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Post-deposition annealing treatments are used to improve the emission intensity of the RE ions and the film structure causing crystallization and grain coarsening [6, 7].
The increment of the Tb emission can be attributed to the reduction of defects and the activation of optically active Tb sites, which is influenced by the number of oxygen atoms associated with each Tb ion [10].
Acknoledgements This work was funded by the Peruvian science foundation FONDECYT under the projects “Círculos de investigación en ciencia y tecnología-2”, contract number 011-2014 and under the cooperation project with the German academic exchange service (DAAD), contract number 035-2016.
The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of Karem Tucto and Loreleyn Flores by CONCYTEC under the contract numbers 012-2013-FONDECYT and 000236-2015-FONDECYT-DE, respectivley.

Dongting Lake is an important commodity grain, cotton, oil, fish production base in Hunan Province, is an important light industry and petrochemical base, with Yueyang, Yiyang, Changde and other cities and a number of cities and towns, and relying on its traffic advantage, become an important regional connection CZT City, Wuhan city circle, butt Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone.
Overload, the actual number of people (P) is greater than the population can carry (Cs).
Surplus, the actual number of people (P) is less than the population can carry less than the actual population (Cs).Critical, the actual number of people (P) is equal to the population can carry (Cs).

But 304 stainless steel in the chloride ions environment is very sensitive, the results show that the presence of chloride ions in the environment is considered to be the one of the main reason of the local corrosion of 304 stainless steel, because the radius of chloride ion is small, have the strong ability through the passive film, resulting in the destruction of the passive film[1], duo to pitting corrosion at last; Chloride ions also could engender Cr-Cl compounds with Cr of the grain boundary, make the stainless steel generated the Cr depleted area, due to the crystal boundary corrosion[2]; 304 stainless steel also have stress corrosion under low stress.
After sometimes found a number of cooling pipe have pitting corrosion, the pitting corrosion holes are through the pipe itself with irregular shaped, the radius ≤ 3mm.
The cooling liquid in cooling pipe is transparent, shaped pipe wall bright is new, but inner wall of the pipe have a large number of pale yellow sediment.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 (a) is take the Metallographic photo far away from the hole of pitting corrosion, the organization is the austenitic matrix with a small amount of ferrite and a small amount of black carbon precipitation, the basic is not caused by corrosion; Figure 1 (b) is the metallographic photo of the area near the pitting corrosion holes and clearly see many stress corrosion cracks are extend from the hole of pitting corrosion at the origin and cross the intersection, they show herringbone; Surface is dark color and clearly see both sides of the crack have a large number of new pitting corrosion holes.
The results are shown in Table 1: Tab.1 The Cr content changes with the distance from the pitting corrosion hole Number The distance from the pitting corrosion hole Cr content 1 1mm 15.460% 2 5mm 16.97% 3 9mm 17.25% From the table.1, the area more near from the pitting corrosion hole, the lower of Cr content.

The effect of the pore on the mechanical properties of sintered parts has long been studied by a large number of researchers.
There have been a large number of researches on the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties of sintered parts [3~6].
Individual grains were evident in the specimens sintered at the temperatures of 1250o C and above.
In a large number of studies, equations relating the ductility of a sintered part to its fractional porosity have been developed.
In the low-density region, i.e. the initial stage of sintering process, the elongation is directly proportional to the load bearing area projected on the plane normal to the tensile axis, and the following equation can be developed; u rel f i 1  δ η δ = −  δ η  (4) where δu and δf are, respectively, uniform and fracture elongations of pore free material, η is the porosity during sintering process and ηi the initial porosity denoting the stacking structure, i.e. the number of the nearest neighbor powders.

The number of the oxides decreases at the same time.
It allows us to regulate easily the phase formation of materials at the atomic as well as at the molecular levels, distribution and composition of phases, and the grain size.
A large number of factors influence the combustion process and reactions passing, such as properties of the initial powder components, the initial temperature of the mixture, heat transfer etc.
According to the results of X-ray phase analysis it was found that the upper part of the sample consists of the next basis – titanium nickelide, Na2O2 and the traces of Na4TiO4; the middle part is based on titanium nickelide, the traces of Na2O2 and NaO3; the lower part basically consists of titanium nickelide (in a smaller amount than in the top part), some number of Na4TiO4 and the traces of NaОз.

The neutron scattering power of a given element is not simply related to atomic number but has about the same magnitude throughout the periodic table.
Scattering lengths for neutrons (b) and X-ray (f0) for sinθ/λ equal 0 and 0.5 Å -1 versus the atomic number Z.
The basis of this method has been reviewed in a number of textbooks and articles, like the classical text book [16] as well as later works [17-19].
Using Eq. 32 the size of grain and the deformation of the crystal and magnetic unit cell were determined (see Fig. 14 and Table 6).
Increasing temperature leads also to an increase in the magnitude of grains Dhkl as well as in the value of magnetic moments, but deformation of the magnetic unit cell decreases.

These concretes are actually mortar micro-mortars whose maximum diameter of the largest grain does not exceed 630 microns.
Furthermore, the diameter of the large grain of dune sand is well below to 0.6 mm (figure 2).
It is due to the adsorption of the polymers on the cement grains and also to the possible reactions of the Ca2+ cations with polymer anions.
This phenomenon was explained by the adsorption of super plasticizer on the grains that cause a delay in the hydration process.
[25] Hamidreza Ramezani, Pierre Mounanga, Jena Jeong, Marwen Bouasker "Role of cement paste composition on the self induced stress in early-age mortars: Application of the Cosserat size number".

In addition, plastic deformation can also reduce particle agglomeration, improve the distribution of particles and refine the matrix-alloy grain.
The results show that the dispersion uniformity and the particle size of SiC particles did not change obviously, but the matrix grain is refined because of the recrystallization during hot deformation process.
The results of Hanada et al. [28] show that the hot extrusion process can effectively refine the microstructures of the composites while the increase in temperature caused by excessive extrusion ratio will lead to grain growth, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties.
Therefore, SiCp and the matrix grain in the same original position flow along with radial direction, resulting in the SiCp segregation.
The grain is elongated along the extrusion direction, while SiC particles and broken second phases exhibit streamline distribution characteristics after hot extrusion deformation; The matrix alloy structure is further refined, the SiC particles are broken obviously and the distribution tends to be uniform after hot rolling deformation[21].

Invariably, the number of these killer defects sets the yield entitlement for each wafer, and electrically, they fall into a few expected failure bins depending on their position on the die.
Non-killer crystal defects include stacking faults (l), basal plane dislocations (m), bar stacking faults (n), and grain boundaries (o).
The validity of the killer defect detection and classification is tested against a large number of 1200 V production diode and MOSFET lots.
With the enhanced detection capabilities of modern metrology tools, which include higher resolutions and high PL SNRs, the number of both non-killer topographic and pure crystal defects detected have increased manifold.
It should be noted that the total number of die with BSFs are significantly lower than the unaffected population.

Different scientific and technological studies are being conducted, both in academic and construction industry, aiming the development of new construction materials with properties that can decrease visual pollution of cities, reducing also the number of cleanings required.
A lot of scientific and technological studies are being conducted, both in academic and industrial areas, aiming the development of new materials with properties that can decrease visual pollution of cities, reducing also the number of cleanings required.
The crystalline grain size was calculated from the XRD pattern according to the Scherrer equation [27]
(1) where Dhkl is the mean grain size with crystalline planes (hkl), Bhkl is the WHPM intensity in radians, and l is the wavelength of the CuKa radiation source.
For the coated P-W sample, the TiO2 nanoparticles agglomerations are more homogeneous and exhibit clusters with smaller sizes (see Fig. 3(f)); therefore, as the grain size of these clusters is decreased, the surface-to-volume ratio is increased and the photo-generated electrons and holes could undergo a short pathway to migrate to the surface.