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Effects of Deformation on Surface Modification by Nitrogen Ion-Implantation Atsushi Yamamoto 1, Harushige Tsubakino1, Masami Ando2 , Lie Liu1 , Mititaka Terasawa1 and Tohru Mitamura1 1 Department of Materials Science and Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2Graduate Student, Himeji Institute of Technology, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-201, Japan Keywords: Ion-implantation, nitrogen ion, pure iron, iron nitride, Fe16N2, transmission electron microscopy, hardness.
Dislocation density was low in the annealed specimen (a), while dislocation tangles and cell structures were formed in the specimen cold rolled with 30 % and 90 % specimens, (b) and (c), respectively.
Dislocation tangles were not observed in (b), and cell structures Dark field images taken with 002�" spot on the ion-implanted specimens after annealing and after 90 % cold rolled are shown in Fig. 4 (a) and (b), respectively. �" particles in (a) are clearly Fig. 4 Dark filed image taken with 002�" on annealed and then ion-implanted specimen (a) and cold rolled with 90 % and then ion-implanted specimen (b). 200 nm (a) (b) (c) 100 nm 200 nm (a) (b) 100 nm (a) 200 nm (b) (c) 200 nm observed with about 10 to 20 nm in diameter, while those in (b) are observed as diffuse contrast with about less than 10 nm in sizes.

The solution method of the equations above is presented, and taking He number 104 to 27 wells as examples, the application calculation is Experimental 2.1 Internal structure of experimental pipeline.
In order to simulate the real oil Wells,according to the similarity principle,it is designed internal structure of experiments pipeline.
[5] Xiao Jianbo, Rheological Model Selection on Oil Well Cement Slurry, Oilfield Chemistry [J],1998,21(3), P71-72.

However, a particular structure of vulcanized rubber makes rubber recycling rather difficult compared to e.g. plastics.
Modulus is basically a measure of the stiffness of the material which is likely associated to the material’s network structure and crosslink density.
Noordermeer, Rubber Recycling: Chemistry, Processing, and Applications, Rubber Chem.

Nomenclature ba Anodic tafel slope bc Cathodic tafel slope Ecorr Corrosion potential Icorr Corrosion current density mm Millimeter CR Corrosion rate mV Milivolt µA Microampere (1x10-6 m) Introduction Corrosion is the most widespread form of metal deterioration, because most metallic structures and equipment installations are exposed to natural corrosive environments [1].
The marine environment can be divided into several zones, so the degree of its corrosion of the exposed marine structures are also different.
Shon, Effects of residual white rust of inorganic zinc silicate primer on corrosion protection of epoxy-coated carbon steel, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,16 (2010) 523-530

Anodic treatment of Zn-Ni alloy in alkaline solutions Artur Maciej1,a*, Joanna Michalska2,b, Wojciech Simka1,c, Maciej Sowa1,d, Tadeusz Gorewoda3,e and Grzegorz Dercz4,f 1Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland 2Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland 3Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland 4University of Silesia, Faculty of Computer Science and Materials Science, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland a*artur.maciej@polsl.pl, bjoanna.michalska@polsl.pl, cwojciech.simka@polsl.pl, dmaciej.sowa@polsl.pl, etadeusz.gorewoda@imn.gliwice.pl fgrzegorz.dercz@us.edu.pl Keywords: Zn-Ni coating, Zn-Ni alloy, anodic oxidation, steel protection Abstract.
The nodular-grain morphology of the surface is the mapping of non-treated Zn-Ni coating structure.
The addition of sodium silicate (35 and 70 mmol/dm3) to the bath did not cause significant changes of the structure (Fig 1b).

Recently, much attention has been paid to synthesis aliphatic polycarbonate macrodiols by green chemistry method [1-3].
The reaction course is presented in Scheme 2 (only two possible structures is presented).
The curing reaction course of urethane prepolymers is presented in Scheme 3(only one of the two possible structures is presented).

Porous Ceramics for High Temperature Filters Cristina GHITULICA1, a , Ecaterina ANDRONESCU 1, Oana NICOLA 1, Mihaela BIRSAN 1 1 University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, 1 - 7, Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, PO - BOX 12-134, Romania a cghitulica@yahoo.com Keywords: porosity, compressive strength, cordierite, filter Abstract.
While the sample without glucose is characterized by a low porosity, with submicron to maximum 5µm pores dimension, for the sample with 50% glucose, the interconnected porosity creates channels in the structure, with dimensions up to 20µm.
Ashby: Cellular Solids Structure and Properties (Second Edition), Cambridge Solid State Series, Cambridge University Press (1997)

Fig. 1 XRD pattern of MnS thin films deposited on glass substrate The films deposited in this work are of a polycrystalline nature with a hexagonal structure.
From the XRD analysis, it was confirm that the film possesses a hexagonal structure of MnS.
Gumus, Material Chemistry and Physics 138(2013) 817-822

Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Russian Federation, Moscow 119991, Leninskij av. 31, Tel/Fax +7 (095) 954-41-26, 2 Institute for High Energy Densities, "IVTAN" Association, Russian Academy of Science, Russian Federation, Moscow 125412, Izhorskaya st. 13/19 a v_sevastyanov@mail.ru , brpavelko@yandex.ru, cezhovyus@mail.ru Keywords: Transport, thermodynamic scanning, SiC+SiO2, chemical vapour transport, SiC nanocrystal growth.
In case of the bitemperature process (for T2 > T1) we have: SiCs + SiOg → 2 Sig + COg SiC evaporation at Т2 (3) 2 Sig + COg → SiCnanowhiskers + SiOg SiC deposition at Т1 (4) Since SiC evaporation and deposition take place within different thermal zones the SiC gas-phase transport mode is implemented and in this case the deposition from a gas phase takes place in the form of uniform-sized structures (whisker crystals, nanofibers, etc.).
Experimental Procedure The SiC vapour transport/deposition process was used to prepare a SiC/C composite with a skeletal structure.

The external corrosion of marine pipeline is mainly caused by chemistry or the electrochemical action, which can be prevented and controlled through the application of anticorrosion coating; however, there are many reasons causing the internal corrosion of pipeline, such as the internal impurity washing of crude oil, the chemical additive corrosion and the flow rate of crude oil within the pipeline, etc, which cannot be easily prevented and controlled.
Considering the symmetry of the structure and the load, only a 1/4 pipeline model needs to be established, the uncorroded area mainly adopts the hexahedron unit, namely the C3D8R unit; the meshing of corroded area is refined and the tetrahedron unit, the C3D4 unit is used on the whole area for free division.
Considering the symmetry of the structure and the load, a 1/4 pipeline model is established, therefore, the boundary adopts the symmetrical restraints.