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Online since: September 2010
Authors: Yoke San Wong, Mustafizur Rahman, A. Senthil Kumar, A.B.M.A. Asad, T. Masaki
Compound micro-machining is the most promising technology for the production of miniaturized parts and this technology is becoming more and more important and popular because of growing demand for industrial products with not only increased number of functions but also of reduced dimensions, higher dimensional accuracy and better surface finish.
After truing of the grinding wheel, it has to be electrically pre-dressed to protrude the grains on the wheel surface.
As grinding begins (3) diamond grains wear out and the layer also gets worn out.
The protrusion of diamond grains from the grinding wheel therefore remains constant.
Online since: June 2018
Authors: Oleksandr Shustov, Andrii Adamchuk, Olena Hladun, Oleksandr Bielov
The horizontal bucket Griss extractors (Fig. 4) used in the SMWP and in Eastern Germany till 1995 have a number of significant drawbacks.
Extraction of wax from a raw coal is itself a complex diffusion-mass transfer process, which is influenced by a number of factors: physical – grain size, moisture; physical-chemical and chemical – the age of coal, the solvent nature, the preliminary chemical and thermal preparation of coal; technological – extraction time, process temperature, pressure, phase ratio, type of process hardware design.
The fraction A3 is a turning point in the wettability of coal grains with the solvent.
However, when the extraction time is limited, the bitumen extraction ratio for grains of A4 – A5 fraction was minimal.
Studying the maximum number of factors affecting the production of montan wax, it was considered not only the technical side of the issue, but also the economic feasibility of its production.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jun Hao Chen, Zhao Ming Yao
Introduction Explicit model is the relationship between accumulated strain of soil, cumulative pore pressure and main influence factors, which was established based on the experiment or observation data, and it's research was based on the index model which was proposed by Monismith[1], it has mainly considered the exponential relationship between strain and the number of cycles, and model parameter contains many influence factors.
In order to study the influence that principal stress axis cyclic rotation on cumulative pore pressure under constant generalized shear stress in the condition of isotropic consolidation, have proceeded a test that is shown in Tab.1.In order to study the influence that cyclic variation of both principal stress angle and generalized shear stress on cumulative pore pressure, have processed cyclic torsional shear test under anisotropic consolidation, specific test project is shown in Tab.1,the loading frequency is 100HZ,the cyclic number is 1000 times.
It is obtained by the fitting of the first cycle cumulative pore pressure ratio and confining pressure normalized value and modified dynamic deviator stress level; has reflected the effect of confining pressure on first cycle cumulative pore pressure, it obtained by taking average of the value by index fitting confining pressure and the first cumulative pore pressure under the cyclic loading of different confining pressure and the modified dynamic stress ratio; has reflected the effect of the number of cycles on cumulative pore pressure, it obtained through least-squares fitting by and the number of cycles N.
Table1 The parameters of accumulative pore pressure explicit model 1.22 0.173 0.034 2.0 0.0385 1.37 0.5 0.32 Fig.2 Relationship between cumulative pore pressure and number of cycles in dynamic hollow cylinder tests under constant deviatoric stresses From Fig.2 we can see that the simulation result of cumulative pore pressure model is close to the test results, so the model can calculate the cumulative pore pressure under constant principal stress deflection of saturated soft clay.
Cumulative plastic deformation for fine-grained subgrade soils.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Yu.A. Bocharov, B.I. Semenov, K.M. Kushtarov, Yu.A. Gladkov, L.V. Khizhniakova
Synergy process of spontaneous advent of a large number of nuclei formation in the channel melt flow on the base of interactions between the adjacent particles has been secured [2].
The following quality factors have been used for a quantitative two-phase billet structure control: mean size of α-phase grains - Dα ; shape factor Fα=(SαL)2/4πAα (where Aα-mean square of grains); the degree of α-phase conjunction (skeletonisation) - Cα=2Sαα /(2Sαα+ SαL), where Sαα - total length of all boundaries of α-α phase; SαL- length of the boundary between α- phase and eutectic; quality criterion for a degree of a billet thixotropy K= Fα Cα ; The results are demonstrated in table 1.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Su Xia Liu, Wei Dong Wang, Yu Jie Zhao, Yuli Wang
It can be seen from the Fig.1 that the size of limestone powder was 0~10μm and the cumulative distribution 3.19μm (equivalent grain size).
Limestone powder is basically geometrical structure of no rule, its surface is smooth and it has a certain grain degree.
In addition it can provide a great number of crystal nucleus for hydrate products, which made hydrated reaction of C3S in cement speeded up by reducing the nucleation barrier.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Yu Liang Liu, Yu Fei You, C. H. Xu, Jun Peng Wang, Jin Feng Xiao, Yu Tao Dong
Fig.1e is the morphology of the specimen with three cycles of spin-coating at high magnification, showing that smooth and compact film pieces with a small number of large grains of less than 100 nm.
PZT film [6] prepared by traditional sol-gel process has grain sizes of about 100 nm and the surface roughness of approximately 50 nm, which can't be used for measuring the tunneling current by using atomic force microscope.
Online since: October 2018
Authors: V.A. Nosenko, A.V. Fetisov, Valeria E. Puzyrkova
The top of a grain only touches the material for 10-3 − 10-5 s, whereas the temperature alteration rate reaches 107 deg/s [1, 2].
Prior to microscratching, metal surfaces was machined with a fine-grain cubic boron-nitride abrasive wheel on a bakelite adhesive.
With the atomic number being increased in the second half of the period, -transitions are suppressed, and -excitations prevail.
Online since: March 2006
Authors: Victor M. López-Hirata, Alla Kabatskaia Ivanovna, Eduardo Oliva López, Ricardo Rodríguez Figueroa, Jorge Rodríguez Miramontes
The average hardness of the Nitinol and base metal were 445 and 270 Vickers hardness number (VHN) respectively.
The microstructure in the base metal of the GTAW process consisted of cold rolled grains.
The microstructure for the FB process showed recrystallized equiaxial grains.
Online since: October 2003
Authors: Tamaz Eterashvili, M. Vardosanidze
Stereographic and trace analyses were applied in order to reconstruct the orientation of the initial austenitic grains, and the habit triangles were plotted for martensite crystals.
Analysing the corresponding stereographic projections, containing projections of the reconstructed initial austenite grain, it turned obvious that in each case the general direction of the microcrack remains unchanged within the volume of the batch.
Their number and size also increase when carbon content rises in the steel.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jian Hong Deng, Wen Biao Li, Da Hua Jiang
Figure 4 Composite material E-1 the scanning electron microscopy (sem) figure Figure 5 Composite material E-2 of the scanning electron microscopy (sem) figure Figure 4 and figure 5 shows the sepiolite grain adsorption of laurel acid.
Figure 6 shows sepiolite grain adsorption stearic acid and laurel acid.
Through analysis, a large number of white phase change material bay acid or stearic acid and aurel acid was sepiolite adsorption in the pore surface or in the pits, that sepiolite can be used as phase change material packaging materials.
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