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Many studies have been done on the effect of austenization conditions on microstructures and mechanical performances in pipeline steels, such as heating temperature, heating rate, holding time, austenite grain size etc. [4,5]In the present paper, the dynamics of austenizing transformation was investigated using a high-resolution differential dilatometer, which resulted in a deep understanding on the austenizing transformation process.
On the other hand, the number of the particles with relatively large size is much lower than that of the kind with smaller size.
From Fig. 3b, many white grains can be seen in the 780 oC-quenched sample, which is the untransformed ferrite matrix.

Meanwhile because there is a large number of nucleation, the spherulite becomes fine.
The complete crystallization and the large crystal grain make the diffraction peak strong, sharp and symmetrical.
Meanwhile, the addition of GO destroys the structure of polypropylene crystallization grain.

NA and NB the are number of atomic planes of A and B in bilayered films, and Xλ is wavelength of the X-ray. 3.
This value agrees with that (0.6-1.1eV) reported in the literature for atomic diffusion along the grain boundaries in thin film systems[5].
This results suggest that atoms diffuse along the interface of Co/Ta and/or the grain boundaries in Co/Ta thin film.

Reviews 2a, 2b and 2c (Fig. 4) show the results of action of casting powder 2 through small erosions and changes of SEN samples' microstructure which are almost identical as primary SEN microstructure. 2a - shows smaller penetration of slag and rest of the primary SEN microstructure with good visible graphite (fiber) strips and grains of corundum, 2b - similar review of microstructure's appearance as in 2a, while 2c represents microstructures where directed graphite strips are appearing, and in the same time they prevent further penetration of slag.
The results of action of casting powder 3 which are shown in 3a, 3b and 3c (Fig. 4) represent the biggest erosion and deep penetration slag in microstructure, appearance of spinel and rather changed primary SEN microstructure with small number of corundum grains and graphite (fiber) strips.

Gasholder occurred a great number of leak gas dropped from 20 meter to 10 meter at the end of 2002.
Test results shown in Fig.2(b) have indicated that grain size of tissue of every region is uniform, and grain growth of thermal impact region was not found, but disperse blackspot existed in the matrix before erosion, seeing Fg.2(a).

A number of precision manufacturing applications use the lapping process as a critical technology to achieve thickness tolerance and surface quality specification[9].
The contact zone between the workpiece and the tool is fed continuously by the SiC abrasive grains slurry (see Fig.2).
The abrasive grains used were of silicon carbide (#1000 SiC) type whose properties were given in the following: hardness (9.4 Mohs), density (3.1 g/cm3) and elastic modulus (410 GPa).

Acknowledgement This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H05501.
Fukuya, Development of Micro Tensile Testing Method in an FIB System for Evaluating Grain Boundary Strength, Materials Transactions. 52 (2011) 20-24
Fukuya, Development of micro tensile testing method in an FIB system for evaluating grain boundary strength.

A variety of processes have been employed by a number of researchers to produce PZT films[1~3], such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), RF sputtering, pulsed laser reposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)[4] and sol-gel.
The AFM of the film RTA treated at 650°C for 1 min exhibites a narrow distribution of grain sizes, as shown in Fig.3.
Second, from AFM results, the dense thin film morphology also impedes space-charge accumulation at or near the electrode ferroelectric interface through grain boundary.

As the temperature increases above 1200°C, a 2D SiC layer is nucleated (see Fig. 2 b,c), but islands and grains incompletely buried or overgrown on top are observed by AFM and SEM (Fig. 3 and 4).
A typical AFM image of the sample grown at 1200°C is reported in Fig. 4 and shows the presence of large prismatic grains 2 µm wide and 1 µm high.
The insets show slope angle plots of the distribution of the facet inclinations obtained by measuring the number of points within a given area having a certain inclination from the surface plane.

In addition to various types of carbide precipitated at the grain boundaries of ferrite, randomly distributed Mo2C carbides were observed inside ferrite grains.
The parameters used in simulation are follows: electron energy 3 keV , beam radius 5 nm, number of electron to simulate 2000, total and partial cross section –Rutherford.