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Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) (a) (b) (c) (d) Fig. 1 TEM images and EDS spectrums for mechanically alloyed Al-70Si alloy powders.
It can be speculated that most of milling energy was consumed for grain refinement by particle pulverization in the initial stage of milling [11], but the milling energy could be consumed for lattice straining rather than grain refinement in the case of prolonged milling. 4.

At the early stage of milling, a number of agglomerate particles can be seen in Fig. 1(b) as pointed out in circle regions, and is almost not changed compared with the original powder before milling.
That is because the grain size is refining and internal strain is increasing during milling.
Milling time (h) Cold rolling results Rolling texture (<15o) Cube texture (<10o) Carnelian-150 rmp 3 Cracked -- -- 5 Succeed 87.92% 90.2% 24 Succeed 85.80% 89.5% WC-150 rmp 6 Succeed 81.37% 75.2% 24 Succeed 72.34% 32.6% 60 Cracked -- -- 84 Cracked -- -- WC-300 rmp 6 Cracked -- -- 12 Cracked -- -- 24 Cracked -- -- 48 Cracked -- -- Compared with the two samples after using TSA procedure as shown in Fig. 5, the fraction of cube texture in substrate of WC-150 rmp after 6 h milling is much lower than the substrate of Carnelian-150 rmp after 5 h milling, and the average grain size is only 28.1 μm, due to the pinning effect of WC particles during annealing process.

Needing 12min to reaching the maximum curing degree under 140oC, while reaching the maximum curing degree under the condition of microwave needs only 2min.In other words, relative to heat curing, the cross-liking reaction begins faster and more rapidly in microwave. 5.3 The IR analysis Fig.4 The IR spectra of liquid resin The figure4 above is the infrared spectrum of liquid resin, we can see a large number of unsaturated double bond in the liquid resin, using 913 cm-1 and 977 cm-1 as styrene and polyester C=C double bond respectively, taking 1730 cm-1 as interior label.
Through the comparison of heat and microwave curing data, it can be known that the different way of curing will not bring essential change for the nature of product, the influence factors of the mechanical properties and formulation of the products, also including grain grading and the performance of raw materials, for example, the performance of the resin, curing agent performance, sand and powder size, grain type, etc. 6.

As shown in Fig.3, when increased cerium, the peak intensity of composites increased and the crystallinity of samples tend to become better, but the number of peak decreased.
The SEM image of composite oxide composite is grain when molar ratio of Zinic, Ceria and ascorbic acid is equal to 0.25:1:7.5.
There were a little of grain on the sheet.

Big grain activated carbon of technical grade, clubbed, particle is 3~4 mm, the carbon will be soaked in the wastewater for 24 hours before the experiment to exclude adsorption.
We use iron-scraps to make decontamination and activation; the grain size of the activated carbon is 3~4mm.
Tab.4 Structural design parameters structure design parameters number micro electrolytic-Fenton reactor Reaction time 5 h, effective volume 80 m3 1 regulating reservoir Residence time 12 h, effective volume 400 m3 1 UASB Volume load 3.0 kg/（m3.d）, residence time 36 h, size D7.2 m×15.5 m, effective volume of one tank 600 m3 2 MBR residence time 25 h, sludge loading 0.29~0.51kg/（kg·d）, sludge mass concentration 5.0 g/L, effective volume 840 m3, gas water ratio 25:1~30:1, membrane8m2/set, water yield of one set 1 m3/d, altogether 800 sets 1 Decolorizing sedimentation tank Reaction time 15 min, surface loading of the inclined tube sedimentation tanks 3.0 m3/（m2·d） 1 The engineering has been finished on July 27, 2009, after 3 months’ debugging, it began its steady operation for 1 a.

For Ti-6Al-4V and other α+βTi alloys, it has been well known that hot working processing is a useful method to improve the microstructure and to control the grain size and morphology.
The number of the contour lines indicates the efficiency of power dissipation η which was calculated by Eq.(1) [17].
Study on superplasticity and fine-grained of TC4 alloy.

Hardness Test Result S.NO MATERIAL ROCKWELL SCALE ROCKWELL HARDNESS NUMBER (HRB) TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3 MEAN 1 Aluminium B 60 59 62 60.33 2 Al7075-B4C- TiO2 B 65 62 63 63.33 Fig 1.
This decreased wear rate is due to increased hardness of the composite, wear resistance property of the carbide reinforcements and smaller grain size of the reinforcements.
Investigation of grain refinement in Al/Al2O3/B4C nano-composite produced by ARB.

Currently, there are a number of theories explaining the occurrence of cold brittleness of metals at low temperatures.
Some authors attribute cold brittleness to the presence of impurities at the metal grain boundaries [1,2], others point to a loss of dislocation mobility at low temperatures, resulting in the creation of local stresses and the formation of bundles in the crystal along certain planes.
The conducted literary analysis suggests that the tendency of metals to brittle fracture is determined by: their electronic structure, lattice parameter, the presence of impurities at grain boundaries, the energy of packing defect (EDF) of metals, and thermal physical properties.

They allow different density, homogeneity, grain sizes to be obtained, are characterized by a different number of inclusions, etc.
Classical methods for creating targets from composite powder materials are characterized by the duration of thermal and force effects on the consolidated material, which leads to grain growth and "contamination" of the material, so the interest of the world's leading scientists and scientific schools is currently directed to methods of consolidating powder materials capable of maintaining the metastable initial (amorphous, nanocrystalline) structure of the powder.

Numbers of trials are carried out to observe the complete melting of the bulk metallic material.
Referring to Fig. 3b, alpha and beta phases are blended and have formed elongated grain like structure resulting in increased ductility and tensile strength.
SEM observations indicate the clear formation of alpha and beta phases with elongated grain like structure in the CM and MWM brass specimens resulting in high strength to the material.