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Online since: January 2021
Authors: Eman El-Shenawy, Hoda Refaiy, Hoda Nasr El-Din
As shown in the figures, Numbers of bainitic ferrite lathes and fraction of retained austenite films are greatly reduced with increasing holding time from 20 min up to 240 min.
Figure 3 demonstrates the change of Vickers hardness number (HV20) of TBF steel austempered at different high temperatures for 20 min and up to 240 min.
The decrease of hardness at each austempering time can be attributed to the reduced numbers of bainitic ferrite lathes due to the morphology change of bainitic ferrite (BF).
This is due to the formation of a larger amount of ferrite soft phase (see figures) upon the decomposition of retained austenite grains into ferrite and carbides.
De Cooman: Austenite stability of ultrafine-grained transformation-induced plasticity steel with Mn partitioning, S.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Gao Tou Meng, Qiu Feng Mao, Yan Chun Tang
The value of λ is related with soil properties, such as porosity, grain size, grain shape and specific surface of soil et al, and the position of water filter locating on the probe.
U (%) U (%) lg t (s) lg t (s) Fig 1 ~lg t curves of the first dissipating Fig 2 ~lg t curves of the second dissipating process measuring by mini-transducers process measuring by mini-transducers On CPTU model test, the number of the pore pressure mini- transducers is 13#, 11#, 18#, 20#, 12# and 17#.
The number of sample is 16, and the detail of sampling style is as follow: all soil sample have been sampled by 4 layers, on each layer there are 4 soil samples; in each one layer, 2 soil samples have been sampled by horizontal sampling style which have been used to test the vertical permeability coefficient, and 2 soil samples have been sampled by vertical sampling style which have been used to test horizontal permeability coefficient.
Table 6 Computing value of permeability coefficient on indoor test number sampling direction distance from the top of groove (cm) Kv (×10-7cm/s) number sampling direction distance from the top of groove (cm) Kh (×10-7cm/s) 1-1 horizontal 30 1.43 1-3 vertical 35 2.66 1-2 horizontal 30 1.81 1-4 vertical 35 2.30 2-1 horizontal 60 2.51 2-3 vertical 67 2.46 2-2 horizontal 60 1.65 2-4 vertical 67 3.31 3-1 horizontal 100 1.85 3-3 vertical 105 2.28 3-2 horizontal 100 1.79 3-4 vertical 105 2.53 4-1 horizontal 130 1.15 4-3 vertical 135 3.40 4-2 horizontal 130 1.39 4-4 vertical 135 3.17 average value of Kv 1.70 average value of Kh 2.76 Comparisons with the computing value of two test methods.
Acknowledgement This paper is supported jointly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (the approval number is 40172090 and 50809035), and the direct fund and the open fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area (China Three Gorges University), Ministry of Education (the approval number is 2008ZRJ06 and 2008KDZ02).
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Bo Wu, Meng Jun Li, Bin Zhang, Quan Zhang, Chao Jing Tang, Sha Meng Wen
The Cyclomatic Complexity is the number of linearly independent paths, which is generally defined by program control flow diagram as M = E - N + 2P.
Here, E represents the number of edges, N represents the number of nodes, P represents the number of connected components.
SDFuzz monitors and extracts the information from the target software process while keeps fine-grained dynamic taint analysis in mind.
SDFuzz realizes fine-grained taint analysis by marking taint source and propagating tainted data at byte level.
M3u buffer overflow vulnerability, which has EDB-ID number: 30336 in EDB database.
Online since: September 2010
Authors: Chang Q. Sun, R. Cai, W.K. Tan, Fern Lan Ng
The type of substrates will be indicated as the prefix and the number for spray passes will be indicated as a suffix.
It decreased marginally when the number of spray passes was increased from 50 to 80 passes.
coating still remained as high as 70° even increasing the number spray passes.
It has a dense coating of round grains.
SEM observation reveals rod-like, round grains and smooth surface for An, AmH and Am coating.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Guo Qi Wei, Yu Zhou, He Kun Guo
The value does not only depend on effective porosity, but also controlled by grain’s size, shape, sorting, and consolidation degree [1].
These samples covers varies lithology, including sandstones with grain size from 10mm to less than 0.1mm, and volcanic rocks of tuff, andesite, granophyre, basalt, trachyte, and rhyolite.
The following formula is used to calculate the total entropy of attribute A: , (3) where N is the total number of samples, Nij is the number of samples in group j which also belongs to class i.
The number of layers and the number of neurons in each layer depend on the complexity of the problem and designer's experience.
The number of hidden layers selected by the GA is 5, and the average neurons in each layer is approximate 30.
Online since: January 2020
Authors: Xin Sheng Xu, Zhen Huan Zhou, Chee Wah Lim, Ying Li Chen, Zhen Zhao, Wei Wang
The effects of stripe numbers on the energy absorption performance is investigated.
It is also found that the stripe numbers highly depend on the structural sizes, unsuitable stripes number may reduce the buckling stability and periodicity.
Stripe numbers are divided into two categories: even numbers and odd numbers, the ultimate buckling modes are displayed in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Among the 12 models, it can be found that as the stripe number grows, fold number also increases correspondingly.
Lu, Modeling grain size dependent optimal twin spacing for achieving ultimate high strength and related high ductility in nanotwinned metals, Acta Mater. 59 (2011) 5544-5557
Online since: November 2007
Authors: Besim Ben-Nissan, Kanthi Lewis, S.M. Valenzuela
Cell numbers were determined via a standard curve.
In order to confirm that cytotoxicity was not the reason for the reduced number of cells observed on the coatings, a test of the total number of dead cells in each well was determined.
The control coverslips also showed a number of dead cells over time, however to demonstrate the coating effect on cell death, the cell numbers have been compared to that of the control (Fig. 5).
Dead cell number compared to the control at time intervals 3 hours, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days Std dev.
Figure 6. cell number after 7 days, Figure 7.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Jack K. Luo, Greg Ashley, Williams I. Milne, Y.Q. Fu
The calculated average grain size from the XRD curves varies from 15~30nm.
Figure 2a and b show the dependence of the grain size and surface roughness as a function of film thickness.
The streaming velocity strongly depends on the design of the SAW resonator; SAW devices with a large number of fingers produce high streaming velocity since more electrical energy is converted into acoustic energy.
(b) The total distance moved for a 0.5µl droplet as a function of pulse number for an RF signal of 40 V and a pulse width of 100ms.18 A pulsed RF signal can be used to control the droplet motion in a precise manner and controlled distance for lab-on-a-chip applications, and can also be utilised to suppress the acoustic heating.18,22 Figure 5b shows the dependence of the moving distance of a 0.5µl droplet as a function of the number of pulses applied.
The total distance moved increased linearly with the number of pulses applied.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: P. Govindarajan, S. Sisodia, S. Srikanth, P. Saravanan, K. Ravi
The ingots were subsequently soaked at 1150 oC for 3 hrs for thermal/ compositional homogenization and hot rolled in number of passes to 6 and 16 mm strips in Hillé experimental rolling mill with finish rolling temperatures of 950-980 oC.
The established grades of duplex stainless steel in the world today are referred by their Unified Numbering System (UNS) designations such as UNS S32707 (hyper duplex), UNS S32750 (super duplex), UNS S32205 (standard duplex), UNS S32304 (lean duplex) and UNS S32101 (lean duplex) [5-10].
The convexity of austenite grain boundaries and the concomitant concavity of ferrite grains clearly indicate that the austenite nucleates and grows into the antecedent ferrite phase.
The elongated appearance of grains, crystallographic texture and resulting anisotropy, evident in the micrographs, are very typical features of duplex stainless steels.
Incidentally, compared to the low-Ni duplex stainless steels, the Ni-free DSS was observed to exhibit more equiaxed grain structure.
Online since: January 2006
Authors: Maria W. Richert, Lech Olejnik, Andrzej Rosochowski
Since the amount of equivalent strain produced as a result of one pass of the material through an ECAP die is about 1.15 (for 90° angle between channel passages), the number of passes usually required varies from six to ten.
In attempt to simplify the process and increase productivity, the number of channel turns in the die was increased [1,2,3,4].
Adding more channel passages, which follow the described pattern, can easily increase the number of channel turns as illustrated in Fig. 1b for three turns.
Increasing the number of channel turns to three, requires the plane C to be perpendicular to plane B (Fig. 2b).
Grain sizes for ECAP through the 120° channel are slightly larger and characterised by lower misorientation angles compared to the case with 90° channel.
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