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Introduction Tourmaline is favored by environmental, health and other fields because of pyroelectric, piezoelectric, the nature of the spontaneous polarization with the release of negative ions, 4~14μm infrared emission and other properties [1].
Then the properties such as partical size and whiteness were analyzed and yield the best result when the stearic acid content of 8%as shown in Figure 2.5.
Fig.2.5 Influence of composite powder whiteness with content of stearic Fig.2.5 shows dosage of stearic acid is one of key factors to the whiteness of composite powder.
Fig.2.6 Influence of stearic acid to viscosity and whiteness of coated following changes of temperature Heated temperature is one of key factors to the whiteness of composite powder.
Porous tourmaline molded up to ionization properties [J].

The thermal properties can be evaluated by various methods.
Applications include investigations of the physical properties of materials in concentrated sunlight, including spectral emissivity and absorptivity, mechanical properties, thermal expansion, conductivity and diffusivity, specific heat and others.
One of the factors that play an important role is the entropy of mixing between two polymers.
Main chain polyquinoxalines, [33] are representative class of materials, which combine the high electron affinity with high thermal and oxidative stability, outstanding mechanical properties and good film-forming ability [34].
The efficiency of sensitization depends on many factors, such as the form of aggregation and the presence of charged defects.

Recently, improvements in nanotechnology have led to the development of nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) such as nano-mechanical resonators.
They added a factor in their formula of thermoelastic damping K=(1+υ)(1-2υ) which is different from that of Lifshitz and Roukes [12], in which υ is Poisson's ratio.
Kidawa [14] studied the effects of internal and external damping on transverse vibrations of a beam induced by a free heat source by using the properties of the Green functions.
Rahmani et al. discussed the buckling and free vibration of shallow curved micro/nano-beam based on strain gradient theory under thermal loading with temperature-dependent properties [20].
Golmohammadi, Buckling and free vibration of shallow curved micro/nano-beam based on strain gradient theory under thermal loading with temperature-dependent properties, Applied Physics A, 123 (2017) 4

Furthermore, the heat treatment processes have significant influent on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper alloy.
This indicated the Sn and P elements were diffused toward the α-Cu grain during the heat treatment process, which improved the uniform distribution of Sn and P elements in the semi-solid copper alloy and increased the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper alloy.
Microstructure-dependent mechanical properties of semi-solid copper alloys.
Effect of extrusion rate on microstructure and mechanical property of copper alloy prepared by rheological squeeze casting.
Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of Cu-0.6Cr-0.2Zr alloy induction coil in electromagnetic steel-teeming system.

As its fascinating mechanical, chemical, optical, thermal and electrical properties, graphene offers utility in sensors, batteries, transistors and catalysis applications [18-20].
The effect factors including initial lead ion concentration, pH, contact time and temperature on lead adsorption by FGN were discussed.
The lead ions adsorption equilibrium and kinetic properties of FGN were determined through batch adsorption tests.
The existence of stability and controllable changes oxygenic functional groups on the surface of FGN is a key factor in determining the equilibrium adsorption capacity of heavy metals, but also affected by solution system pH, temperature and other factors.
Ruoff, Graphene and graphene oxide: synthesis, properties, and applications, Adv Mater, 22(2010) 3906-3924

Single factor experiment was used in this study.
Nowadays laser welding is widely used because of its advantages such as high power density, deep penetration, high-precision, adaptability, small heat-affected zone and residual stress.
Zeng, Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel joints by TIG, laser and laser-TIG hybrid welding, Opt Laser Eng. 48 (2010) 512-517
Zhang, Residual stress, micro-hardness and tensile properties of ANSI 304 stainless steel thick sheet by fiber laser welding,  Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 561 (2013) 136-144
Zhong, Effects of laser shock processing with different shocked paths on mechanical properties of laser welded ANSI 304 stainless steel joint, Mat Sci Eng A-Struct. 528 (2011) 4652- 4657.

Both the physical and chemical properties of materials, that are very small in dimension, is very much different from those which are made in bulk with the same material.
In this case, scaffold construct fills the space to provide cell anchorage sites and serves as structural cues, bioactive agents, and/or growth factors.
Therefore, the mechanical properties of the scaffold material are tested to withstand in vivo stress and loading (Hutmacher et al., 2000, Hutmacher et al., 2007).
However, the core structure of dendrimers encodes the physical and biological properties and is also responsible for inducing the polymerization sequence.
Making a tooth: growth factors, transcription factors, and stem cells. 

Pointed to character of flexible support of cave dwelling on prestressed anchor for geotechnical engineering, rheological mechanics was used to analyze support effects,and a new viso-elasto-plastic rheological model was built with locked minimum load formula abtained.Such is the property that bonding soil,surrounding soil,bolts and arc surface were studied.And the finite difference method(FLAC3D) with C++ and inline FISH program were applied to analyze stress, anchor,plastic state,shear strain rate and displacement distribution.Based on calculated results and investigation on spot, plenty of key parameters on whole bonged and prestressed bolt were studied.
The numerical calculation is coincident with testing factors.So the theory basis is provided for effective support engineering.
(1) Vertical displacement and anchor load after reinforcement a.after one month b.after two month c.after six month Fig.4 Contour of vertical displacement(Unit:m) The calculated results show in Fig.4 on rheological displacement after reinforcement.For surface layer restriction on arc, the maximum displacement is around 2.6cm after six month and deformation velocity will tend to convergenc compared to acceleration firstly,which will not affect on the stability,the reinforcement measurement is effective.
The results that have been calculated by numerical method FLAC3D with FISH and C++ program show the abtained formula and numerical calculation with rheological are coincident with investigation and testing factors on spot.
stability analysis of pile-slope systems”,Computer and Geotechnics,issue 32,2005,304-315,2005 [4] Iizuka A, Ohta H, “A determination procedure of input parameters in elasto-viscoplastic finite element analysis”, Soil and Foundation,Vol.27,issue 3,71-87,1987 [5] Ostermayer H , Scheele F, “Research on Gound Anchors in Noncohesive Soil”,Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Tokyo:the Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics Engineering, 96-103,1997 [6] JIA Jin-qing, ZHENG Wei-feng, “Study and application of flexible retaining method with prestressed anchor”,Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol.27,issue 11,1257-1261,2005(in Chinese) [7] JIA Jin-qing , ZHENG Wei-feng ,CHEN Guo-zhou, “Numerical analysis of prestressed anchor flexible retaining method”,Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol.24,issue 21, 3978-3982,2005 (in Chinese) [8] WANG ZY,XU J,LI Y P,et al, “Rheological numerical simulation for thermo- hydro-mechanical

Lotsberg presented analytical expressions for stress concentration factors in pipes subjected to internal pressure and axial force for a number of design cases based on classical shell theory to predict the fatigue life of the cylindrical shells [7].
Fatigue strength factor (Kf) is assumed equal be 1.
Monotonic and fatigue properties of the material are given in Table.1[11].
The major cause for the deterioration of fatigue properties is the stress intensification in the weld discontinuity area.
[7] I.Lotsberg: Stress concentration factors at welds in pipelines and tanks subjected to internal pressure and axial force, Marine Structures 21 (2008) 138–159

A material’s sound absorbing properties can be described as a sound absorption coefficient in a particular frequency range.
Porous absorbers are the most commonly used sound absorbing materials, however they do not have good absorption properties at low and mid frequencies.
In order to increase the absorption properties at low and mid frequencies, porous absorber should have larger thickness and size.
As described in the discussion for figure 4 and figure 5, air cavity depth was a main factor that can affect the noise absorption coefficient of perforated plate.
Acoustic Properties of Fibrous Absorbent Material.