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He, Tensile Testing on Formability of Different Gauge Tailor-Welded Blanks, The Open Materials Science Journal. 5 (2011) 89-92
[2] Brad Kinsey, Zhihong Liu, Jian Cao, A novel forming technology for tailor-welded blanks, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 99 (2000) 145-153
Lee, Tailor-welded blanks of different thickness ratios effects on forming limit diagrams, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 132 (2003) 95–101
Materials & Design. 30 (2009) 3235-3242
Martins, Single point incremental forming of tailored blanks produced by friction stir welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 209 (2009) 811-820

The raw solid materials commonly used to make the geopolymer include metakaolin, coal fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (slag), etc.
Experimental Program Materials: The physical and chemical properties of raw materials to make the alkali-activated slag-metakaolin geopolymer used in this study are described as follows, 1.
Davidovits, J., “Geopolymers: Inorganic Polymeric New Materials,”Journal of Thermal Analysis, 37, 1633–1656 (1991)
Allahverdi, “Investing shrinkage changes of natural pozzolan based geopolymer cement paste,” Iranian Journal of Materials Science &Engineering,Vol. 8, No. 3, pp 50-60. (2011)
Provis, “Mechanical and thermal characterisation of geopolymers based on silicate-activated metakaolin/slag blends,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 46, No. 16, pp 5477-5486 (2011).

[4] Mayerhofer, P.H., Mitterer, C., Hultman, L., Clemens, H., (2006) Microstructural Design of Hard Coatings, Progress in Materials Science, 51, .1032-1114
Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 45, .373-396
Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 42, 1715-1752
[12] Joshi, S.P. and Ramesh, K.T., (2008) Grain Size dependent Shear Instabilities in Bodycentered and Face-centered Cubic Materials, Materials Science and Engineering, A 493, pp.6570
Toward a better understanding of tool wear effect through a comparison between experiments and SPH numerical modelling of machining hard materials, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Article in Press

Rudnicka, Bioactive Materials for Bone Regeneration: Biomolecules and Delivery Systems, ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 9(9) (2023) 5222-5254
Kalaskar, Ceramic materials for 3D printing of biomimetic bone scaffolds – Current state-of-the-art & future perspectives, Materials & Design 231 (2023) 112064
Schnepp, The evolution of ‘sol–gel’ chemistry as a technique for materials synthesis, Materials Horizons 3(2) (2016) 91-112
Schulze-Tanzil, Highly porous novel chondro-instructive bioactive glass scaffolds tailored for cartilage tissue engineering, Materials Science and Engineering: C 130 (2021) 112421
Wang, Development of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles and its use in bone tissue engineering, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 106(8) (2018) 2878-2887.

Introduction The ionic liquid is a new kind of materials with the characteristics[1] of wide electrochemical windows, high conductivity, good thermal and chemical stability, viscosity and structural designother which the traditional materials do not have[2-5].
Reline ionic liquid has the characteristics of with water and air stable, easy to prepare, raw materials readily available and non-toxic, high conductivity, wide electrochemical windows.
Experimental Section Instruments, materials and reagents.
Journal of Jiamusi University(Natural Science Edition) Vol.25 (2007) (In Chinese) [13] Xiaojuan Wang, Hui Li, Jiao Wang, ect.
Materials Protection Vol.43 (2010) (In Chinese) [14] Shaojun Dong, Guangli Che and Yuanbin Xie.

Because steel is a homogeneous material, standard distance of strain measurement can be taken as 5-10mm.
Acknowledgment This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50925828).
References [1] H.Deng, A.Ben-Zvi, and J.B.Wiskel, "B-spline approximation methods for digital image reconstruction in strain measurement", Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol.210,2010,p.593-602
[2] Chen Xiaoqiang, Zhu Hongping, and Wang Dansheng, "Damage Detection for Beam Structures Based on Strain Test Data", Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Urban Science Edition), vol.25,2008,p.207-210
[7] Luo Hongbin, Zhao Wenguang, and Wen Yinping, "Application of CCD image monitoring system in detecting bridge structure", Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Urban Science Edition), vol.23,2006, p.91-93, 96

Experimental Materials A commercial PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) hollow fiber membrane was employed in this work.
Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 250 (2005), p. 269-276 [6] Z.
Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 255 (2005), p. 79-87 [8] G.
Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 375 (2011), p. 211-219 [9] K.W.
Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 285 (2006), p. 4-29 [11] Z.W.

Introduction Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) provide an increased stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio compared to those of the conventional materials, e.g. metals.
Therefore, these materials are finding more and more important for modern industry, especially in the automotive, marine and aviation industries [1].
Komsky, Quantitative porosity characterization of composite materials by means of ultrasonic attenuation measurements.
[7] ASTM D 3171-99 Standard Test Method for Constituent Content of Composite Materials
Journal of materials science letters Vol. 10, (1991) 1162-1164

Air filtration materials play an important role in environmental protection.
Ordinary air filtration materials can’t remove tiny particles thoroughly and it is easy to breed harmful organisms.
Experimental Materials.
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 2005(6): 307-311
Journal of Electrostatics. 2002, 54: 333-341

Early studies on the mechanics of gel swelling by Tanaka et al [1] consists of decomposing the material into the two individual phases for separate analysis, which limits the analysis of such materials to simple geometries[1], [2].
The swelling kinetics of a polymeric gel is due to the migration of solvent molecules within and across the material boundary.
Tanaka, “Kinetics of swelling and shrinking of gels,” The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 92, no. 2, p. 1365, 1990
Fillmore, “Kinetics of swelling of gels,” The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 70, no. 3, p. 1214, 1979
Zhang, “Modeling and simulation of buckling of polymeric membrane thin film gel,” Computational Materials Science, vol. 49, no. 1, pp.