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Evidential uncertainty quantification of dynamic response spectrum analysis Hesheng TANG1, a, Wen YAO1, Lixin DENG1, Yu SU1 and Jiao WANG1 1Research Institute of Structural Engineering and Disaster Reduction, Tongji University, Shanghai, China athstj@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: uncertainty; evidence theory; dynamic response spectrum analysis; differential evolution Abstract.
Uncertainty representation Uncertainty propagation SRSS and DE method Uncertainty measurement Experimental data Different variables and different focal elements combined with each other to form a multi-dimensional hypercube collection Compute the composite BPA of each hypercube Calculate the response bound of each hypercube To formulate cumulative belief function (CBF) and cumulative plausibility function (CPF) Fig.1.
Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51178337 and 50708076), Basic Research of the State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering of TongjiUniversity(Grant No.

In 1994, Pratt & Whitney were able to achieved cost reduction and time savings of 70 to 90 percent by incorporating rapid prototyping technology into their investment casting process [8].
Rapid Prototyping Technology Rapid prototyping is the automatic construction/fabrication of physical objects directly from computer aided design (CAD) data sources.
According to [8], in 1994, Pratt & Whitney were able to achieved cost reduction and time savings of 70 to 90 percent by incorporating rapid prototyping into their investment casting process.

Moreover, judging by the blurring of reflections in the diffraction patterns (Figs. 5a and 6a), and also due to the grain structure in the dark-field images (Figs. 5b and 6b), the HPT processing of the alloy in the CG2 condition provides a lower level of internal stresses, indicating a reduction in dislocation density in the structure.
a b Fig. 7 – Tensile curves for the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in the CG state (CG1 and CG2) and after HPT (a), and the data from the fatigue tests of small-sized specimens (CG, HPT1, HPT2) (b) Table 1 – Mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy Condition σB, MPa σ0.2, MPa δ, % CG 1 1067±10 890±12 10.8±0.9 CG 2 1005±10 856±11 11.5±0.7 HPT1 10 rev.
Fig. 7a and Table 1 demonstrate that the alloy's UTS in the condition HPT1 is on average 1740 MPa and almost 40% higher than the UTS of the CG alloy (σв = 1067 MPa) due to a significant reduction in the α-phase grain size.

One is cold-pilgered material (an area reduction of 61.2 % for Alloy 625, and 55.0 % for Sanicro 28) for studying the composition effect.
The ‘TSL OIM Analysis 7’ software was used for the microstructure evaluation of the acquired EBSD data.
Fig. 5a is an inverse pole figure mapping of a cold pilgered tube with an area reduction of 55.0 %.

Introduction Weight reduction in the design of automotive vehicles is becoming increasingly important as a result of stricter ecological restrictions and rising fuel costs.
These weight reductions could be achieved by greater use of lightweight materials such as magnesium (Mg) alloys.
Because of poor reproducibility of data in cupping tests, the LDH tests are developed to determine the formability of sheet metal[6].

After 10 minute establishment the values of free potentials were as follows: - distilled water: - 0.7829 V, corrosion potential Ecorr = -782 mV, corrosion current density icorr = 1.470 μA, difference of reduction and oxidation speed was very small
Fig. 4 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of measured samples Based on entered data such as area of electrolyte effect S (1.056 cm2), atomic weight M of the material coming into contact with electrolyte (zinc = 65.380 g/mol) and density of the material coming into contact with the electrolyte (zinc = 7.14 g/cm3) and based on the measured values of corrosion potential and current density we determined the corrosion rate of the material in selected environment.
Oxidation of samples in such electrolyte strongly dominated over the reduction and corrosion rate stabilized at 0.732 mm/year.

Along with this, the use of industrial waste having the necessary characteristics can solve several practical problems in the production and operation of polymer composite building materials: - reduction in the cost of finished products; - the use of a finely divided filler with certain properties improves the technological parameters of the processing of polymer compositions [1,2,3]; - reduction of negative environmental impacts resulting from the disposal of industrial waste [3,4,5]; - improvement of the physicomechanical properties of the composite [6,7,8,9].
Results of analytical studies Name Test sample Standard value for the analogue material - wood-polymer composite Density, kg/m3 1550 1100-1300 Bending strength, MPa 46 ≥25 Charpy impact strength, kJ /m2 13 ≥5 Water absorption, % by mass 0.2 <2 The coefficient of linear thermal expansion, at T = 70 ºС and t = 60 min, % 0.3 - Flexural modulus, MPa 3626 - Studies have shown that the material has a high Charpy impact strength, high bending and tearing strength, low moisture absorption compared to such analogs of a wood-polymer composite (data from the Scientific-Innovative Center “Wood-polymer Composites” LLC).

Parameters of ε* and μ* were calculated from frequency shifts and reductions of Q-factors according to [7].
The analysis of the experimental data indicates that a-C:H:Ni is a ferromagnetic which coercive force Hc varied from 2.8 to 6.0 kA/m depending on chemical composition and the structure of film’s material, so a-C:H:Ni can be attributed to the materials which are transitional from soft to hard-magnetic type, the latter have Hc > 4 kA/m [12].
The larger Hc values for the samples deposited on Si substrates can testify about decreasing of the size of crystallites in the film what also caused the reduction of loop’s rectangularity parameter.

Fig. 1 EPS System Set,for the steering shaft, steering wheel moment of inertia and damp coefficient, for the input for the steering wheel angle, for the steering wheel torque, for the stiffness coefficient of the torque sensor for the front wheel steering, , for pinion and rack equivalent quality and equivalent damping coefficient, and for the displacement of the rack, for turning resistance, for reduction ratio for the reducer, for small gear radius, and ,will be mainly obtained through test.
Reduction Gear Model Assistance device expand the Fourier series for the transmission ratio of the assistance device: (7) is static transmission rate, is a periodic function with cycle.
Model input are the vehicle speed and steering angle of the sinusoidal input, and the output is torque sensor measure data , motor current and the steering wheel torque , the control model shown in Fig. 3.

Experimental mixture ratio referred to the on-site production data of Tangshan Iron & Steel Group.
However, reduction atmosphere was around the surface of solid carbon particles, at this area CO concentration is higher and concentrations of O2 and CO2 are lower.
When sinter was fed into blast furnace iron-making, as reduction atmosphere was available, CaS can not be oxidized; the highest temperature was about 2000℃, so CaS can not be melted down; at last, CaS can directly enters into slag for discharge outside the furnace.