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According to statistical data of temperature near 41 years in this area, it’s annual mean lowest air temperature is -7.8˚C, yearly average maximum temperature is 32.2˚C [6].
With the increase of negative temperature difference, buckling mode basically appears as wave type and buckling position is basically in the middle part of the structure; besides, linear buckling characteristic value decreases linearly. 2) Through nonlinear buckling analysis, because of the consideration of the effects of geometric nonlinearity and structure’s large deformation, there is an obvious change for structure’s linear buckling in temperature action, and stability coefficient’s overall reduction range is relatively larger than linear buckling.
In addition, the analysis proves that the weak part of structure is mainly in the middle position of lattice shells. 3) With the increase of temperature, linear stability coefficient and nonlinear stability coefficient all tend to increase, which shows that the suitable completion time of lattice shells structure’s construction is in summer, and this provides certain reference value to practical construction. 4) With the increase of negative temperature difference, there is a continuous reduction for the stability coefficient of lattice shells structure.

Materials and methods of investigation Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared by chemical reduction of HAuCl4 and modification of the surface of the graphite electrode (GE) was carried out as described in [11].
This method allows to increase the detection sensitivity of Met on seven orders of magnitude compared with the data of work [9].
[2] Hoshi T., Heinemann S.H, Regulation of cell function by methionine oxidation and reduction, J.

In landscape planning design, the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) [1] can be applied to establish the resistance surface, which considers the limitation of basic data and the ease of operation.
Table 1 and Fig. 2 summarize the bandwidths of buffer zones for water quality protection and noise reduction, respectively, which provide a guide for establishing the vegetation buffer zone.
Width of buffer zone for water quality protection Protection objective Width of buffer zone Min Mean Max Water quality-nutrient 10-15m 15-25m 35m Water quality-BOD 5m - 150m Water quality-sediment 20m 20-80m 130m Instrean conservation 5m 5-25m 90m Bank stability 10m 10-30m 100m Bankside conservation 20m 20-80m 160m Flood defence - - 300m Recreation - - 300m Fig. 2 Width of buffer zones for noise reduction Wetland landscape possesses many functions such as protecting species diversity, stabilizing adjacent ecosystems, purifying the water body, and reducing flood damage, among others.

To data, thin AlN films have been prepared by using chemical vapor deposition [8], reactive sputtering [4, 7, 9, 10], pulsed laser deposition [11], and ion beam enhanced deposition [12].
It can be seen from Fig.1 that a scattering (110) diffraction peak occurs in the XRD pattern of the AlN film deposited at a bias of -500V, which confirms reduction in crystallite size, i.e. grain refinement.
The reduction in the crystallite size may be interpreted as a result of increasing binding sites induced by increasing ion energy [20].

The supernatants were analysed and 100% of Pd reduction was confirmed as previously described [7].
Results and Discussion It was shown previously that Pd and Pt can be recovered from liquid wastes by sulphate-reducing bacteria using hydrogenase to split H2 and coupling this oxidation to the reduction of soluble Pd(II) and other PM ions to form metallic deposits of Pd(0) and PM(0) on to the biomass [3].
The variation was within 5% and representative data are shown.

There is a strong demand to generate design-relevant fatigue data which are required for many of the projected applications of structural ceramics.
In contrast, the reduction of the maximum stress promotes a significant increasing of the number of samples without failure during tests (2 × 106 cycles).
A tendency of the cycles reduction as function of stress increasing, to which the samples are submitted during fatigue tests, can be observed in Fig. 4, taking into consideration the standarddeviation of the results. 0.0 5.0x10 5 1.0x10 6 1.5x106 2.0x106 2.5x106 3.0x10 6 200 220 240 260 280 300 Fatigue strength zone Fatigue strength limit ZrO2- 3% bioglass Stress (MPa) N (Cycles) Fig. 4 - Statistical results of cyclic fatigue of the ZrO2-3%bioglass samples.

Contrary to structural integration of sensor and actuator, the self-sensing actuator has a number of advantages [1]: 1) The operation point of the measuring and control signal is the same, so as to realize the same position control. 2) Due to reduction of system accessional mass, the response of the SSA is more faster. 3) The reduction of the structure and weight of the SSA cause it to be suitable for MEMS. 4) Because of the absence of a independent sensor, the manufacture cost is lower.
Validating Experiments Experiment System Set-up.The experiment system set-up is depicted in Fig. 2. consists of computer, A/D(D/A)data acquisition card, high voltage amplifier, vibration isolating work table, piezoceramic actuator, integrator, discharge circuit, displacement sensor, subtracter amplifier and low-pass filter.

Consequently, it is suggested that the results of this study may provide a good available reference data to eliminate iron dissolved in flux solution as well as to eliminate impurities of the process of other plating fields which is associated with hot dip galvanizing.
Thus, the increment of addition of thiourea is condidered to play a role to inhibit oxygen reduction reaction as well as hydrogen evolution reaction.
As a result, their values tended to showed increasingly a lower value with decreasing amounts of thiourea additive, which may be resulted in increasing of overvoltage due to inhibition of all reduction reaction which take place at the surface with increment of thiourea additive.

Then, the ingots were cold rolled up to 98% of reduction in thickness.
It should be mentioned that all the alloys investigated were successfully cold-rolled up to 98% reduction thickness regardless of Mn content.
Table 1 shows the summary of the tensile data for the yield (0.2% proof, σ0.2) stress, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the fracture strain (εf).

There are many types model of micro-model based on solid mechanics[3, 4] and macro-model based on member.[5] However, deficiency in many models includes[6] :(1) effects of confined concrete of boundary zone on mechanical behavior of shear wall are seldom considered; (2) it can not satisfy the demands of fine inelastic analysis focusing on the deformation capacity focused on seismic performance evaluation, since whole curve of load-displacement of shear wall, especially the post-peak descending curve, under lateral force is difficult to be obtained, resulting in inaccuracy prediction to post-peak mechanical behavior, and (3) it is weak on shear response though the prediction about flexural response is accuracy and there is few data about coupled flexural and shear response.
(4) Where fc′is the peak compressive stress (MPa); n is shape parameter; k is a reduction coefficient for toughness related to concrete strength.
The reduction factor to be applied to the peak compressive stress for concrete in compression is given as: