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Workpiece Material Constitutive Model.
Tan: Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, vol. 29(2010) No.1, pp.17-18.
Li: Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, vol.18 (2010) No.3, pp.493-500.
Dong: Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), vol. 43(2009) No.3, pp.570-577.
Yang: Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology, vol. 16(1996) No.3, pp.264-265.

Light weight and high strength metallic materials have been introduced in lightweight manufacturing [1-3].
The light metallic materials like Al alloys and Magnesium alloys have been used for light weight design of products.
And such materials can be deformed by increasing the temperature during forming.
Steen: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 51 (1980) No.2, pp.941-947
Youssef: Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science, Vol. 3 (2013), pp.106-113

Red-emitting phosphors Ca0.7-x Eu0.3Znx MoO4（X=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1）were fabricated by a solid state reaction method using (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O, CaCO3, Eu2O3 and ZnO as raw materials at the temperature of 600°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 850°C and 900°C, respectively.
Molybdenum tungstate plays a very important role as optical material.
Experimental procedure A series of samples were synthesized by solid state reaction using (NH4)6Mo7O24∙4H2O, CaCO3, Eu2O3, ZnO as raw materials.
Firstly, stoichiometrically weighed raw materials were mixed with a small amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and ground in an agate mortar.
Acknowledgement This project supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (Program No.2009JM6003).

The properties of the composite materials such as the maximum supportable temperature-time load are important selection criteria.
The preservation of the property profile of the materials is the top priority [1].
Weis: Welding Journal, Vol. 87 (2008), No. 3, p. 35-37
Weis: Welding Journal, Vol. 86 (2007), No. 3, p. 67-70
Segal: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 386 (2004), p. 269-276

In this paper, layered LiMn0.3Co0.3Ni0.3Fe0.1O2 were prepared using sol-gel method with CH3COOLi·2H2O, (CH3CO2)2Mn·4H2O, (CH3CO2)2Co·4H2O, (CH3CO2)2Ni·4H2O and Fe (NO3)3·9H2O as starting materials.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research 6 (2004) 533 – 538
Liu, Synthesis and electrochemical performance of doped LiCoO2 materials, Journal of Power Sources 174 (2007) 828 – 832
Mumm, The Effects of C-Rate on the Discharge Capacities of LiNi1-yMyO2 (M=Ni, Ga, Al and/or Ti) Cathodes, Electronic Materials Letters 4(4) (2008) 151 – 155
Kim, Synthesis of cathode material LiNi1-yCoyO2 by a simplified combustion method, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 35 (2005) 1073 – 1080

Usually these plates are made from non-biodegradable materials such as polystyrene or polyethylene.
They have been using substrate materials such as glass [7, 8] polystyrene [2] and paper [9] for cell culture.
Experimental White plain cotton cloth fabrics (Mirota Batik, Surabaya, Indonesia) were used as raw materials in this experiment.
Yu, Cell culture on MEMS platforms: A review, International journal of molecular sciences. 10 (2009) 5411-5441,
Groth, Studies on the biocompatibility of materials: Fibroblast reorganization of substratum-bound fibronectin on surfaces varying in wettability, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 30 (1996) 385-391,

The Johnson-Cook flow rule is used to model the yield stress of the materials [22]
Barash: Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transactions ASME, Vol.104 (1982), pp.257-264
Kannatey-Asibu: Journal of Engineering for Industry, Transactions ASME, Vol.107 (1985), pp.81-89
Liang: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Transactions of the ASME, Vol.126 (2004), pp.98-106
Hou: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol.43 (2001), pp.57-88

and are the volume occupied by solid materials and its upper bound, respectively.
Here, suppose material properties are .
Paulino: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 77(2009), p. 301 [2] N.
Saitou: Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 127(2005), p. 34 [3] W.H.
Beckers: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 78(2009), p. 631 [5] J.H.

Journal of cattle magazine, 2003, 11:36 to 39
Beijing: science press, 2004
Crop Science, 1990, 30:990～993 [16] Xueliang Shen, Liming Xia.
Science，2004，304(5667):66-74
Biotechnology Journal，2007，2(2):207-183

Plane lapping method using the elasticity of materials has many advantages comparing with current machining method for aspherical surface machining.
Introduction As the major machining methods in large volume production of aspherical workpieces, precision injection molding and glass molding have many advantages such as high efficiency and good compatibility when comparing with the traditional cold working methods[1], but there are still some problems during the machining process; for example, as the materials are heated, the property like refractive index will slightly change and when cool down, the materials will shrink which cause the profile errors[2].
Plane machining method using the elasticity of materials has been seen in few references such as the machining of Schmidt correctors[3].The basic principle of the plane lapping method using elastic deformation is: lapping one side of the workpiece when it is deformed and after recovery the un-lapped side will become the deformed profile, so the complex aspherical surface machining is converted to simple flat surface machining.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (50705028, 50975085).
Masuda, et al: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. (2009) No.209, pp: 4484-4489