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In the case of using reactive components, interaction of molten particles in the flow can lead to chemical reactions, formation new materials on the substrate, heterogeneous structure of the coating, and deterioration its strength and adhesive properties.
This is due to the fact that the interaction of molten particles of the substance before hitting the product can cause the formation of an inhomogeneous structure of the coating and lead to a deterioration in its strength and adhesion properties.
Trofimov, Structure and composition of Fe-Co-Ni and Fe-Co-Ni-Cu coatings obtained by detonation spraying of powder mixtures.
Korchagin, Possibilities of the Computer-Controlled Detonation Spraying method: A chemistry viewpoint, Ceramics International.

The Sintering Process and Mechanism of YAG Pore Gradient Ceramics Yue Liu1, Lin Chen1, Jieguang Song1,2, Huihui Luo1, Chenhui Wei1, Chunyan He1, Jiamin Sun1, Zhiqiang Guan1 1Key Laboratory for Industrial Ceramics of Jiangxi Province, School of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055 China 2Engineering Technology Research Center for Sponge City of Pingxiang City, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055 China asjg825@163.com Keywords: Yttrium aluminum garnet; porous ceramics; sintering process; gradient porous.
The sintering rate was 8 ℃/min and carbon emission temperature is 800℃, the structure of the YAG gradient porous material is good, the pores are uniform, and the strength of the sintered sample is high, The porosity is 25.7%, the compressive strength is 8.12MPa.
Therefore, the preferred manufacturing process should be able to strictly control the pore structure of the gradient ceramics to optimize the properties of the gradient porous ceramics.
The sintering rate was 8 ℃/min and carbon emission temperature is 800℃, the structure of the YAG gradient porous material is good, the pores are uniform, and the strength of the sintered sample is high, The porosity is 25.7%, the compressive strength is 8.12MPa.

Pecharapa2,4, e 1Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajabhat Rajanagarindra University Chachoengsao 24000, Thailand 2College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand 4ThEP Center, CHE, 328 SiAyutthaya Rd., Bangkok 10400, Thailand e-mail: akrisana_81@hotmail.com, bnarongdet.wo@gmail.com, csttchart@hotmail.com, dnaratipcmu@yahoo.com, ekpewisan@gmail.com Keywords: Al-doped ZnO, nanoparticles, sonochemical method.
For all samples, their crystal structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and surface morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The crystal structures and morphologies of as-synthesized and as-calcined powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (Panalytical X’Pert Pro MPD8 PW3040/60) using Cu-Kα radiation, operating at 40 kV and scanning electron microscope (JSM-6510), respectively.
All these peaks are well matched and indexed to ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure, respectively.

The sintering behavior, phase structure and dielectric properties of ceramics were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and inductance-capacitance resistance analysis.
The crystalline structures of samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction with Cu Kα radiation (D8 ADVANCE,Germany),40kV-40mA.
As shown in Fig.2, The XRD patterns of Ba2Ti9O20 ceramics crystalline structure is very stable with H3BO3 addition sintered at 1250℃.
Su: Materials Chemistry and Physics. 100(2006), p. 391

Such surface structures are highly susceptible to mechanical wear.
Mechanical abrasion can sometimes even alter the surface chemistry [15], leading to the loss of its hydrophobic properties.
Linear abrasion by using sandpaper was used to evaluate the mechanical stability of the coating structure: The samples were placed face-down onto the sandpaper under pressure of a mass of 200 g.
These observations prove that the water-based paint layer can effectively strengthen the structure of nanoparticles, and itself can tightly adhere to the substrate.

Although the structure of phyllosilicate kaolinite determines its good floatability on the condition of strong acid, the recovery of diaspore by yeast is 30% more than kaolinite when the diaspore is depressed by bacteria of LKD on the condition of weak acid, pH-6.
Studies have shown that the effects between kaolinite and collector is dominated by electrostatic adsorption, so it should be conducive to kaolinite floating under alkaline conditions, but in fact the opposite.The reason is that kaolinite's structure is phyllosilicates, each cell layer is combinated by Al-O octahedra and Si-O octahedral.So that oxygen atoms of Si-O tetrahedral in each cell layer and -OH of Al-O octahedra in the adjacent cell layer can form hydrogen bonds.
The main effect between yeast and diaspore is its chemical adsorption with -COOH, and the structure of phyllosilicate determines its fantastic floatability of kaolinite in the condition of strong acid.
References [1] Yuehua Hu.Chemistry of flotation on bauxite and desilicification for Bauxite.Science press.(2004), p.11-2

The crystal structure before and after leaching was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses using a CuKα source (Rigaku, RINT2500).
In the case of the nickel catalyst, Ni phase with f.c.c. structure is formed on the surface as a result of alkali leaching.
Jpn, Chemistry Letters (1986), p.1969.

The electrochemical property of cobalt borate as a novel anode material for lithium-ion battery Xixi Shi1,2,a, Xingjiang Liu1,b and Liangjie Yuan 3,c 1National Key Laboratory of Power Source, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin 300381, China 2School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300381, China 3College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China acshi6@163.com, bklpsc@yahoo.com.cn, cljyuan@whu.edu.cn Keywords: Lithium-ion battery, Anode material, Borate, Electrochemical property.
Nazar studied the anode property of Fe3BO6 and Cr3BO6 with the MIII3BO6 norbergite structure [2].
Expect the two diffraction lines which can not be indexed (indicated by asterisk), all other diffraction lines of samples can be indexed as the monoclinic structure with P21/a space group, which is isostructural with Mg2B2O5 (JCPDS No. 16-168).

Fig.6 The BOD5/CODCr of dyes around process Fig.6 showed, after being treating, B/C increased from 0.2 to 0.45 ,It showed that this technique can degrade the molecules with Anthraquinone Structure which can significantly influent biodegradability.
After being treating B/C increased from 0.2 to 0.45 ,It showed that this technique can degrade the molecules with Anthraquinone Structure which can significantly influent biodegradability References [1] Gemma Eibes ,Gianfranco Debernardi, Gumersindo Feijoo: Biodegradation Vol. 22(2011), p. 539–550 [2] Kim Tak-Hyun et al , Pilot scale treatment of textile wastewater by combined process (fluid biofilm process-chemcical coagulation) .
[7] YueZhong Wen, XuanZhen Jiang, WeiPing Liu:Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing Vol.21(2002) . p.175-185

Study of UV Curing Kinetics for Coating containing Siloxane modified Polyurethane-Acrylate Yusong Qi1,a , Jianwen Yang2 , Zhaohua Zeng2 , Yonglie Chen2 1 Department of Criminal Technology, Guangdong Police College, Guangzhou, 510275, China 2 School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou,510275, China a qiys12345@126.com Keywords: Photopolymerization, Kinetics, Siloxane, Polyurethane-Acrylate Abstract.The UV curing kinetics of coating containing siloxane modified polyurethane-acrylate were studied using photo-DSC (DPC).
The structure of SPUA and SPA are given in Figure 1.
Figure 1 The structure of SPUA and SPA Figure 2 Schematic diagram of DPC.