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Ltd. coupled to a PC, and the system was controlled and data recorded using the CorrTest software package.
On the scan towards more negative potentials, a reduction wave is observed at Epc -0.453V.
When and , the equation 1 is approximated to express as (2) There is a linear relationship between the net cathodic current density and overpotential, and the ratio of overpotential and net cathodic current density is charge transfer resistance Rct, that is (3) According to the test data of cathodic polarization curves of graphite felt electrode in electrolyte with soluble lead(II), Fig. 2 showed that the linear relationship between net cathodic current density and overpotential.
The oxidation and reduction peak potentials were basically unchanged with the increase of cycle number, and the oxidation and reduction peak potentials were -0.044 V and -0.454 V, respectively.
The reduction peak potentials of Pb(II)/Pb couple on the graphite felts treated with methanesulfonic acid (99.8%) increased and the oxidation peak potentials decreased, which decreased the difference of the reduction and oxidation and was advantageous to oxidation and reduction reactions of Pb(II)/Pb couple on the graphite felts.

The rolling texture of FCC metal sheets has been investigated experimentally up to around 95 % of rolling reduction, and the maximum rolling reduction investigated was around 99 %.
The reasons why the rolling reduction more than 99 % has been rarely investigated are simple.
The 15c ARB is equivalent to the rolling reduction of 99.99695 %, when 50 % rolling reduction is applied at each ARB cycle.
The measured area is 30 mm×30 mm for ARB 4c and 30 mm×20 mm for the other samples. {111} Pole figures (PFs) were constructed from EBSD data using OIM analysis (TSL) with the orthotropic assumption.
Summary The texture evolution of commercial purity aluminium ARB processed with lubrication was investigated above rolling reduction of 99 %, and the maximam reduction of 99.99695 % was achieved by ARB 15c.

Micro-hardness value increased with greater percentage reduction.
-0.17 -0.12 -0.07 -0.02 0.03 0.08 0.13 0.18-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature ( oC) Heat flow (W/g) 10% reduction 20% reduction 30% reduction 0 1500 3000 4500 6000 7500 9000 10500 12000 13500 0 0.5 1 1.5 Deflection (mm.)
Load (gf) 10% Reduction 20% Reduction 30% Reduction Figure 2a.
Load-deflection curves of NTC and 30% reductions heat-treated at 400°C with 10%, 20% and 30% reductions heat- treated at 400°C Partial superelasticity was obtained in NT, cold-rolled at 30% reduction and heat-treated at 400°C for 1 hour.
This information is valuable as baseline data for further development of locally-made nickel-titanium alloy wires used in orthodontics.

Carbothermal Reduction and Nitridation of Çanakkale Origin Kaolin for SiAION Powder Production Z.
Table 1 gives the chemical composition of the kaolin, based on supplier's data.
The calculation of the stoichiometric amount was based on the data given in Table 1, assuming that the mineral was totally free from water molecules.
The change in and data from weight measurements before and after CRN show the success of the process.
Metselaar: Reaction-rate-limiting steps in carbothermal reduction processes.

Introduction The discovery [1] that, in a number of metals the lifetimes of thermalized positrons is strongly affected by the presence of lattice vacancies in thermal equilibrium, has developed into one of the most flourishing applications of positrons to solid-state physics; particularly since the trapping model [2,3] has provided us with a theoretical framework for analysis of the experimental data.
In [4-7] the advantages of this method in obtaining both qualitative and quantitative data on behaviour are pointed out.
The samples were then deformed to give thickness reductions in the range of 2.2 % to 34.9 %.
The data for the lifetime spectra were analyzed by using the PATFIT88 computer program [9].
As shown in figure 4, the defect concentration increase is linear with increasing thickness reduction, but the increase is slight in the thickness reduction range of 2.2 to 15 % and hugely increases in the next range of thickness reductions.

In this study, surrogate models are constructed to approximate the behavior of simulation models for springback angles, sidewall curl, and sheet thickness reduction in U-bending process.
Then, surrogate models are constructed utilizing the training data.
First-order PRS is found to be most accurate surrogate model for prediction of the springback angles, side wall curl, and sheet thickness reduction.
In this work, 12 parameters are considered as the essential process variables affecting the occurrence of springback angles, sidewall curl, and sheet thickness reduction.
To calculate the MAE, first a surrogate model type is constructed N times (where N is the number of training points), while leaving out one of the training points as the validation data each time.

All these data will be produced, transferred, changed, accumulated accompanied by the evolution of assembly process, creating a complex data stream which leads to the chaotic management and the reduction of production efficiency.
The data form will change from static design data to dynamic execution data and feedback data, reflecting the characteristics of the data evolution with assembly cycle
Data Management in cycle dimensional evolution Integration of three-dimensional design data.
In order to avoid the data lose and the time waste caused by the conversion from 3D design data to 2D process data, process design should inherit the three-dimensional design data.
Mapping between process design data and execute data.

Because less data can be hidden on the small vector data set , its copyright is very difficult to obtain protection, and the data is vulnerable to attack, so a new double watermarking algorithm was proposed in this paper.
However, it may play a good role in verification of data integrity.
This article from the airspace and frequency domains discussed in terms of a small amount of data to vector data watermarking method for copyright protection based on vector data.
Data shown in Fig 2 is used in the robustness testing of shifting, rotation, scaling.
Fig.4 Cropping Test Table 2 shows the similarities between the original images and the extracted images after performing the two cutting methods of gradual reduction on the watermarked data.

Hence, the accuracy of experimental data that obtained from traditional method is questionable and disputable.
Reduction 10% (b) Reduction 28% (c) Reduction 36% Fig.7 The results after image processes at different reductions of height for rough plate Friction Calibration Curves To plot the diagram of friction calibration curves the theoretical approach is used to calibrate the experimental data obtained from ring test.
Fig. 8 shows the friction calibration curves compared with the experimental data obtained by image processing procedures.
It is shown that the experimental data obtained from this paper are very good as compared to the friction calibration curves.
Hence, the experimental data obtained by this method are more reliable than the traditional method.

Surface strain data, potentially derived by full-field optical methodologies are used in the assessment of the delamination pattern, through strain field perturbations caused due to damage evolution.
Relations between delamination damage and surface strain field disturbances are established by exploiting data decomposition methods using Zernike polynomial moments.
Figure 3: Indicative contour plots of x-component of strain of the surface layer when the delamination damage is located at different interfaces (interface 2, 5, 7, 14, 15, 20) Delamination Damage Detection Using Shape Descriptors and Artificial Neural Network A number of shape descriptors (Zernike moment, Tchebichef, Discrete Fourier transformation, etc) can be used for data reduction to simplify data introduction into the Artificial Neural Network (ANN).
In the present study, the Zernike polynomials (Eqs. 1-3) are used for decomposition of the strain data taken from the previously described numerical simulation of the stiffened panel.
ρn-2s (2) Vn,mx,y=Vn,mρ,ϑ=Rn,m(ρ)eimϑ (3) The most important Zernike terms derived from data decomposition are then used to train an ANN, which maps the delamination damage parameters to shape features of the surface strain disturbance, i.e. the strain difference between damaged and undamaged panel.