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Online since: September 2013
Authors: Qiong Fang Shao, Ming Dong
But the direct result that the shearing force acts on flocs results in grain diameter reduction of flocs and broadening the distribution of grain diameter, which would make the filtering and subsiding rate of flocs to decline distinctly.
This indicates that reduction the shearing force sustained by flocculant should also be taken into account while considering reduction of the shearing force sustained by flocs.
It can be observed from the experimental data in Table 1 that as compared with jar testing method C, the subsidence rate of flocs conducted with controlled flocculation process A has raised by 47% averagely, the filtering rate of fermentation broth has raised by 65% averagely, the loss rate of lincomycin and micronomicin in the filtrate is no much difference, and both are under 5%.
This indicates that reduction the shearing force sustained by flocculant should also be taken into account while considering reduction of the shearing force sustained by flocs.
It can be observed from the experimental data in Table 1 that as compared with jar testing method C, the subsidence rate of flocs conducted with controlled flocculation process A has raised by 47% averagely, the filtering rate of fermentation broth has raised by 65% averagely, the loss rate of lincomycin and micronomicin in the filtrate is no much difference, and both are under 5%.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Renat V. Gavariev, Ksenia N. Gavarieva
Reduction of liquation is possible by providing accelerated solidification of the casting [12].
Taking into account the peculiarities of the process of casting copper alloys in the chill mold, the coating must withstand significant temperature influences, as well as ensure a reduction in the coefficient of friction of the forming surface with the poured melt.
Shafigullin, Automation of metal and alloy melting processes using spectral analysis data on the composition of exit gase, IOP Conf.
Savin, Calculation of the amount of the reduction required for the formation of compound layers during cold rolling of bimetals, Materials Science Forum. 870 (2016) 328-333
Taking into account the peculiarities of the process of casting copper alloys in the chill mold, the coating must withstand significant temperature influences, as well as ensure a reduction in the coefficient of friction of the forming surface with the poured melt.
Shafigullin, Automation of metal and alloy melting processes using spectral analysis data on the composition of exit gase, IOP Conf.
Savin, Calculation of the amount of the reduction required for the formation of compound layers during cold rolling of bimetals, Materials Science Forum. 870 (2016) 328-333
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Dmitri A. Molodov, Nathalie Bozzolo
Experimental
A sheet (3.6 mm in thickness) of commercially pure zirconium (Zr 701) previously hot rolled in the range between 930°C and 960°C, then cold-rolled and finally annealed at 630°C was rolled at room temperature to a final thickness of 0.7 mm, equivalent to a reduction of 80%.
The cold-rolling texture with two peaks in the (0002) pole figure measured after 80% reduction is similar to those already reported in literature for low alloyed zirconium after high rolling reductions [18,19].
For analysis of EBSD data the whole set of grains was subdivided into subsets A, B, C and D with orientations around (0,35,0), (0,35,30), (180,35,0) and (180,35,30), respectively.
The cold-rolling texture with two peaks in the (0002) pole figure measured after 80% reduction is similar to those already reported in literature for low alloyed zirconium after high rolling reductions [18,19].
For analysis of EBSD data the whole set of grains was subdivided into subsets A, B, C and D with orientations around (0,35,0), (0,35,30), (180,35,0) and (180,35,30), respectively.
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Mohamad Esmailian
The dislocation substructure so produced may provide additional sites for ferrite nucleation and
reduce energy barrier for nucleation through a reduction in the total strain energy.
The temperature and time were recorded by a data logger for pair of standard and specimen.
Reduction in transformation temperature should resulted in less time and diffusivity for the growth of grain boundary ferrite and hence reduction in primary ferrite volume fraction and consequently in an increase of the acicular ferrite content [11].
The temperature and time were recorded by a data logger for pair of standard and specimen.
Reduction in transformation temperature should resulted in less time and diffusivity for the growth of grain boundary ferrite and hence reduction in primary ferrite volume fraction and consequently in an increase of the acicular ferrite content [11].
Online since: March 2024
Authors: William Cordero Escobar, Grimaldo Wilfredo Quispe Santivañez, Rebeca Salvador Reyes, Carlos Martinez Llaccohua
The acquired data were subjected to ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) statistical analysis, where hypotheses of significant variance (p <0.05) were proposed between different quality evaluation points.
Components subjected to HVOF showed a substantial reduction in the hardness of their coating, exhibiting signs of porosity and deflection - undesirable characteristics in these components.
This could imply reductions in maintenance costs and simplified repair procedures, as EMNi-treated components do not show signs of excessive wear or deflection.
Although sandpaper might be perceived as a limitation due to its comparative inefficiency, it provides a notable advantage in terms of cost and labor reduction.
Components subjected to HVOF showed a substantial reduction in the hardness of their coating, exhibiting signs of porosity and deflection - undesirable characteristics in these components.
This could imply reductions in maintenance costs and simplified repair procedures, as EMNi-treated components do not show signs of excessive wear or deflection.
Although sandpaper might be perceived as a limitation due to its comparative inefficiency, it provides a notable advantage in terms of cost and labor reduction.
Online since: December 2009
Authors: S.M.H. Seyedkashi, Golam Hosein Liaghat, Hassan Moslemi Naeini, M. Hoseinpour Gollo
The obtained results for this path are
analyzed and the path is improved step by step with the aim of thinning reduction.
In both linear and non-linear conditions, the reduction of friction force makes the changes more uniform.
A visual basic program is written to read and record the data from this card.
Reduction of friction force, as one of the most important parameters, plays a critical role in process fulfillment.
In both linear and non-linear conditions, the reduction of friction force makes the changes more uniform.
A visual basic program is written to read and record the data from this card.
Reduction of friction force, as one of the most important parameters, plays a critical role in process fulfillment.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: A. Saad Najim, Mohmmad A-Rida Russul, Jawad Hadi Nizar
Plastic gears one of these application because the plastic absorbs shock of gear changes better than metal, which causes less wear on the chain and provides a low mass inertia, cost reduction, design freedom, no lubrication and noise reduction.
Dynamic mechanical analysis carried out on unreinforced Nylon 6/6, 20% short glass and 20% carbon fiber reinforced Nylon 6/6 gear materials indicates the reduction of damping factor due to the incorporation of fibers.
Surface temperature of the test gears and noise generated near the gear mesh region were continuously measured and monitored using a personal computer based data acquisition system.
Dynamic mechanical analysis carried out on unreinforced Nylon 6/6, 20% short glass and 20% carbon fiber reinforced Nylon 6/6 gear materials indicates the reduction of damping factor due to the incorporation of fibers.
Surface temperature of the test gears and noise generated near the gear mesh region were continuously measured and monitored using a personal computer based data acquisition system.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Qing Xing, Wei Min Guo, Xiang Xi Chen, Li Hua Gong, Chao Yang, Lin Fan
This can be probably ascribed to the enhanced formation and precipitation of corrosion products on the surface of the anode component Cu-Al-Ni, which resulted in the significant reduction in the potential difference of the pair [8-10].
Furthermore, since the diffusion of O2 significantly lagged behind its reduction at the low temperature, the overallelectrode process of the pair was controlled by the former.
This phenomenon was more apparent when it was seen from the fitting data of the charge transfer resistance (Rt) as shown in Fig. 6.The equivalent circuit in Fig. 5 was applied to fit the EIS results.
(2) High temperature was conducive to modifyingthe defects through the occupation of cation vacancies in the Cu2O film of Cu-Ni by Ni,as well as promoting the selective corrosion of Cu-Al-Ni alloy, leading to high galvanic corrosion tendency.The decrease of seawater temperature not only inhibited the anodic dissolution at Cu-Al-Ni anode, but also greatly suppressed the oxygen reduction at Cu-Ni cathode, resulting in the decrease of galvanic corrosion rate and effect
Furthermore, since the diffusion of O2 significantly lagged behind its reduction at the low temperature, the overallelectrode process of the pair was controlled by the former.
This phenomenon was more apparent when it was seen from the fitting data of the charge transfer resistance (Rt) as shown in Fig. 6.The equivalent circuit in Fig. 5 was applied to fit the EIS results.
(2) High temperature was conducive to modifyingthe defects through the occupation of cation vacancies in the Cu2O film of Cu-Ni by Ni,as well as promoting the selective corrosion of Cu-Al-Ni alloy, leading to high galvanic corrosion tendency.The decrease of seawater temperature not only inhibited the anodic dissolution at Cu-Al-Ni anode, but also greatly suppressed the oxygen reduction at Cu-Ni cathode, resulting in the decrease of galvanic corrosion rate and effect
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Qiao Mei Wu, Biao Huang, Li Rong Tang, Yan Dan Chen
On the other hand, the residual adsorption bands of [MnO4-] in the range of 500-580 nm can also be detected at this point, revealing the inadequate reduction of Mn (VII) ions in the mixture.
The UV-vis spectrum of this sample (Fig. 2d) shows a very similar broad band covering the whole visible region of the spectrum with a maximum adsorption at about 360 nm as observed in Fig. 2b-c, which is very close to the reported adsorption data of colloidal nano-MnO2 in previous works, attributable to the d-d transition of Mn ions [12, 24, 25].
The in situ rapid formation of colloidal nano-MnO2 at room temperature in the presence of cellulose nanowhiskers through sonochemistry route, could be proposed as the ultrasound favored reduction of KMnO4 to MnO2 upon the oxidation of terminal reductive hydroxyl groups on NCW chains [7, 21].
Amat, A kinetic study of the reduction of colloidal manganese dioxide by oxalic acid, J.
The UV-vis spectrum of this sample (Fig. 2d) shows a very similar broad band covering the whole visible region of the spectrum with a maximum adsorption at about 360 nm as observed in Fig. 2b-c, which is very close to the reported adsorption data of colloidal nano-MnO2 in previous works, attributable to the d-d transition of Mn ions [12, 24, 25].
The in situ rapid formation of colloidal nano-MnO2 at room temperature in the presence of cellulose nanowhiskers through sonochemistry route, could be proposed as the ultrasound favored reduction of KMnO4 to MnO2 upon the oxidation of terminal reductive hydroxyl groups on NCW chains [7, 21].
Amat, A kinetic study of the reduction of colloidal manganese dioxide by oxalic acid, J.
Online since: March 2018
Authors: Asena Cerhan, Zeynep Ozdemir, Bahar Basim
Oxidation and reduction reactions in photo-catalysis of TiO2 also require explanation.
The data collected from the XriteCi7800m benchtop sphere spectrophotometer at Kivanc Tekstil Company was evaluated with X-Rite Color iQC quality control software by comparing first day color to the colors obtained as a function of time (daily) under UV exposure.
Therefore, the reduction of the absorbance value by time can give an idea related to the cleaning ability of the coated textiles [10, 11].
Most absorbance reduction with 0.023 was observed at textile coated with 0.1wt% P-25 in finishing solution as provided in Fig.5.
The data collected from the XriteCi7800m benchtop sphere spectrophotometer at Kivanc Tekstil Company was evaluated with X-Rite Color iQC quality control software by comparing first day color to the colors obtained as a function of time (daily) under UV exposure.
Therefore, the reduction of the absorbance value by time can give an idea related to the cleaning ability of the coated textiles [10, 11].
Most absorbance reduction with 0.023 was observed at textile coated with 0.1wt% P-25 in finishing solution as provided in Fig.5.