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The data is recorded by a 3 component Kistler 9367C dynamometer, providing the normal force Fn and the tangential force Ft applied onto the pin (Figure 3).
All the cutting fluids lead to a reduction of the friction coefficient in comparison to the dry case.
The reduction in penetration length with the reduction in normal force reached an average of 40 % for the three fluids.

This means that, after a two hours reheating cycle at 1200°C, two pre-rolling steps with 20% reduction were given above 1100°C.
Finishing was performed in five passes with a total reduction of 55 % to obtain large reductions below the non-recrystallization temperature resulting in finer grain sizes.
The data obtained from the mechanical tests allowed to propose the following empirical relationships for the lower YS, TS and DBTT low carbon steels with the Nb/C ratio: The relationships are of a parabolic nature and show a maximum for YS and TS when the Nb/C ratio is between 4 and 5.

Their main advantage is increased resistance against formation of recrystallized coarse surface layer and also reduction in the production cost [1, 2].
EBSD data were analyzed using HKL Channel 5 software, where the Inverse Pole Figure (IPF) and IPF maps together with grain size and grain boundaries were evaluated.
Materials ductility is also affected, where the ductility and percent reduction area (Z) decreases notably in comparison to as-cast, but they slowly increase with increasing deformation magnitude.
The yield and ultimate tensile strength decrease after 70% deformation, while the ductility and percent area reduction are increasing.

The collected experimental data was used the ordered method to sort the tolerance ability toward SO2 of 10 tested trees species.
Table 2 displays the net photosynthetic rate of tested trees reduction after fumigation.
After 48 hours fumigation with 600 ppb SO2, the net photosynthetic rate of Viburnum odoratissimum had the maximum exchanges of all tested trees with 16% reduction after fumigation.
Table 3 displays the stomata conductance of tested trees reduction after fumigation.

Ten major energy conservation projects is the important content of Energy Medium and Long Term Planning, included in National Economic and Social Development Five-Year Plan, is an important engineering measures to achieve the "Eleventh Five-Year" unit GDP energy consumption reduction goal of 20%.
Similarly, the actual pipe network just need to work in the C1 point, hence B1C1 section head of waste, but better than no speed reduction in A1B1 section head of waste.
When the flow Q respectively is Q1 and Q2, in accordance with the corresponding pipe network characteristics to adjust the speed of lift respectively is n1 and n2, working condition respectively is C1 and C2, then just pump pressure is in agreement with pipe network, no extra lift waste water than the constant pressure mode to reduce the B1C1 section head of waste, the situation better than no speed reduction A1C1 section head of waste.
[5] Wang Rongtao, WANG Xinjiang, “Variable frequency control water supply system and data acquisition research ”.

Table 1: Yb :YAG disk laser technical data Active medium Wavelength Range power Beam quality Focal length Fiber diameter Focus diameter Yb:YAG 1030 nm 80 – 2000 W 8 mm*mrad 200 mm 300 μm 300 μm The alloy under investigation was Ti6Al4V Grade 5, whose chemical composition is given in Table 2.
This is due to the reduction of power density which was not sufficient to melt the same material width on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece.
This is due to the reduction in the average size of grains in the melted zone.
An increase of average hardness in the melted zone with increasing defocusing due to the reduction in the average size of grains was observed.

The photocatalytic properties of CaTiO₃ have been reported and can be utilized for the degradation of organic pollutants, water splitting into H₂ and O₂, CO₂ reduction, and other applications [4].
Plot of data (%) reflectance with wavelength (nm) of CaTiO3 compound Fig. 5.
In the absence of light, there was a reduction in Staphylococcus aureus growth because CaTiO₃ can inhibit bacterial growth, as CaTiO₃ compounds possess antibacterial properties.
Calcium titanate photocatalyst prepared by a flux method for reduction of carbon dioxide with water.

Barker et al. [9] used Fe2O3 as iron source and pointed out that the addition of carbon which was a high surface area carbon black to the precursor could reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, and this method for the synthesis of LiFePO4 is known as CTR (carbothermal reduction).
XRD data collected by step-scanning method over an angular 2θ range from 10º to 80º with a step interval of 0.04º and a count time of 3s per step were analyzed by the Rietveld method using a RIETAN97 software to obtain the phase abundance.
When the dried gel was sintered in pure N2 and the temperature reached to the decomposition of the organic carbon net, the sudden strong in-situ reductive gas may likely result in the reduction of Fe3+ and P5+ neighboring, and thus favored the formation of Fe2P.
Reductive gas containing more hydrogen (15-20%) lead to the further reduction of Fe2+ and P5+ to generate Fe2P, and the sample synthesized in 20 vol % H2 + N2 showed the best rate performance.

However, the more compact internal microstructure and lower permeability in HSC could probably lead to the reduction of fire resistance[1].
It is well known that the severe damage to concrete caused by high temperatures should be loss in macro-mechanical properties, as presented by experimental data[11-13] that considerable loss in compressive strength occurs between 400 and 600°C, and much more serious loss above 600°C.
It is also shown in Figs.3 that the tendency of the reduction in compressive strength became steady, mainly as low as 35% and 17%, after being subjected to high temperature 700℃, 900℃respectively.
The initiation and growth of every new crack will be the available load-carrying area and this reduction causes an increase in stresses at critical crack tips.

These modifications, by itself, significantly reduced the cost of the process, as synthetic rutile is rather cheap (USD 2/kg), and the elimination of an autoclave results in power consumption reduction during the process.
XRD and EDXRF analysis also shows the reduction, and finally the elimination, of Fe (Fe2O3) and Si (SiO2) during the processes, and the incorporation of Zr and Nb throughout the modified hydrothermal process.
The leaching process induces three events; recrystallization, removal of impurities, and crystallite size reduction.
The common chemicals/precursor in the hydrothermal process is usually chemicals that are deemed hazardous and expensive such as titanium alkoxide, titanium butoxide, as detailed in Titanium (IV) Butoxide: Material Safety Data Sheet.