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The interaction of laser and metal power materials is one of key scientific problems in laser fabricating [3-5].
Dong: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 392-394 (2009), pp. 443-447
Gedda: International Journal of Microstructure and Materials Properties, Vol. 5 (2010), pp. 164-177
Urbikain: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 210 (2010), pp. 2125-2134
Gu: Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 15 (2009), pp. 244-254

Three Dimensional Simulation of Thermal Pad using Nanomaterial, Nano-Silver in Semiconductor and Electronic Component Application Mazlan Mohamed1,*, Rahim Atan2, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah3, Muhammad Iqbal Ahmad1, Mohd Huzaifah Yusoff1, Fathinul Najib Ahmad Saad4 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UiTM Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UiTM Shah Alam, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech) School of Materials Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis 4Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Email: Mazlan547@ppinang.uitm.edu.my Key Words : Thermal pad, PLCC package, Thermal management, Numerical simulation, Average junction temperature, Nano-Silver .
Factors affecting the chip temperature such as coolant velocity, chip power and thermal conductivity of materials are studied and presented. 2.0 The Numerical Model 2.1 Governing Equations The basic equations describing the flow of fluid are conservation of mass, conservation of momentum and conservation of energy.
The simulation results are obtained with 4 PLCC’s with differences materials between nano-silver and epoxy are presented accordingly. 3.1 Effect of nano-silver material on Junction Temperature 3.1.1 For 4 PLCC, 0.5 W Chip power Figure 2 shows the contour of total temperature for 4 PLCC at 1W for velocities 0.1 and 1 m/s.
Discrete Thermal Sources Flush-Mounted on the Wall, Transactions of the ASME, journal of electronic packaging, Vol. 120, pp 510-514, 1998
Bayazitoglu, Forced convection Cooling Across Rectangular Block, Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 109, pp 321-328,1987

Introduction Metal powders play an important role in the production of polymeric materials.
Metal powders can improve optical, mechanical [3], thermal [4] and electrical [5] properties of a polymer materials.
Materials and experimental procedures Acrilonitril butadiene styrene (ABS) was used as matrix components.
References [1] Zhu, K., Schmauder, S., Prediction of the failure properties of short fiber reinforced composites with metal and polymer matrix, Computational Materials Science, Vol. 28 (2003), p. 743
[9] Lux, F., Journal of Material Science, Vol. 18 (1999) p. 1457 [10] Krupa, I., Chodack, I., European Polymer Journal, Vol. 37 (2001) p. 2159

Journal of Changchun College of Engineering ：Natural Science，2008,6(01): 29-31
Journal of Dongbei University: Natural Science. 2013,34(07): 1049-1052
Journal of Building Structures, 2003,24(05): 1-9
Construction and Building Materials, 2003. 17(6-7): 471-489
Journal of Dongbei University ：Natural Science. 2010,31(07): 1035-1038

The water stability evaluation of new materials.
The low temperature deformation performance of new materials.
The bonding properties of new materials.
The paving and observations of field pavement test proved that: new materials has good stress absorption properties and can be used as stress absorbing layer of new materials.
[11] Zhi-yi HUANG, Jin-chang WANG, and Xiang-rong ZHU: submitted to Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science) (2007), Vol. 41(1). p.114-119.

In terms of ease of use, efficiency and widely applicable, solvent extraction is the most frequently used as the preparation extract of the plant materials.
Solvent such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and the aqueous mixtures of these chemicals are the most suitable solvent used broadly for the extraction of phenolics from plant materials.
Ahmadun, Methylene Blue Removal from Aqueous Solution by Hylocereus undatus (Dragon Fruit) Foliage, Applied Mechanics and Materials. 625 (2014) 864–869
Ejikeme, Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Phytochemical Contents of Indigenous Nigerian Softwoods, New Journal of Science. 2016 (2016) 1–9
Baskaran, Evaluation of Functional Properties of Hylocereus Undatus (White Dragon Fruit), International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research. 7(5) (2017) 451–456

Study on varying curvature push-bending technique of rectangular section tube, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 187-188 (2007) 476–479
Experimental study on wall thickness variation in NC bending of 6061-T4 large diameter thin-walled tubes, Materials Science and Technology. 2012 (19) 40-44
Three-dimensional bending of profiles with stress superposition, International Journal of Material Forming. 2008 (1) 133-136
Free bending-A new bending technique in the hydroforming process chain, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2005 (167) 302-308
Bending Limit Curve for Rotary Draw Bending of Tubular Components in Automotive Hydroforming Applications, SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing. 2009 (1) 841-848

Khovaylo, Volume change during intermartensitic transformations in Ni-Mn-Ga alloy, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, (2014), 23, 3180-3183
Irfan, J.Feng, Magnetization behavior of NiMnGa alloy nanowires prepared by DC electrodeposition, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, (2020), 498, 166232
Peng, Structure, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Ni2MnGa Heusler alloy nanowires, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, (2020), 513, 167100
Ullakko, Magnetically controlled shape memory alloys: a new class of actuator materials, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, (1996), 5, 405-409
Rohan, MEMS based fabrication of high-frequency integrated inductors on Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite substrates, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, (2016), 406, 89-94

The structure of stircast Al-Cu[J], Journal of Materials Science,1985,20,20:4335-4344 [9]Li T, Huang W D, et al.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2002, 125-126(1-2): 309-316
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science Edition, 2007, 22(1): 74-76
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003, 138 (8): 306-310 [46] Chen X Y, Zeng D B.
Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 1995, 5(11):312- 324

Journal of Chang an University :Natural Science Edition, 2009,29(6):28-31
Journal of Chang an University:Natural Science Edition, 2006, 26(6):19-22
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology:Transportation Science & Engineering, 2006,30(6):969-972
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011,71-78:278-283
Advanced Materials Research, 2011,225-226:1171-1176.