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Ionic liquids composed of anions and cations being structure-adjustable and safe, were newly discovered solvents of cellulose and attracted considerable attentions[2].
The dissolution temperatures and speeds for cellulose in the respective solvents were significantly different, which were closely related to the structures and properties of ionic liquids.
Fig. 2 and Table 1 showed the structures, melting points and viscosities of the various ionic liquids used.
Salem: Structure Formation in Polymeric Fibers(Hanser Publishers, Munich, 2000) [2] A.E.
Rogers: Green Chemistry, Vol.2 (2000),p.1 [3] R.C.

The PL emission peak of these Mn4+-doped phosphors varies with host structures and locates at 640 – 730 nm.
However, it is not clear that the relationship between host structure and photoluminescence properties of Mn4+-activated phosphor.
Figure 1 shows the crystal structure of magnetoplumbite-type BaMg6Ti6O19 and spinel-type Mg2TiO4 illustrated by using VESTA [15].
Magnetoplumbite structure consists of the spinel (S) and R blocks stacking alternately, such as RSR*S*.
Fig. 1 Crystal structure of (a) magnetoplumbite-type BaMg6Ti6O19 and (b) spinel-type Mg2TiO4.

Facile biomimetic fabrication of hollow hydroxyapatite with hierarchically porous microstructure using hyperbranched Gemini surfactant as template Shan Li1, a, Huahong Wu1,b, Guojie Xu1,c , Xiufeng Xiao1,d* 1Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry And Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007,China a278931991@qq.com, b997390211@qq.com, cxuguojie-0935@163.com, dxfxiao@fjnu.edu.cn* Keywords: hollow, hierarchically, porous, Gemini surfactant.
Porous structure could vary cell behavior through promoting the action between material surface and absorbed protein.
The morphology of final samples were characterized by SEM.As indicated in Fig.5A,in the absent of PCD,we could just get granular or rod nanoparticles with 20~100nm length.When adding a little PCD(w=0.001%),some sphere-like particles with unordered nonorods as building blocks comed out(see Fig.5B).Fig.5C,D revealed that the samples consist of HAp nanorod-assembled or nanosheet-assembled porous structure with semidiameters of 1.5μm.and the thickness of naonsheets was about 10nm.As shown in insert Fig. 5C,some nanorod hydroxyapatite as building blocks to form plate-like structure.In a word,these hydroxyapatite nanoparticles self-assembled to form 3D spherical nanostructures under PCD.Fig. 5E,F showed that the samples prepared using PCD(w=0.01%) were composed of nonorod-assembled spherical well defined hydroxyapatite.The semidiameter of products varied from 0.5μm to 1.5μm upon further adding PCD(fig. 5G,H).These nanorods interweaved together froming 3D hierarchically porous microstructure.Fig
.5H showed that the powders were hollow and the thickness of wall was about 100nm.In short,the hollow spherical HAp microsphers with 3D hierarchically architectures were successfully obtained.PCD had played an important role in controlling of hollow spherical structure.
Conclusion In short,the hollow spherical HAp nanoparticles with 3D hierarchically structures were successfully compounded via a biomimetic treatment the materials of Ca(NO3)2∙4H2O and (NH4)3PO4∙3H2O in PCD solution.Experiment results showed that PCD could adjust effectively the morphology and crystal degree of HAp.When the mass fraction of PCD reached to 0.01%,we could obtain well defined hollow spherical HAp with semidiameter of 1.5μm.The crystal degree of HAp increased with enlarging the PCD concentration.Therefor,we coulde gain different shape and crystal degree of HAp by varying PCD reagent.

So intercalated structure has been formed.
The rectorite in the composites remain the intercalated structure.
Conclusions The curing agents have great influence on the structure of the Org-rectorite in the Rectorite/Epoxy nanocomposites cured systems.
A completely exfoliated structure was formed at temperature 90 ℃ for curing agent MHHPA, whereas such structure could not be formed until 140℃ for m-phenylenediamine.
Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2005,92,361–365 [11] Z.Chen, L.M.Liu, P.F.Fang, H.

K, Na,..) on the C-S-H-structure and its ability to recrystallize [22].
Jennings, Solubility and Structure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate, Cement and Concrete Research, 34 (2004) 1499-1519
Iler, The Chemistry of Silica, Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry, John Wiley& Sons, New York, 1979
Perry, An overview of the fundamentals of the chemistry of silica with relevance to biosilicification and technological advances, Federation of European Biochemical Societies Journal, 279 (2012) 1710-1720
Stumm, Structure, bonding and morphology of hydrothermally synthesized xonotlite, Advances in Applied Ceramics, 108 (2009) 137-144

Synthesis of 2-hydroxyl-3-sulfonic acid sodium salt-propyl lacrylate Rongming Zhang1, a, Yue Wang2, b, Wei Li3, c and Hongman Shan4, d 1, 2, 4 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China 3Bohai Drilling Engineering and Technology Research Institute, Dagang, Tianjin, 300270, China azrm3000zrm@163.com, bwangyuelink@163.com, cliweilink@163.com, dshm208@126.com Keywords: sulfonation; ring-closing reaction; esterification; 2-hydroxyl-3-sulfonic acid sodium salt-propyl lacrylate; oxiranemethane sulfonic acid sodium salt; 1-propanesulfonic acid 3-chloro- 2-hydroxy sodium salt; Abstract. 2-hydroxyl-3-sulfonic acid sodium salt-propyl lacrylate was synthesized through the three-step process (sulfonation, ring-closing reaction, and esterification) by using epichlorohydrin as the starting material.
The structure of oxiranemethane sulfonic acid sodium salt and end product 2-hydroxyl-3-sulfonic acid sodium salt-propyl lacrylate was identified by FTIR and Melting point.
Using 1.2% (by total charge) of the catalyst, the reaction proceeded smoothly and was discharged with 86.4% conversion in 3h. 2) The best mole ratio was Methacrylic acid/ NaOMS=1.2/1 3) Time was 3h; 4) Temperature was 90˚C； Through infrared ray (IR) to prove that the molecular structure that of the product was right.

The chemical structure was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H NMR.
The chemical structure of the samples was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR.
The 1H NMR analysis confirmed the structure of chain extender.
This might due to the branched structure of the backbone weakened the films’ crystallization and polarity.
References [1] Mihail Ionescu: Chemistry and Technology of Polyols for Polyurethanes (Rapra Technology Limited, United Kingdom 2005)

The correct calculated electronic structure can be used to determine the origin of magnetism of the studied systems.
Figure 1 shows the structure of Au23(SR)16 nanocluster protected by (SR)16 where (SR)16 represents cyclohexanethiolate.
Structure of Au23(SC6H11)16 nanocluster.
The optimized geometry was then used to determine the electronic structure and total energy using Gaussian 16 (G16).
"Size-selective effects in the geometry and electronic property of bimetallic Au–Ge nanoclusters," Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, vol. 1010, pp. 32-37, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.01.012

In the phase transformation region beneath the indenter, the crystalline structures of Si-II, Si-XIII, and amorphous phase structures are observed.
Figure 2 shows the evolution of atomic structures in the nanoindentation.
Si-II atoms forms a crystal structure with lattice parameters a=4.684Å and c=2.585Å.
(a) Tetrahedron before nanoindentation, (b) deformation tetrahedron on cutting, (c) atomic structure of five coordinate during phase transition, (d) structure of one of the atoms in crystal structure Si-II and (e) structure of one of the atoms in crystal structure Si-XIII, where the bond lengths are shown in angstrom meter.
Tersoff, Modeling Solid-State Chemistry: Interatomic Potentials for Multicomponent Systems, Phys.

ZHENG1,c 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235 2 School of Chemistry and Bioscience, Gannan Normal College, Ganzhou, 341000 a jiarp@sit.edu.cn, b taoli126@163.com, c kszheng@sit.edu.cn Keywords: carbon nanotubes, plasma, functionalization, epoxy resin, composites Abstract.
Introduction Carbon nanotubes exhibit extraordinary physical and mechanical properties due to their unique hollow structures consisting of concentric graphene cylinders, and they have potential applications in mechanical reinforcement, electron transport, energy storage and so on [1, 2].
And their compositions and structures were obtained by a FT-IR spectrometer (Nicolet NEXUS870, USA).
Results and discussion Our earlier studies show that CNTs treated through argon plasma can bring into lots of active radicals, while its surface morphology and chemical structure are almost unvaried [10].
After plasma treatment, there are two new obvious peaks appeared at 1865 and 1770 cm-1 (see Figure 2b), which might be assigned to the stretching peaks of the C=O group in the structure of polymaleic anhydride.