chemical waste, was prepared by authors.
After reaching the number of the freeze-thaw cycles, dry the samples in drying oven at the temperature of 100℃-105℃, and then measure the dry weight and the compressive strength of the samples.

Liu et al found that Al2O3 inclusions can be modified by refining slag in ladle refining(LF) and vacuum degassing (VD) in H13 and the inclusions can be removed by electroslag refining (ESR), by which the large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries can be controlled [4].
The MgAl2O4 particles, acting as more effective heterogeneous nuclei and providing more nucleation sites than Al2O3 particles, induced the formation of more developed austenite dendrites, and a greater number, smaller size and more uniform distribution of primary carbides, which finally relieved carbide segregation.
Yan et al [14] found that the quenching temperature should be lower than 1080 oC in order to obtain fine grains for H13 steel.
Similarly, a large number of elongated V-rich carbonitrides exist in H13 ingot, the size of which could be up to tens of microns [36].
ESR can play a good role in inclusion removal, especially in controlling the large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries.

Field CBR testing surveys have been carried out using the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) tool to obtain a CBR value of 0.858%, while according to the Revision of the Road Pavement Design Manual (2017) Number 02/M/BM/2017 that the effective CBR value of subgrade is not less than 6% if not fulfilled then the soil needs to be stabilized[1].
Fly ash is a solid material and has a fine-grain shape and a grayish color.
Fly ash is a solid material that has a fine grain size and is gray.
The glass bottles are cleaned and then crushed to a powder form as shown in Figure 4 (b) which passes sieve number 100, preparing steel slag and fly ash as soil stabilization mixtures.
This means that the use of glass bottle powder is better to use no more than 10% considering the characteristics of the glass which are not binding between the soil grains.