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The reason behind investigating Cu was to cover the three common plate HEs materials that were earlier mentioned, where we have previously explored the deposition of stainless steel 316L and aluminium films on substrates of similar bulk materials [20, 31].
Experimental Methodology Materials.
Wolfe, Review Nano and macro-structured component fabrication by electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), Journal of Materials Science, 40 (2005) 1-26
Rubahn, Effect of deposition rate on structure and surface morphology of thin evaporated Al films on dielectrics and semiconductors, Materials Science, 18 (2012) 313-317
Terpilowski, Hydrophilic and superhydrophilic surfaces and materials, Soft Matter, 7 (2011) 9804-9828.

Higashi: Materials Science Forum Vol. 419-222 (2003) [3] Z.Y.
Ding, Materials Science and Engineering A Vol. 392, (2005), p. 150 [4] S.B.
Shu: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 515 (2009), p. 152 [10] G.H.
Mitchell: An introduction to Materials Engineering and Science: for Chemical and Materials Engineers (Jone Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, 2004) [13] Q.M.
Pan: Materials Science and Engineering A Vol 528 (2011), p. 5914 [16] R.

The refractory alloys, being difficult-to-form materials in the narrow temperature range should provide requirement grain size and mechanical behavior according technological documents in finished products.
[5] Dayong, C., Wenchang, L., Rongbin, L., Weihong, Z. and Mei, Y. (2004) ‘On the accuracy of the X-ray diffraction quantitative phases analysis method in Inconel 718’, J. of Materials Science, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp.719–721
[6] Ganesh, P., Kaul, R., Paul, C.P., Tiwari, P., Rai, S.K., Prasad, R.C. and Kukreja, L.M. (2010) ‘Fatigue and fracture toughness characteristics of laser rapid manufactured Inconel 625 structures’, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 527, Nos. 29–30, pp.7490–7497
[7] Khana, Z.A., Hadfield, M., Tobe, S. and Wang, Y. (2005) ‘Ceramic rolling elements with ring crack defects – a residual stress approach’, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 404, Nos. 1–2, pp.221–226
Armstrong, Dislocation-mechanics-based constitutive relations for material dynamics calculations, Journal of Applied Physics. 61 (5) (1987) 1816-1825

The monodisperse spherical particles used as raw materials to prepare photonic crystal materials and multifunctional catalysts with core-shell structure have attracted wide attention and become the research hotspot in chemistry, materials science, and many other disciplines and cross-cutting areas [5]. 
Experimental Materials and Instrumentation.
Vol.72 (2004), p.175 [8] G.H Bogush and C.F Zukoski IV: Journal of Colloid And Interface Science.
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science.
Electronic Components & Materials.

Introduction Many studies have been devoted to give a good knowledge of the physical properties of polymeric materials often associated with other environmental stresses [1-3].Under service conditions, these materials are exposed to electrical fields, below the critical level required for rapid failure via an avalanche process.
Then the breakdown of these materials may occur.
Bretagne, "Quantification of Mechanical deformations induced by an electric in a semi-crystalline organic insulator, "Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol 93,(2004), pp. 2321-2321
Journal of Applied Sciences, 8, (2008), pp. 1206-1213
Martinez-Vega, A description of the various parameters at play during the electrical ageing process of organic insulators, Journal of Optoelectronics and advanced materials, Symposia, Vol. 1, n°5, (2009) , pp. 958-962.

Saggio, Morphological and electrical properties of Nickel based Ohmic contacts formed by laser annealing process on n-type 4H-SiC, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 97 (2019) 62-66
Alberti, Structural and electrical characterization of Ni-based ohmic contacts on 4H-SiC formed by solid-state laser annealing, Materials Science Forum 1062 (2022) 417-421
Michaud, Electrical, morphological and structural properties of Ti ohmic contacts formed on n-type 4H–SiC by laser thermal annealing, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 151 (2022) 106983
Michaud, Optimisation of Ti Ohmic Contacts Formed by Laser Annealing on 4H-SiC, Materials Science Forum, 1062 (2022) 219-223
La Magna, Simulations of the ultra-fast kinetics in Ni-Si-C ternary systems under laser irradiation, Materials 14 (2021) 4769

References [1] Singh R S,Rangari V K,Sanagapalli S, Nano-structured CdTe, CdS and TiO2 for thin film solar cell applications[J], Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 2004, 82:315–330
Defective Black TiO2 Synthesized via Anodization for Visible-Light Photocatalysis[J], ACS Applied Materials & Inerfaces, 2014, 6:1385−1388
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And then he created the VGC criterion about ductile failure by combing microscopic and macroscopic behavior of materials.
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Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transaction of the ASME, 1977, 99(1): 2-15 [3] Changqing Zheng, Keshi Zhang.
Journal of Structural Engineering, 2006, 132(12): 1907-1918 [5] Wang Y Q, Zhou H, Shi Y J, Xiong J.
International Journal of Steel Structures, 2011, 11(3): 351-366 [6] Liao F F, Wang W, Chen Y Y.

Introduction Metallic nitrides are the class of materials with set of useful magnetic, electrical, optical, chemical and mechanical properties [1, 2].
Those materials can possess better stability with respect to sulphur-containing flue gases [9].
The most catalysts used in industry are the materials with complex structure, extended surface and complex pore system [12].
Structural features of the materials can be controlled by changing the technological parameters of synthesis.
Journal of Materials Chemistry, 18 (2008) 4421-4425

Functional gradient materials are a kind of non-homogeneous composites with excellent mechanical properties.
Zhang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.134 (2003), p.206 [5] J.D.
Li: Journal of Materials Engineering, Vol.48 (2003), p.6 (in Chinese) [6] Y.S.
Zhang: Journal of Aeronautical Materials, Vol.25 (2005), p.5 (in Chinese) [8] F.T.
Xu: Fundamentals of materials science (Beijing Industrial University Press, China 2001) (in Chinese) [10] J.L.