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When ≤Re≤, we proceed numerical simulations using the LES model without wall functions.
The open source CFD software package OpenFOAM which is rapidly developing and outstanding in the crowd of open source CFD codes provides a good research platform for CFD numerical simulations.
The basic equations of turbulence models and related parameters 1.1 Large Eddy Simulation turbulence model Large Eddy Simulation model equation:
With the gradual increase in Reynolds number (from 1 to), it was divided into four phases: numerical simulations of two-dimensional laminar flow around a cylinder, three-dimensional numerical simulations of laminar flow around a cylinder, numerical simulations of turbulent flow around a cylinder with LES model, numerical simulations of turbulent flow around a cylinder with Spalart-Allmaras model.
LES turbulence model without wall functions was adopted in the time-domain numerical simulations.

One of the objectives is to develop a low cost simulation technique, which means using standard wall function to resolve the flow near the wall.
To the best of our knowledge, the performance of two-equation turbulence models still not been evaluated in the simulation of flow under neutral atmospheric boundary layer particularly for CEDVAL database.
Carissimo, Best practice guideline for the CFD simulation of flows in the urban environment.
Ketzel, Flow around a wall-mounted cube, 2002, http://www2.dmu.dk/AtmosphericEnvironment/trapos/cfd-wg.htm [10] M.
Seventh International Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, 2009.

,Ltd,Ningbo Zhejiang,315103,China aliuhailin@mail.nbu.edu.cn, bdaishixun@nbu,edu.cn, Keywords: LED; Thermal Performance; Heat Sink; CFD .
Simulation results gotten by CFD software show that the pin-fin heat sink has better thermal performance with fin height of 40mm and fin number of 75.
In order to explore the effect of fin height on junction temperature, we change the fin height in simulation models, different junction temperature are observed.
Fixed fin height of 40mm and irradiation angle of 0°, and changing the fin number in the simulation models, different junction temperature are observed .As shown in Fig.4 the junction temperature decrease 28oC as the fin number increase form 20 to 110.
Exploring the thermal performance of pin-fin heat sink in different illumination angle, fixed the fin height of 40mm, and fin number of 75 in the simulation model, the junction temperature is increased only 4.1℃ by changing the irradiation angle from 0 to 90 as shown in Fig.6.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of an intake SBLI configuration will be carried out, and results will be validated by comparing with the experimental measuremts.
Improvement of CFD predictions on shock induced flow separation will be demosntrated.
The wall temperature of 300 K is kept as constant in all simulations.
All simulation uses high-resolution (2nd order) scheme and runs in double precision.
Mach number contours (left) and velocity vectors superimposed with streamlines (right), illustrating shock-induced separation bubble from CFD simulation using a standard k-ε model.

Numerical Simulation of A Ceramic Furnace Burner.
Faced with the complexity of the problem and industrial configurations, the use of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) becomes essential to answer many questions.
Sebastian [5] has characterized the flameless combustion of natural gas experimentally and by CFD modeling with FLUENT.
Solution of transport equations is achieved using the commercial CFD software FLUENT version 6.2.16 [11] using its built-in sub models and algorithms.
The simulations included coupled models of turbulence, combustion and radiation.

The simulation results show that increasing the shaft speed in a certain range can reduce water film temperature, the effect is obvious especially at slow entrance velocity of bearings.
The British D.L.Cabrera et al. analyzed water lubricated rubber bearings’ inner pressure distribution through experiments and CFD software FIDAP, got that water lubricated rubber bearings work in mixed lubrication [3].
Based on basic hypothesis and boundary condition, the influence of different speeds on the temperature and pressure of water film is analyzed by applying CFD software FLUENT.
Conclusion In this paper, ship water lubricated stern bearing is taken as the research object, using FLUENT's preprocessor software GAMBIT to establish the CFD water lubricated rubber stern tube bearings model.
Method for thermal impedance calculation of water-cooled radiator based on CFD[J].

After the validating the feasibility on methods, the mixture preparation of a LPG center injection DISI engine is studied using common CFD software (FIRE v2009).
It should be pointed out that there is no LPG property database (60%propane and 40%n-butane) in former CFD software FIRE v2009.
Fig. 3(b) shows the CFD estimation results, in which the rich cloud position and the fuel mass fraction are in close agreement with the experiment result.
Fig. 4 Configuration of center injection concept Fig. 5 Computational mesh Simulation Results of Mixture Distribution at Part Load.
Fig. 7 is simulation results of LPG mass fraction at high load.

Fig. 1 CIM Hanger 3D geometric model Three-dimensional models ICEM in fluid domain 1) Three-dimensional model of CIM Hanger in fluid domain and meshing partition Meshing in ANSYS11.0 ICEM CFD is completed, including the definition of the fluid domain and the inlet, outlet, wall.
Fig. 3 Fluid meshing in a boss of the probe Fig. 4 Fluid meshing in a pit of the probe The analysis and calculation of the CFD flow field 1)The analysis of flow field in CIM Hanger The analysis of CIM Hanger used Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model, we can be obtained the distribution of pressure and velocity in the flow field of CIM Hanger calculated by CFD-Post analysis as shown in Figure 5.
Numerical Simulation Progress on the Air-Cooling of Turbine Blade[J].
Nervier-Stokes simulation of the flow around a leading edge film cooled turbine blade including the interior cooling system and comparison with experimental data,1996, 252: 12-14
Numerical Simulation of Single Pressure Side Winglet Rim on Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Turbine[J].

Few papers have been published on this subject, but Yang[11], Wang[12] have detected velocity slip in PAT runner by numerical simulation, which is derived from axial vortex.
The characteristic curves of head, discharge and efficiency in pump and turbine modes achieved by CFD methods were shown in Fig.5.
Stepanoff and Pfleiderer did not show acceptable results in comparing with the CFD data for both of the head and the discharge, but the results of presented method were in good agreement with CFD data.
Results show that the predicted h,q and λ at BEP by this method were in good coincidence with CFD data.
(in Chinese) [12] Yang Sunsheng, Kong Fanyu, Su Xianghui, Numerical Simulation and Performance Experimental on Pump and Pump as Turbine, J.

Mesh generation is done with around 3 Lakhs grid cells (coarse grid) and 5.8 Lakhs grid cells (fine grid) using ICEM CFD, pre-processor of CFD Package, ANSYS- FLUENTTM.
Assessment of CFD analysis with solar radiation model available in the commercial CFD Package, ANSYS- FLUENTTM has been carried out for the truck cabin.
This is the initial condition for unsteady CFD computations.
Numerical simulations have been carried out for various orientations of truck cabin with the same material properties and operating conditions.
[4] Ashok Patidar, Simulation and Validation of Passenger Compartment Soaking and Cooling under Solar Load, published SAE 2009-28-0050