Search results

We developed an effective method previously for the cleavage of the C(17)-C(7) bond via reduction of the corresponding 8-chloro derivatives in high yields (over 80%) [4,6].
It is interesting that one-pot treatment [6] of 5 with SOCl2-C6H6 at room temperature overnight followed by reduction with NaBH4 in THF to cleave the C(17)-C(7) bond through an intermediate 8-chloro derivative via Grob fragmentation [4,6] produced not only the expected compounds 6 and 7, but also the unexpected rearrangement product 8 (Fig. 1).
Comparison of the spectral data with 5 led to determine readily the structure of 6.
Finally, the cleavage of N-C(17) bond in the N,O-mixed acetal moiety and the reduction of aldehyde group afforded a rearrangement product 8.

The initial specimen’s length was 240mm and the final length was 72mm (70% nominal reduction).
The experimental data shown in Table 3 reveal also that the toughness in the instability region (Toughnessn.un.) was higher for samples from cycle “A” in T6 metallurgical condition.
Two noticeable differences between these specimens are (a) the higher amount of reduction of area on the first sample (notice the orange double-arrows showing the width of the fracture surface in Fig.s 4a, b) signifying higher and non-uniform deformation and (b) the occurrence of brittle, intergranular, secondary cracks on and far from the fracture surface of sample “B24” (see blue arrows) which are indicative of grain boundary embrittlement.
Orange double-arrows indicate the extent of reduction of area.

Material Process / material Hardness Material Process / material Hardness Stain- less steel Annealing 99 HRB Al Base 43 HRB Normalizing 104 HRB % c.a reduction (3.2) 47 HRB Base 112 HRB % c.a reduction (9) 51 HRB Quenching (water) 115 HRB % c.a reduction (16) 53 HRB Quenching (oil) 117 HRB Concrete M10 10 RHN Brass Annealing - reheat 52 HRB M15 16 RHN Annealing 56 HRB M20 21 RHN Normalizing - reheat 63 HRB M25 25 RHN Normalizing 66 HRB M30 35 RHN Base 66 HRB Wood White vangai 10 HRB Quenching - reheat 71 HRB Koova pool 12 HRB Quenching 82 HRB Vangai 13 HRB White koovapool 15 HRB Vembu 16 HRB The preparation of match head composition involved a systematic procedure of mixing the chemicals together [3,4].
Swaminathan, Accident data analysis and hazard assessment in firework manufacture, Sci.

With an annual contribution of 5% improvements in this sector could lead to a significant reduction of the carbon footprint.
One of the most interesting and most effective reductions of CO2 emission is achieved by simply replacing a share of the Portland cement by an alternative binder that produces less CO2 during its production process.
Moreover, pozzolanic materials can also be used in terms of CO2 reduction.
The additional data points at 7 and 28 days are for the pastes prepared with superplasticizer.

This way, we can clearly see the reduction of equivalent mean size of the particles after the hydrocycloning process, an increase in the proportion of the clay fraction and a reduction in the sand proportion, which are features that contribute for the organofilization process.
Analyzing all the results together, we notice that the efficiency of the purification process by hydrocycloning can be easily observed by the reduction of the quartz peak in the samples.
Conclusions Facing these results, we conclude the following: · the characterization tests by laser diffraction, EDX, XRD, DTA and TGA show that the sample is constituted by mineral clay of the smectite group, kaolinite and quartz, and may be called bentonite; · The purified smectitic clays present, after organofilization, an incorporation of the surfactants used, which is always inferior to that of natural clays, but with the advantage of having less accessory minerals; · The Foster swelling in diesel oil showed more affinity with clays organofilized with the surfactant Praepagen WB; The rheological data obtained from the purification and organofilization of the samples with the surfactants Praepagen WB and Ultramina TA50 were satisfactory in the proportion of 2.4g and some others in the proportion of 6.0g, faced with Petrobras' standards[19].

Several studies on construction green degree evaluation were performed by previous scholars.Jinyan Liu(2011)analyzed construction green degree evaluation problem of construction project by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)[2].Bo Wang(2011)provided evaluation standards of green and civilization construction in Singapore[3].Jianwei Zhang etc.(2011) took plan design of green construction as research object among project management practice,established and perfected rules and regulations and promoted the implementation of green construction[4].Yongqiang Liu etc.(2011)introduced construction green degree evaluation from the point of cost analysis[5].Weixing Shao(2012)used the value engineering principle,AHP and fuzzy mathematics method to evaluate waste source reduction coefficient of construction stage and green degree[6].Xisheng Zhu et al.(2012) had in-depth analysis of the green construction in construction enterprises,one of difficult reason to implement was lack of effective evaluation
Table1 Construction Green Degree Indicators System for High-speed Railway Engineering Construction green degree evaluation index system of high-speed railway project A Use and economy of land resources B1 Rationality of the construction site layout plan C1 Keep the soil from pollution C2 Energy utilization and saving B2 Electric energy saving of construction and life C3 Fuel and gas saving of large scale machinery C4 Use of renewable and clean energy C5 Material utilization and conservation B3 Use of environmental and green materials C6 Saving materials and waste recycling C7 Based near and regional procurement C8 Water resources utilization and conservation B4 Water saving in construction site C9 Use of water saving device C10 Utilization of non-conventional water resources C11 Environmental protection B5 Construction site dust control C12 Large equipment emissions C13 Construction and domestic wastewater, sewage C14 Large mechanical noise reduction measures C15 Reduction treatment
Determining Correlation.Third party of green degree evaluation consists of 3 ~ 5 related people,such as construction company,government etc.To get matter-element data,green degree evaluation index of under construction high-speed rail project is quantified.

In the case of C2M0080120D, a sharp increase of the drain current is recorded at the beginning of the short circuit due to the reduction of the channel resistance (Rchannel) with high temperatures [2],[4].
As the short circuit evolves, the drift layer resistance dominates [11], resulting in the reduction of the electron mobility in the channel and, consequently, the reduction of the drain current.
The applied power per unit volume derives from the experimental data.

Natural fibres can contribute positively to sustainability and cost reduction of many products (Bonnet-Masimbert et Al., 2020).
Dog bone-shaped samples (80 x 40 x 40 mm) are used, with an area reduction at both sides of the sample of (40 x 10 x 40 mm), rounded off at the corners.
In addition, a reduction in strength is observed for higher percentages of fibres in a mixture.
Substituting local data for overseas life cycle inventories – a case study of concrete products in Hong Kong.

Two common methods to fabricate AgNP functionalized polymer matrices are used: an in situ polymerization that consists of entrapping Ag+ cations within the chains of the polymers, followed by reduction with common reducing agents, and a simple mixing of the pre-synthesized AgNPs with the polymer precursor method.
This procedure was repeated two times and the results were averaged for the accuracy of the bacterial test data.
In order to measure the antimicrobial activity of PP/Ag nanocomposites, it can be estimated by R (reduction log) according to ISO22196: R = (Ut-U0) – (At-U0) (1) where U0 is the average of the common logarithm of the number of viable bacteria, in cells/cm2, recovered from the untreated test specimens immediately after inoculation; Ut is the average of the common logarithm of the number of viable bacteria, in cells/cm2, recovered from the untreated test specimens after 24 h; and At is the average of the common logarithm of the number of viable bacteria, in cells/cm2, recovered from the treated test specimens after 24 h.
A significant reduction in the growth of bacteria can be observed on the surface of PP loaded with Ag nano-particles.

The data are compared with bulk CdS (vertical solid line) and bulk Cu (vertical dot line) given in (g).
The crosslink between PVA and CdS results in a considerable reduction of the intensity of O−H stretching vibration, which indicates the hydrogen bonding, becomes weaker in crosslinked PVA than in pure PVA due to diminution in the number of OH groups.
The third weight reduction above 650- 880 °C is the effect of Cd sublimation.
Significantly, the doped samples exhibit the same kind of TG curves with lower reduction rate above 650 °C which may be due to the higher melting point of copper.