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Introduction Ni-base superalloys have excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance and improvements in its properties are expected to lead to the increase of the output power and efficiency of jet engines and gas turbines.
In our previous research, the oxidation behavior of Ru-containing Ni-base superalloys with various amounts of Hf was examined [14] and it has been clarified that the addition of Hf to the superalloys is effective to improve the oxidation resistance by affecting to the adhesiveness of the scale at the interface of the oxide and the substrate.
In order to add a large amount of Hf to the alloy without degrading the mechanical properties, Ta was substituted with Hf.
So, it is important to know a role and necessity of Ta in the oxidation property of Ni-base superalloy.
In our previous research [14], Re has been found that it degrades the oxidation resistance under the condition of Ru existence, and so Ru and Re must be considered as factors in the degradation of the oxidation resistance.

It is unclear how the presence of these contaminants directly affects the properties of Ti, but there is ample circumstantial evidence that suggests that by-products of these contaminants can cause porosity during consolidation.
Small volume fractions (<1-2%) of microscopic (less than a few mm in diameter) pores do not seem to affect tensile properties of Ti alloys because they are quite ductile, but these same pores can act as fatigue crack initiation sites during cyclic loading.
The basic mechanical properties of the materials consolidated by several of the methods mentioned earlier are acceptable, albeit typically higher in strength with somewhat lower, but acceptable ductility.
Some of these factors are related to market size and cost, but these factors are every bit as important to the acceptance of new production methods as the technology itself.
Clearly this situation will be more readily achieved for static than for dynamic properties.

The main factors of the delamination are thermal stress, hygrostress and vapor pressure.
The material properties needed for moisture diffusion study are D and Csat.
In the present work the material properties are shown in Table 2 [12].
These results accord with the material properties for moisture diffusion (Table 2).
Therefore, the delamination seriously affects the using life and reliability of package.

Production test process control 823 steel chemical composition and mechanical properties are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.
Compared with the traditional ingot casting, the superheat in continuous casting tundish affects the segregation and solidification greatly.
Based on the properties of 823 and the process of continuous casting, considered the mould powder composition, viscosity, melting temperature, melting speed and crystallization temperature, medium carbon steel mould powder was used to produce 823 steel[8].
Results and discussion The results of macroscopic examination, microscopic examination and mechanical properties of random sampling show that all the index meet the requirements.
The properties of steel bloom meet the requirements.

Introduction Ultrathin plate-like elastic structural elements with excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties have been widely applied in Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) and Nanoelectromechanical Systems (NEMS) in recent years [1,2].
Therefore, much attention and great interests have been attracted to study the mechanical properties, especially the elastic response of these elements due to their aforementioned scientific and technological significance [3-5].
It is known that the surface of solids, a region with very small thickness, is different in arrangement of atoms and properties from those of the bulk materials [6,7].
And in this model, the influence of the nonlinear terms, normal stress, static and dynamic factors are incorporated.
Shenoy, Size-dependent elastic properties of nanosized structural elements, Nanotechnology 11 (2000) 139-147

However, the geometry of natural valve is very complex and there are variety of parameters can affect performances of the valves.
Introduction Prosthetic valves could be categorized into two types including mechanical valves and bioprosthetic valves with their own advantages and disadvantages.
The parameter C selected as 51.6 [3] represents a constant that is based on the discharge coefficient used for the aortic or mitral valve, and the unit conversion factors to result in the computed area in terms of square centimeter.
For the same material properties, the higher thickness often resulted in higher stiffness to the leaflet which produced a bigger resistance to the movement of the leaflet.
Column#/Factor Level Description 1 Height(mm) 17.5 2 Angle(degree) 0 3 Thickness(mm) 0.3 This study investigated biomechanics of three PU valve models using ABAQUS.

The temperature field distribution directly impact the microstructure and mechanical properties of weld joint, and at the same time, the analysis of the temperature field is also a theoretical basis to study FSW welding mechanism and welding parameter optimization.
It also has important practical value to determine welding parameter, to optimize the welding process, to control the welding joint’s microstructure and mechanical properties, and to improve welding quality [5, 6].
Fig. 2 Temperature variation in the penetration period Stir tool Design The design of the stir tool is a critical factor as a good tool can improve both the quality of the weld joint and the maximum possible welding speed.
The plunge depth will directly affect the overlap of the weld joint, so it is important to choose appropriate parameters.
In FSW process, the plunge depth will directly affect the performance of the weld joint, and process parameters can be easily obtained for thin wall FSW using this platform.

Standard procedures for light optical microscopy (LOM) typically include cutting, mounting in resin, mechanical grinding, and polishing.
Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) improves lateral resolution by a factor of ~1.5 through optical sectioning and image reconstruction [2].
However, despite AI's potential, a comprehensive approach remains necessary—from sample preparation to image acquisition—since the quality and diversity of input data directly affect the accuracy of results [6].
This process resulted in optimal mechanical properties and the highest retained austenite content.
This was followed by mechanical polishing with Struers DP-P diamond pastes of 3, 1, and 0.25 μm grain sizes.

Mach peening process is one of many of techniques utilized for improving fatigue properties.
The compressive residual stress, induced by mach peening, seems to be an important factor for increasing the fatigue strength. 1.
Table 1 and 2 shows its chemical elements and mechanical properties, respectively.
Table Table Table Table 2222 Mechanical properties of SNCM Ultimate strength(MPa) Yield strength(MPa) Elongation δ (%) Vickers hardness (Hv) 736 590 14 270 Table 3 Conditions of mach peening Content Condition Shot ball diameter (㎜) 0.2 ㎜ Shot ball velocity (㎧) 400 ㎧ Air pressure (atm) 70 atm Exposure Time (s) 180 sec Stand-off distance (㎜) 10㎜ Project angle 90° Nozzle diameter (㎜) 4 ㎜ Table 4 Measuring condition of residual stress.
At that time, the transformed energy is affected by the velocity and hardness of the shot ball and the impact angle between the shot ball and the surface.

The second is high energy mechanical ball milling.
References [1] Hajipour, Mohammad Javad, et al: Antibacterial properties of nanoparticles.
Silver I: its antibacterial properties and mechanism of action. 
Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characteristic Properties and Therapeutic Applications. 
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles at room temperature using aqueous aloe leaf extract and antibacterial properties.