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Online since: August 2016
Authors: Sebastião Elias Kuri, Maria Eurenice Rocha Cronemberger, Sandra Nakamatsu, Neide Aparecida Mariano, Carlos Alberto della Rovere
The formation of intermetallic phases alters the properties of duplex stainless steel and is therefore a crucial factor in its performance.
The presence of these phases deteriorates the properties of steel, due to the uneven distribution of alloying elements and their depletion in adjacent regions [1, 2, 4, 5, 6].
The cooling rate is an important parameter that can affect time and temperature during exposure of the material to heat treatment or under working conditions.
Conclusion The cooling rate used after the solution annealing treatment affects the corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS.
Alvarez Armas: Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering Vol. 1 (2008), p. 51
The presence of these phases deteriorates the properties of steel, due to the uneven distribution of alloying elements and their depletion in adjacent regions [1, 2, 4, 5, 6].
The cooling rate is an important parameter that can affect time and temperature during exposure of the material to heat treatment or under working conditions.
Conclusion The cooling rate used after the solution annealing treatment affects the corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS.
Alvarez Armas: Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering Vol. 1 (2008), p. 51
Online since: July 2016
Authors: Joško Ožbolt, Nicola Nisticò, Serena Gambarelli
The mechanical properties of the CFRP laminate are obtained from the standard coupon tests [2] and the here adopted mechanical properties of Matrix and Fibers are summarized in Tab. 1.
Fig.1 : Corner radius variation of the columns Table 1: Mechanical properties of CFRP Mechanical properties Fibers Matrix Modulus of elasticity [MPa] 211000 3000 Poisson’s ratio - 0.25 Compressive Strength [MPa] - 88.0 Tensile Strength [MPa] 4205 78.0 Table 2: Mechanical properties of concrete Mechanical properties C30 Modulus of elasticity Ecm [MPa] 29500 Poisson’s ratio 0.2 Compressive Strength [MPa] 30 Tensile Strength [MPa] 3 Fracture energy [J/m2] 90 In the first step of the study the parameters of the microplane model are calibrated for concrete and matrix.
As specified in [23] the concrete microplane parameters are set to correctly reproduce the macroscopic mechanical properties, minimizing the error between experimental and numerical stress-strain relationships in the case of unconfined concrete.
The concrete composition assumed for the numerical simulation of R75 is schematized in Fig. 11: Fig.11 : Concrete mesostructure:a) aggregates; b) mortar matrix; c) concrete Material properties and FE model The mechanical properties of CFRP used in the analysis are summarized in Tab. 1.
In Tab. 5 are summarized macroscopic properties of mortar matrix also used in the numerical study.
Fig.1 : Corner radius variation of the columns Table 1: Mechanical properties of CFRP Mechanical properties Fibers Matrix Modulus of elasticity [MPa] 211000 3000 Poisson’s ratio - 0.25 Compressive Strength [MPa] - 88.0 Tensile Strength [MPa] 4205 78.0 Table 2: Mechanical properties of concrete Mechanical properties C30 Modulus of elasticity Ecm [MPa] 29500 Poisson’s ratio 0.2 Compressive Strength [MPa] 30 Tensile Strength [MPa] 3 Fracture energy [J/m2] 90 In the first step of the study the parameters of the microplane model are calibrated for concrete and matrix.
As specified in [23] the concrete microplane parameters are set to correctly reproduce the macroscopic mechanical properties, minimizing the error between experimental and numerical stress-strain relationships in the case of unconfined concrete.
The concrete composition assumed for the numerical simulation of R75 is schematized in Fig. 11: Fig.11 : Concrete mesostructure:a) aggregates; b) mortar matrix; c) concrete Material properties and FE model The mechanical properties of CFRP used in the analysis are summarized in Tab. 1.
In Tab. 5 are summarized macroscopic properties of mortar matrix also used in the numerical study.
Online since: December 2016
Authors: Xiang Shen, Zhong Min Xie, Yong Quan Deng, Song Ji
Among these techniques, computational simulation has become a prevalent tool to study mechanical properties of stent [11-13].
The large stent deformation is mainly relied on the plastic deformation and its material properties has entered into the nonlinear phase.
The mechanical properties of the material were as follows: the Young’s modulus: 201 GPa and Poisson's ratio: 0.3.
So it could be seen that the connector shape greatly affects the LSS.
Therefore, it could not only satisfy the LSS but also ensure others properties of the stent to achieve design optimization.
The large stent deformation is mainly relied on the plastic deformation and its material properties has entered into the nonlinear phase.
The mechanical properties of the material were as follows: the Young’s modulus: 201 GPa and Poisson's ratio: 0.3.
So it could be seen that the connector shape greatly affects the LSS.
Therefore, it could not only satisfy the LSS but also ensure others properties of the stent to achieve design optimization.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Pavol Korček
Wood and its properties
The popularity of wood in construction is increasing mainly due to its qualities, which in some ways can be considered unique.
Mechanical properties of wood are affected in particular by its anisotropic character, so in a direction perpendicular to fibers are the values of the strength considerably lower than in a direction parallel to fibers. [1] While low density, wood has high strength and it is also highly elastic. [3] Flammability of wood is probably one of the reasons why wooden houses are prevented from widespread.
Ďurica, Flammability of building materials - factor of fire safety of structures, Building materials. 4-5 (2010) 18-22
Mechanical properties of wood are affected in particular by its anisotropic character, so in a direction perpendicular to fibers are the values of the strength considerably lower than in a direction parallel to fibers. [1] While low density, wood has high strength and it is also highly elastic. [3] Flammability of wood is probably one of the reasons why wooden houses are prevented from widespread.
Ďurica, Flammability of building materials - factor of fire safety of structures, Building materials. 4-5 (2010) 18-22
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Hui Chen, Yan Jie Zhang, Zhang Yu Gao, Shi Nan Li, Hong Mei Yu, Wei Xu, Lu Ning Yu
This study through test to find how to solve the problem of salt bath ageing and what is the rule of the microstructure and property with the change of substrate material.
But when adding rare earth elements, we should pay attention to the amount and avoid vanadoboriding caused by excessive rare earth elements which can affect the performance of the coating [5-7].
According to the inference can know solution of carbon content in the matrix material is formed with a certain thickness of the main factors influencing vanadium carbide cladding [7].
Cladding forming speed will be affected by heat preservation temperature, the temperature of substrate solution carbon content, salt bath to the factors of vanadium potential in high and low.
The study on growth dynamic model and friction and wear properties of vanadium carbide coating on SDC99 steel by salt bath method.
But when adding rare earth elements, we should pay attention to the amount and avoid vanadoboriding caused by excessive rare earth elements which can affect the performance of the coating [5-7].
According to the inference can know solution of carbon content in the matrix material is formed with a certain thickness of the main factors influencing vanadium carbide cladding [7].
Cladding forming speed will be affected by heat preservation temperature, the temperature of substrate solution carbon content, salt bath to the factors of vanadium potential in high and low.
The study on growth dynamic model and friction and wear properties of vanadium carbide coating on SDC99 steel by salt bath method.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Jiu Hua Xu, Zhi Bo Yang, Ai Ju Liu
The relevant
characteristics of the special powder mixture, the microstructure of the interfacial region, which are
both the key factors for determining the joining strength among the Diamond grains, the filler layer
and the steel substrate, are investigated extensively by means of scanning electron microscope
(SEM) and energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS), as well X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
Among these three categories of bonding agents, metallic bonding agents offer optimal mechanical and thermal properties and are the optimal bonding material in the fabrication of diamond tools.
Laser beams with high energy density and low energy input have the properties to function in such an application.
These attributes can achieve the goals of short heat treatment duration, small heat affected zone and consequently minimal deformation of the substrate and high efficiency of the production of diamond tools.
Otherwise, the pull-out behavior of diamond grains from the connecting layer could be observed, which is always familiar with the traditional electroplated abrasive tools because of the low binding strength induced by the mechanical incrustation force between the connecting layer metal and the grains.
Among these three categories of bonding agents, metallic bonding agents offer optimal mechanical and thermal properties and are the optimal bonding material in the fabrication of diamond tools.
Laser beams with high energy density and low energy input have the properties to function in such an application.
These attributes can achieve the goals of short heat treatment duration, small heat affected zone and consequently minimal deformation of the substrate and high efficiency of the production of diamond tools.
Otherwise, the pull-out behavior of diamond grains from the connecting layer could be observed, which is always familiar with the traditional electroplated abrasive tools because of the low binding strength induced by the mechanical incrustation force between the connecting layer metal and the grains.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: N. Grittner, Axel von Hehl, Barbara Striewe, Florian Nürnberger
Since the mechanical properties of metallic composites highly depend on the existence and formation of an intermetallic layer, the bonding zone of the compounds were investigated.
Due to the differing material properties the compound production process has to meet demanding requirements.
Objectives To improve the mechanical properties of co-extruded asymmetric profiles the compositions of the bonding zones were investigated.
Additionally, the mechanical properties of the compounds were determined.
Collings: Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium alloys, Materials Park, Ohio, ASM International, 1994 [8] W.
Due to the differing material properties the compound production process has to meet demanding requirements.
Objectives To improve the mechanical properties of co-extruded asymmetric profiles the compositions of the bonding zones were investigated.
Additionally, the mechanical properties of the compounds were determined.
Collings: Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium alloys, Materials Park, Ohio, ASM International, 1994 [8] W.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Dong Hui Cheng, Peng Zhang
In order to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets under load conditions, according to the reinforcement ratio, three groups of twelve concrete beams were made, each group included an common concrete beam and three prestressed CFRP sheets reinforced beams.
In Table 3, the curvature ductility parameter of YJGL1-A, YJGL2-A were 3.9 and 3.0,their ductility were great, the curvature ductility parameter of YJGL1-C, YJGL2-C reduced to 2.3 and 2.0, and the curvature ductility factor of DBL-1, DBL-2 were 1.5 and 1.8, the ductility of beam can be improved with CFRP sheets reinforced, different levels have a major influence to the ductility of the beam.
In Design process, we should control the prestress level properly and make the specimens with prestressed CFRP reinforcement with good ductility properties.
The analysis showed that: concrete beam in the case of holding charge, normal section reinforcement with prestressed CFRP sheet had not affect to the performance of the secondary force, the reinforcement effect was still very obvious under load.
In Table 3, the curvature ductility parameter of YJGL1-A, YJGL2-A were 3.9 and 3.0,their ductility were great, the curvature ductility parameter of YJGL1-C, YJGL2-C reduced to 2.3 and 2.0, and the curvature ductility factor of DBL-1, DBL-2 were 1.5 and 1.8, the ductility of beam can be improved with CFRP sheets reinforced, different levels have a major influence to the ductility of the beam.
In Design process, we should control the prestress level properly and make the specimens with prestressed CFRP reinforcement with good ductility properties.
The analysis showed that: concrete beam in the case of holding charge, normal section reinforcement with prestressed CFRP sheet had not affect to the performance of the secondary force, the reinforcement effect was still very obvious under load.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Nirdosha Gamage, Kasuni Liyanage, Sujeeva Setunge
These factors yield concrete of low permeability with low internal voids [4].
High volume fly ash concrete using class F fly ash exhibited excellent mechanical properties, enhance durability, low permeability to chloride ions and no adverse reaction when exposed to reactive aggregates [5, 6].
A factor screening was required to obtain most important factors that would contribute strength properties of brown coal fly ash composites.
Out of all the factors, lime has the least significant effect on the compressive strength.
However, further investigation is required to test durability properties and thermal properties.
High volume fly ash concrete using class F fly ash exhibited excellent mechanical properties, enhance durability, low permeability to chloride ions and no adverse reaction when exposed to reactive aggregates [5, 6].
A factor screening was required to obtain most important factors that would contribute strength properties of brown coal fly ash composites.
Out of all the factors, lime has the least significant effect on the compressive strength.
However, further investigation is required to test durability properties and thermal properties.
Online since: January 2019
Authors: Quan Yang, Jian Wei Zhao, Xiao Chen Wang
Introduction
The strip market is increasingly demanding the quality of strip products which not only must meet a good mechanical property but also a high accuracy of thickness and shape.
In order to make the strip have better mechanical properties, micro-alloys are usually used to control the evolution of microstructure during hot rolling.
However, the evolution of microstructure will also change the mechanical behavior of the strip deformation process, which in turn affects the rolling force of each pass.
It can be calculated by Eq. 15 proposed by Kocks [22], (15) where τ0 and Δf0 are the dimensionless optimization factors, εref is a constant representing the reference strain rate.
Broudy, Dislocations and mechanical properties of crystals, John Wiley, New York, 1957
In order to make the strip have better mechanical properties, micro-alloys are usually used to control the evolution of microstructure during hot rolling.
However, the evolution of microstructure will also change the mechanical behavior of the strip deformation process, which in turn affects the rolling force of each pass.
It can be calculated by Eq. 15 proposed by Kocks [22], (15) where τ0 and Δf0 are the dimensionless optimization factors, εref is a constant representing the reference strain rate.
Broudy, Dislocations and mechanical properties of crystals, John Wiley, New York, 1957