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Gradation and physical properties of Ayutthaya sand are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1, respectively.
Table 1 Physical Properties of sand.
The following conclusions are drawn: 1.
References [1] S.
Mater. 106 (2018) 470-479

%CO2 and 0.5 vol.% SF6 with the ratio of 100:1).
Fig. 1.
As seen from Fig.6(a) and Fig.5(a), more twins are observed with the strain rate increasing from0.1s–1 to 1s–1.
References [1] H.
A Vol. 479 (2008), p. 339 [20] H.

Zheng 1, a, X.
Hu 1, b , S.
Xu 1, c, X.
Qiao 1, d, K.
Forum, Vol. 475-479 (2005), P. 469 [5] V.

Figure 1.
Table 1.
References [1] M.M.
Planar Chromat. 32 (6) (2019) 475–479
Plus. 1 (2018) 351–358

Whereas cashew kernel shells contain 18–23% Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) [1], and it mainly contains anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1.
Table 1.
Sci. 1 (2021) 1–12
Rev. 79 (2010) 479–489

(a) (b) Figure 1.
The average friction coefficient values are plotted in Fig. 1 (b) with respect to varying load and lubrication conditions.
Higher magnification revealed pitting on the surface exclusively at 1.3MPa pressure, which was an indication of fatigue wear.
References [1] S.
Mansmann, Friction and wear behavior of poly (vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) hydrogels for articular cartilage replacement, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 83 (2007) 471-479

Surface Roughness at Wire Electrical Discharge Machining DODUN Oana 1,a, SLĂTINEANU Laurenţiu 1,b, COTEAŢĂ Margareta 1,c, MERTICARU Vasile 1,d and NAGÎŢ Gheorghe 1,e 1 ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, Blvd.
Table 1.
Input factors, codified value/real value Values measured for the parameter Ra, μm Average value for surface rough-ness para-meter Ra, μm Test piece thick-ness, h, mm Pulse on time, tp, μs Pulse off time, tb, μs Wire axial tensile force, Ft, gf Current intensity average ampli-tude, ia, (button position) Travel-ling wire elec-trode speed, vt, mm/min Ra1 Ra2 Ra3 1 1/20 1/2 1/7 1/250 1/1 1/900 1.23 1.15 1.16 1.18 2 1/20 1/2 1/7 2/900 2/9 2/2500 1.70 1.84 1.77 1.77 3 1/20 1/2 2/30 1/250 1/1 2/2500 1.13 1.31 1.16 1.20 4 1/20 1/2 2/30 2/900 2/9 1/900 1.21 1.38 1.37 1.32 5 1/20 2/12 1/7 1/250 2/9 2/2500 1.32 1.49 1.42 1.41 6 1/20 2/12 1/7 2/900 1/1 1/900 1.30 1.44 1.22 1.32 7 1/20 2/12 2/30 1/250 2/9 1/900 2.18 2.29 2.16 2.21 8 1/20 2/12 2/30 2/900 1/1 2/2500 1.20 1.24 1.16 1.20 9 2/40 1/2 1/7 1/250 1/1 2/2500 1.59 1.70 1.75 1.68 10 2/40 1/2 1/7 2/900 2/9 1/900 1.93 1.82 1.89 1.88 11 2/40 1/2 2/30 1/250 1/1 1/900 1.79 1.67 1.73 1.73 12 2/40 1/2 2/30 2/900 2/9 2/2500 1.76 1.57 1.50 1.61 13 2/40
References [1] D.
Aggarwal, Simultaneous optimization of material removal rate and surface roughness for WEDM of WC-Co composite using grey relational analysis along with Taguchi method, International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 2 (2011) 479–490

Table 1.
26,08 14,66 25,69 15 26 18,4 0,014 14,4 22,1 12,4 23,1 13,85 24,23 13,74 24,21 16 26 32,6 0,014 15,5 28,2 14,1 24,3 14,25 25,99 14,64 25,03 17 26 25 0,0086 11 19,2 10,8 19 12,03 20,00 11,71 20,03 18 26 25 0,023 17,1 33,2 18,1 31,1 16,48 31,78 17,32 30,45 19 16 25 0,014 13,4 23 12,1 22,5 13,79 24,27 13,79 23,66 20 42,4 25 0,014 14,5 25,8 13,9 25,7 14,35 26,08 14,66 25,69 21 26 18,4 0,014 14,2 22,9 12,6 23,3 13,85 24,23 13,74 24,21 22 26 32,6 0,014 15 28,1 14,6 24,1 14,25 25,99 14,64 25,03 23 26 25 0,0086 11,1 19,2 11 19,6 12,03 20,00 11,71 20,03 24 26 25 0,023 17,6 33,3 18,5 31,8 16,48 31,78 17,32 30,45 Table 2.
15,21 26,54 15 26 18,4 0,014 14,4 22,1 12,4 23,1 12,31 20,32 12,60 21,09 16 26 32,6 0,014 15,5 28,2 14,1 24,3 15,14 28,57 15,01 27,74 17 26 25 0,0086 11 19,2 10,8 19 11,11 19,13 10,80 19,31 18 26 25 0,023 17,1 33,2 18,1 31,1 17,1 31,24 17,81 31,06 19 16 25 0,014 13,4 23 12,1 22,5 13,2 23,05 12,60 22,50 20 42,4 25 0,014 14,5 25,8 13,9 25,7 14,34 25,82 15,21 26,54 21 26 18,4 0,014 14,2 22,9 12,6 23,3 12,31 20,32 12,60 21,09 22 26 32,6 0,014 15 28,1 14,6 24,1 15,14 28,57 15,01 27,74 23 26 25 0,0086 11,1 19,2 11 19,6 11,11 19,13 10,80 19,31 24 26 25 0,023 17,6 33,3 18,5 31,8 17,1 31,24 17,81 31,06 Table 4.
Coefficients in Eq. 1. generated with genetic algorithms EN 18CrNi8 EN 34Cr4 Ft Fr Ft Fr C 21,165 20,637 24,130 23,674 x 0,085 0,116 0,193 0,169 y 0,361 0,595 0,306 0,479 z 0,438 0,498 0,508 0,483 Table 5.
References [1] I.

Experimental 2.1 Used Materials 2.1.1 Cement An artificial Portland cement CEM I 52.5 CP2 in accordance with European standard EN 197-1 [EN 197-1, 2001] [2] has been used.
Compressive Strength 3.1.1.
References [1] P.
Civil Engineering. 1(2)(2013) 68-73
[12] F.De Larrard, Y.Malier, Annales de l’ITBTP. 479 (1989)

In this study, the chemical free energy density of the γ matrix and the γ' precipitate, G m chem and G pchem, are given respectively as: 2 1 m chem 2 1 fWG = , (5) 2 2 p chem )1( 2 1 fWG −= , (6) where W1 and W2 are the coefficients determined by the Gibbs energy calculation based on the sub-lattice model using the thermodynamic database.
The functions h(φi) and g(φi) are selected as: ∑= +− = 4 1 2 3 )]61510([)( i ii i ih φφφφ , (7) ∑ ∑∑ = = ≠ +−= 4 1 4 1 4 22 2 2 ])1([)( i i ij ji ii ig φφαφφφ
The γ' phase is expressed as the white area in Fig. 1.
References [1] Y.
Forum Vols. 475-479 (2005), p. 619